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| CMS-PAS-SUS-21-007 | ||
| Search for supersymmetry in final states with a single electron or muon using angular correlations and heavy object tagging in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| March 2022 | ||
| Abstract: A search for supersymmetry is presented in events with a single charged lepton (electron or muon) and multiple hadronic jets. The data correspond to a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search targets gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay into the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and either a top quark-antiquark pair, or a light-flavor quark-antiquark pair and a W boson. Depending on the targeted scenario, some of the jets are required to be identified as originating from b quarks. The main backgrounds, top quark pair production and W+jets production, are suppressed by requirements on the azimuthal angle between the lepton momentum and the reconstructed leptonic W boson candidate, and by top quark and W boson tagging based on a machine-learning technique. A number of exclusive search regions are defined according to the number of jets and several kinematic variables. The number of observed events is consistent with the expectations from standard model processes, and the results are used to set limits on supersymmetric particle masses in the context of two simplified models of gluino pair production. Exclusions for gluino masses reach up to 2130 (2280) GeV at 95% confidence level for a model with gluino decay to a top quark-antiquark pair (a light-flavor quark-antiquark pair and a W boson) and the LSP. For the same models, limits on the mass of the LSP reach up to 1270 (1220) GeV. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to JHEP. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Diagrams showing the simplified SUSY models (left) T1tttt and (right) T5qqqqWW. In T5qqqqWW, the W boson can be virtual depending on the mass difference between the chargino ($\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}$) and the neutralino ($\tilde{\chi}^0_1$). |
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Figure 1-a:
Diagrams showing the simplified SUSY models (left) T1tttt and (right) T5qqqqWW. In T5qqqqWW, the W boson can be virtual depending on the mass difference between the chargino ($\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}$) and the neutralino ($\tilde{\chi}^0_1$). |
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Figure 1-b:
Diagrams showing the simplified SUSY models (left) T1tttt and (right) T5qqqqWW. In T5qqqqWW, the W boson can be virtual depending on the mass difference between the chargino ($\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}$) and the neutralino ($\tilde{\chi}^0_1$). |
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Figure 2:
Comparison of signal and background distributions as predicted by simulation in the ${\Delta \phi}$ variable for (left) the multi-b selection, requiring $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \ge $ 6, $ {L_{\textrm T}} > $ 250 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 500 GeV, and (right) the zero-b channel, requiring $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \ge $ 6, $ {L_{\textrm T}} > $ 350 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 750 GeV. While most background contributions are at low ${\Delta \phi}$ values, the signal, shown for two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass difference, is almost flat over the whole range. |
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Figure 2-a:
Comparison of signal and background distributions as predicted by simulation in the ${\Delta \phi}$ variable for (left) the multi-b selection, requiring $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \ge $ 6, $ {L_{\textrm T}} > $ 250 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 500 GeV, and (right) the zero-b channel, requiring $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \ge $ 6, $ {L_{\textrm T}} > $ 350 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 750 GeV. While most background contributions are at low ${\Delta \phi}$ values, the signal, shown for two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass difference, is almost flat over the whole range. |
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Figure 2-b:
Comparison of signal and background distributions as predicted by simulation in the ${\Delta \phi}$ variable for (left) the multi-b selection, requiring $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \ge $ 6, $ {L_{\textrm T}} > $ 250 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 500 GeV, and (right) the zero-b channel, requiring $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \ge $ 6, $ {L_{\textrm T}} > $ 350 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 750 GeV. While most background contributions are at low ${\Delta \phi}$ values, the signal, shown for two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass difference, is almost flat over the whole range. |
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Figure 3:
Distributions of $ {\Delta \phi} $ as obtained from simulation showing the impact of top quark tagging after requiring various top-tag multiplicities for (left) the total background and (right) for the signal in two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass difference. After requiring at least one top tag, the background is strongly suppressed, while the efficiency for signal remains high. |
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Figure 3-a:
Distributions of $ {\Delta \phi} $ as obtained from simulation showing the impact of top quark tagging after requiring various top-tag multiplicities for (left) the total background and (right) for the signal in two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass difference. After requiring at least one top tag, the background is strongly suppressed, while the efficiency for signal remains high. |
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Figure 3-b:
