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| CMS-SUS-21-007 ; CERN-EP-2022-169 | ||
| Search for supersymmetry in final states with a single electron or muon using angular correlations and heavy-object identification in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 15 November 2022 | ||
| JHEP 09 (2023) 149 | ||
| Abstract: A search for supersymmetry is presented in events with a single charged lepton, electron or muon, and multiple hadronic jets. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $ of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The search targets gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay into final states with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and either a top quark-antiquark ( $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $) pair, or a light-flavor quark-antiquark ($ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $) pair and a virtual or on-shell W boson. The main backgrounds, $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ pair and W+jets production, are suppressed by requirements on the azimuthal angle between the momenta of the lepton and of its reconstructed parent W boson candidate, and by top quark and W boson identification based on a machine-learning technique. The number of observed events is consistent with the expectations from standard model processes. Limits are evaluated on supersymmetric particle masses in the context of two simplified models of gluino pair production. Exclusions for gluino masses reach up to 2120 (2050) GeV at 95% confidence level for a model with gluino decay to a $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ pair (a $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $ pair and a W boson) and the LSP. For the same models, limits on the mass of the LSP reach up to 1250 (1070) GeV. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2211.08476 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Diagrams showing the simplified SUSY models T1tttt (left) and T5qqqqWW (right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Diagram showing the T1tttt simplified SUSY model. |
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Figure 1-b:
Diagram showing the T5qqqqWW simplified SUSY model. |
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Figure 2:
Signal and background distributions of the $ \Delta\phi $ variable, as predicted by simulation, for the multi-b analysis, requiring $ n_{\text{jet}}\geq $ 6, $ L_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 250 GeV, $ H_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 500 GeV (left), and the zero-b analysis, requiring $ n_{\text{jet}}\geq $ 6, $ L_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 350 GeV, $ H_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 750 GeV (right). The predicted signal distributions are also shown for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. |
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Figure 2-a:
Signal and background distributions of the $ \Delta\phi $ variable, as predicted by simulation, for the multi-b analysis, requiring $ n_{\text{jet}}\geq $ 6, $ L_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 250 GeV, $ H_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 500 GeV. The predicted signal distributions are also shown for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. |
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Figure 2-b:
Signal and background distributions of the $ \Delta\phi $ variable, as predicted by simulation, for the zero-b analysis, requiring $ n_{\text{jet}}\geq $ 6, $ L_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 350 GeV, $ H_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 750 GeV. The predicted signal distributions are also shown for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. |
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Figure 3:
Distributions of $ \Delta\phi $ as obtained from simulation, requiring various t tag multiplicities for the total background (left) and for the signal in two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass difference (right). |
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Figure 3-a:
Distribution of $ \Delta\phi $ as obtained from simulation requiring various t tag multiplicities for the total background. |
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Figure 3-b:
Distribution of $ \Delta\phi $ as obtained from simulation for the signal in two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass difference. |
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Figure 4:
Overview of the regions used to calculate $ R^{\mathrm{CS}} $ for the multi-b (left) and zero-b (right) analysis. For the multijet (QCD) fit, the electron (e) sample is used, while the muon ($ \mu $) sample is used for the determination of $R_{\mathrm{W}}^{\text{CS}}$. |
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Figure 5:
Graphical presentation of the regions indexed by pairs of SB or MB and CR or SR: for the multi-b (left) and for the zero-b (middle and right) analysis. The value of $ \Delta\phi $ separating CR and SR is labeled as $ \Delta\phi_0$. It is independent of the SR bin for the multi-b analysis with a value of 0.75, but varies from 0.5 to 1 among the zero-b SR bins. |
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Figure 6:
Results of fits to the $ n_{\mathrm{b}} $ multiplicity for control regions for the muon channel and with the requirements 3 $ \leq n_{\text{jet}}\leq $ 4, 250 $ < L_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 350 GeV, 500 $ < H_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 750 GeV, $ n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq $ 1, $ \Delta\phi < $ 1 (left) and 3 $ \leq n_{\text{jet}}\leq $ 4, 350 $ < L_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 450 GeV, $ H_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 1000 GeV, $ n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq $ 0, $ \Delta\phi < $ 1 (right). The shaded area shows the fit uncertainty of the total background. |
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Figure 6-a:
Results of fits to the $ n_{\mathrm{b}} $ multiplicity for control regions for the muon channel and with the requirements 3 $ \leq n_{\text{jet}}\leq $ 4, 250 $ < L_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 350 GeV, 500 $ < H_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 750 GeV, $ n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq $ 1, $ \Delta\phi < $ 1. The shaded area shows the fit uncertainty of the total background. |
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Figure 6-b:
Results of fits to the $ n_{\mathrm{b}} $ multiplicity for control regions for the muon channel and with the requirements 3 $ \leq n_{\text{jet}}\leq $ 4, 350 $ < L_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 450 GeV, $ H_{\mathrm{T}} > $ 1000 GeV, $ n_{\mathrm{W}}\geq $ 0, $ \Delta\phi < $ 1. The shaded area shows the fit uncertainty of the total background. |
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Figure 7:
The upper row shows the jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs for the multi-b analysis (left) and for the zero-b analysis (right). The middle row contains the dilepton CRs, again for the multi-b analysis (left) and for the zero-b analysis (right). The simulation is normalized to data with the SF mentioned in the plot. The double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with fit results and their uncertainties is shown in the lower row for the multi-b (left) and the zero-b (right) analysis. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7-a:
Jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs for the multi-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7-b:
Jet multiplicity distribution after the single-lepton baseline selection excluding the SRs for the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7-c:
Dilepton CRs for the multi-b analysis. The simulation is normalized to data with the SF mentioned in the plot. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7-d:
Dilepton CRs for the zero-b analysis. The simulation is normalized to data with the SF mentioned in the plot. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7-e:
Double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with fit results and their uncertainties for the multi-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 7-f:
Double ratio of the single-lepton and dilepton ratio between data and simulation together with fit results and their uncertainties for the zero-b analysis. The fits are performed for each data-taking year; 2018 is shown as an example. |
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Figure 8:
The prefit $ L_{\mathrm{P}} $ distribution for selected (left) and anti-selected (right) electron candidates in the baseline QCD selection, with modified requirements of $ n_{\text{jet}}\in$ [3,4] and $ n_{\mathrm{b}}= $ 0. |
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Figure 8-a:
The prefit $ L_{\mathrm{P}} $ distribution for selected electron candidates in the baseline QCD selection, with modified requirements of $ n_{\text{jet}}\in$ [3,4] and $ n_{\mathrm{b}}= $ 0. |
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Figure 8-b:
The prefit $ L_{\mathrm{P}} $ distribution for anti-selected electron candidates in the baseline QCD selection, with modified requirements of $ n_{\text{jet}}\in$ [3,4] and $ n_{\mathrm{b}}= $ 0. |
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Figure 9:
Observed event yields in the MB SRs of the multi-b analysis compared to signal and background predictions. The relative fraction of the different SM EW background contributions determined in simulation is shown by the stacked, colored histograms, normalized so that their sum is equal to the background estimated using data control regions. The QCD background is predicted using the $ L_{\mathrm{P}} $ method. The signal is shown for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. |
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Figure 10:
Observed event yields in the MB SRs of the zero-b analysis compared to signal and background predictions. The W+jets, $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $, and QCD predictions are extracted from data control samples, while the other background contributions are estimated from simulation. The signal is shown for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. |
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Figure 11:
Cross section limits at 95% CL for the T1tttt (left) and for the T5qqqqWW (right) model, as functions of the gluino and LSP masses, assuming a branching fraction of 100%. The mass of the intermediate chargino is taken to be halfway between the gluino and the neutralino masses. The solid black (dashed red) lines correspond to the observed (expected) mass limits, with the thicker lines representing the central values and the thinner lines representing the $ \pm$1$\sigma $ uncertainty bands related to the theoretical (experimental) uncertainties. |
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Figure 11-a:
Cross section limits at 95% CL for the T1tttt model, as functions of the gluino and LSP masses, assuming a branching fraction of 100%. The mass of the intermediate chargino is taken to be halfway between the gluino and the neutralino masses. The solid black (dashed red) lines correspond to the observed (expected) mass limits, with the thicker lines representing the central values and the thinner lines representing the $ \pm$1$\sigma $ uncertainty bands related to the theoretical (experimental) uncertainties. |
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Figure 11-b:
Cross section limits at 95% CL for the T5qqqqWW model, as functions of the gluino and LSP masses, assuming a branching fraction of 100%. The mass of the intermediate chargino is taken to be halfway between the gluino and the neutralino masses. The solid black (dashed red) lines correspond to the observed (expected) mass limits, with the thicker lines representing the central values and the thinner lines representing the $ \pm$1$\sigma $ uncertainty bands related to the theoretical (experimental) uncertainties. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Baseline event selection. |
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Table 2:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the background prediction for the multi-b analysis. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the total background prediction is shown in order of decreasing importance, where these quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. |
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Table 3:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the background prediction for the zero-b analysis. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $, W+jets, and total background prediction is shown in order of decreasing importance for the total background, where these quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. |
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Table 4:
Summary of the main systematic uncertainties in the signal prediction for the multi-b analysis, for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the total background prediction is shown in order of decreasing importance for the T1tttt(1.8, 1.3) TeV signal, where these quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. |
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Table 5:
Summary of the main systematic uncertainties in the signal prediction for the zero-b analysis, for two representative combinations of (gluino, neutralino) masses with large (2.2, 0.1) TeV and small (1.8, 1.3) TeV mass differences. For each uncertainty source, the median, minimal (min), and maximal (max) impact on the total background prediction is shown in order of decreasing importance for the T5qqqqWW(1.8, 1.3) TeV signal, where these quantities refer to the set of MB SR bins. |
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Table 6:
Observed number of events in the MB SR bins of the multi-b analysis, together with the predicted yields for background and two T1tttt ($ m_{\mathrm{\widetilde{g}}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $) signal points. All bins are defined with $ \Delta\phi > $ 0.75. |
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Table 7:
Observed number of events in the MB SR bins of the zero-b analysis, together with the predicted yields for background and two T5qqqqWW ($ m_{\mathrm{\widetilde{g}}} $, $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}} $) signal points. |
| Summary |
| A search for supersymmetry has been performed using a sample of proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $, recorded by the CMS experiment in 2016--2018. Events with a single charged lepton (electron or muon) and multiple jets are selected. Top quark and W boson identification algorithms based on machine-learning techniques are employed to suppress the main background contributions in the analysis. Various exclusive search regions are defined that differ in the number of jets, the number of jets identified as stemming from b quarks, the number of hadronically decaying top quarks or W bosons, the scalar sum of all jet transverse momenta, and the scalar sum of the missing transverse momentum and the transverse momentum of the lepton. By targeting final states with one lepton, this analysis represents a search for SUSY complementary to those without any leptons in their final states. To reduce the main background processes from $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ and W+jets production, the presence of a lepton produced in the leptonic decay of a W boson in the event is exploited. Under the hypothesis that all of the missing transverse momentum in the event originates from the neutrino produced in a leptonic W boson decay, the W boson momentum is calculated. The requirement of a large azimuthal angle between the directions of the lepton and of the reconstructed W boson decaying leptonically, notably reduces the background contributions. The event yields observed in data are consistent with the expectations from the SM processes, which are estimated using control samples in data. Exclusion limits on the supersymmetric particle masses in the context of two simplified models of gluino pair production are evaluated. For the T1tttt simplified model, where each gluino decays to a top quark-antiquark pair and the lightest neutralino, the excluded gluino masses reach up to 2120 GeV, while the excluded neutralino masses reach up to 1250 GeV. This result extends the exclusion limit on gluino (neutralino) masses from a previous CMS search [19] by about 310 (150) GeV. The second simplified model, T5qqqqWW, also targets gluino pair production, but with decays to a light-flavor quark-antiquark pair and a chargino, which decays to a W boson and the lightest neutralino. The chargino