Distributions of $ {\Delta \phi} $ as obtained from simulation showing the impact of top quark tagging after requiring various top-tag multiplicities for (left) the total background and (right) for the signal in two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass difference. After requiring at least one top tag, the background is strongly suppressed, while the efficiency for signal remains high. |
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Figure 4:
Graphical presentation of the SB, MB, CR, and SR (left) for the multi-b and (middle and right) for the zero-b analysis. The value of ${\Delta \phi}$ separating CR and SR is labeled as $ {\Delta \phi} _0$. It is constant for the multi-b channel but varies for the zero-b analysis. |
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Figure 5:
Fits to the ${n_\textrm {b}}$ multiplicity for control regions for the muon channel and with the requirements (left) 3 $ \leq {n_\textrm {jet}} \leq $ 4, 250 $ < {L_{\textrm T}} < $ 350 GeV, 500 $ < {H_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 750 GeV, $n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq 1$, $ {\Delta \phi} < $ 1 and (right) 3 $ \leq {n_\textrm {jet}} \leq $ 4, 350 $ < {L_{\textrm T}} < $ 450 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 1000 GeV, $n_{\mathrm{W}}\ge $ 0, $ {\Delta \phi} < $ 1. |
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Figure 5-a:
Fits to the ${n_\textrm {b}}$ multiplicity for control regions for the muon channel and with the requirements (left) 3 $ \leq {n_\textrm {jet}} \leq $ 4, 250 $ < {L_{\textrm T}} < $ 350 GeV, 500 $ < {H_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 750 GeV, $n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq 1$, $ {\Delta \phi} < $ 1 and (right) 3 $ \leq {n_\textrm {jet}} \leq $ 4, 350 $ < {L_{\textrm T}} < $ 450 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 1000 GeV, $n_{\mathrm{W}}\ge $ 0, $ {\Delta \phi} < $ 1. |
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Figure 5-b:
Fits to the ${n_\textrm {b}}$ multiplicity for control regions for the muon channel and with the requirements (left) 3 $ \leq {n_\textrm {jet}} \leq $ 4, 250 $ < {L_{\textrm T}} < $ 350 GeV, 500 $ < {H_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 750 GeV, $n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq 1$, $ {\Delta \phi} < $ 1 and (right) 3 $ \leq {n_\textrm {jet}} \leq $ 4, 350 $ < {L_{\textrm T}} < $ 450 GeV, $ {H_{\mathrm {T}}} > $ 1000 GeV, $n_{\mathrm{W}}\ge $ 0, $ {\Delta \phi} < $ 1. |
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Figure 6:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 6-a:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 6-b:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 6-c:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 6-d:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 6-e:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-f:
The top row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection, while the middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again (left) for the multi-b selection and (right) for the zero-b selection. The simulation is normalized to data with the scale factor (SF) mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with the fit is shown in the bottom row for (left) the multi-b and (right) the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data taking year, 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7:
The ${L_{\textrm P}}$ distribution for (left) selected and (right) anti-selected electron candidates in the baseline QCD selection, with modified requirements of $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \in [3,4]$ and $ {n_\textrm {b}} = $ 0. |
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Figure 7-a:
The ${L_{\textrm P}}$ distribution for (left) selected and (right) anti-selected electron candidates in the baseline QCD selection, with modified requirements of $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \in [3,4]$ and $ {n_\textrm {b}} = $ 0. |
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Figure 7-b:
The ${L_{\textrm P}}$ distribution for (left) selected and (right) anti-selected electron candidates in the baseline QCD selection, with modified requirements of $ {n_\textrm {jet}} \in [3,4]$ and $ {n_\textrm {b}} = $ 0. |
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Figure 8:
Observed event yields in the MB SR of the multi-b analysis compared to signal and background predictions, for all three years combined. The relative fraction of the different SM EW background contributions determined in simulation is shown by the stacked, colored histograms, normalized so that their sum is equal to the background estimated using data control regions. The QCD background is predicted using the ${L_{\textrm P}}$ method. The signal is shown for two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass differences. |
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Figure 9:
Observed event yields in the MB SR of the zero-b analysis compared to signal and background predictions, for all three years combined. The W+jets, $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$, and QCD predictions are extracted from data control samples, while the other background contributions are estimated from simulation. The signal is shown for two representative combinations of gluino/neutralino masses with large (2.2 TeV / 0.1 TeV) and small (1.8 TeV / 1.3 TeV) mass differences. |
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Figure 10:
Cross section limits at 95% CL (left) for the T1tttt and (right) for the T5qqqqWW model, as a function of the gluino and LSP masses, assuming a branching ratio of 100%. The mass of the intermediate chargino is taken to be halfway between the gluino and the neutralino masses. The solid black (dashed red) lines correspond to the observed (expected) mass limits, with the thicker lines representing the central values and the thinner lines representing the $ \pm $1$ \sigma $ uncertainty bands related to the theoretical (experimental) uncertainties. |
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Figure 10-a:
Cross section limits at 95% CL (left) for the T1tttt and (right) for the T5qqqqWW model, as a function of the gluino and LSP masses, assuming a branching ratio of 100%. The mass of the intermediate chargino is taken to be halfway between the gluino and the neutralino masses. The solid black (dashed red) lines correspond to the observed (expected) mass limits, with the thicker lines representing the central values and the thinner lines representing the $ \pm $1$ \sigma $ uncertainty bands related to the theoretical (experimental) uncertainties. |
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Figure 10-b:
Cross section limits at 95% CL (left) for the T1tttt and (right) for the T5qqqqWW model, as a function of the gluino and LSP masses, assuming a branching ratio of 100%. The mass of the intermediate chargino is taken to be halfway between the gluino and the neutralino masses. The solid black (dashed red) lines correspond to the observed (expected) mass limits, with the thicker lines representing the central values and the thinner lines representing the $ \pm $1$ \sigma $ uncertainty bands related to the theoretical (experimental) uncertainties. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Baseline event selection. |
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Table 2:
Overview of the definitions of sideband and mainband regions. For the multijet (QCD) fit the electron (e) sample is used, while the muon ($\mu$) sample is used for the determination (det.) of $ {R^{\textrm {CS}}} (\mathrm{W^{\pm}})$. |
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Table 3:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the background prediction for the multi-b analysis. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the total background prediction is shown, where the three quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. |
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Table 4:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the background prediction for the zero-b analysis. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$, W+jets, and total background prediction is shown, where the three quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. |
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Table 5:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the signal prediction for the multi-b analysis. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the total background prediction is shown, where the three quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. The MET uncertainty has a very high maximum value for T1tttt(2.2, 0.1) in one bin with low sensitivity to the signal. The gluino and LSP masses are indicated in units of TeV. |
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Table 6:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the signal prediction for the zero-b analysis. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the total background prediction is shown, where the three quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. The gluino and LSP masses are indicated in units of TeV. |
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Table 7:
Observed number of events in the search region bins of the multi-b analysis, together with the predicted yields for background and two T1tttt(${m_{{\mathrm{\tilde{g}}}}}$, ${m_{{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}}}$) signal points. For the latter, the gluino and LSP masses are indicated in units of TeV. All bins are defined with $ {\Delta \phi} > 0.75$. |
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Table 8:
Observed number of events in the search region bins of the zero-b analysis, together with the predicted yields for background and two T5qqqqWW(${m_{{\mathrm{\tilde{g}}}}}$, ${m_{{\tilde{\chi}^0_1}}}$) signal points. For the latter, the gluino and LSP masses are indicated in units of TeV. |
| Summary |
|
A search for supersymmetry has been performed using a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$, recorded by the CMS experiment. Events with a single charged lepton (electron or muon) and multiple jets are selected. Top quark and W boson tagging algorithms based on machine-learning techniques are employed to suppress the main background contributions in the analysis. Various exclusive search regions are defined that differ in the number of jets, the number of b-tagged jets, the number of hadronically decaying top quarks or W bosons, the scalar sum of all jet transverse momenta, and the scalar sum of the missing transverse momentum and the transverse momentum of the lepton. To reduce the main background processes from $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ and W+jets production, the presence of an electron or muon produced in the leptonic decay of a W boson in the event is exploited. Under the hypothesis that all of the missing transverse momentum in the event originates from the neutrino produced in a leptonic W boson decay, the W boson momentum is calculated. The requirement of a large azimuthal angle between the direction of the lepton and the reconstructed leptonic W boson notably reduces the background contributions. The event yields observed in data are consistent with the expectations from the standard model processes, which are estimated using control samples in data and corrected for deviations observed in simulated event samples. Due to the absence of any significant excess of events, exclusion limits are evaluated on the supersymmetric particle masses in the context of two simplified models of gluino pair production. For the T1tttt simplified model, where each gluino decays to a top quark-antiquark pair and the lightest neutralino, the excluded gluino masses reach up to 2130 GeV, while the excluded neutralino masses reach up to 1270 GeV. This result extends the exclusion limit on gluino (neutralino) masses from a previous CMS search [19] by about 320 (170) GeV. The second simplified model, T5qqqqWW, also targets gluino pair production, but with decays to a light-flavor quark-antiquark pair and a chargino, which decays to a W boson and the lightest neutralino. The chargino mass in this decay channel is assumed to be $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}_1}=0.5(m_{{\mathrm{\tilde{g}}}}+m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1})$. The excluded gluino masses reach up to 2280 GeV, while the excluded neutralino masses reach up to 1220 GeV. This corresponds to an improvement on gluino (neutralino) masses by about 380 (270) GeV in comparison with the previous result [19]. |
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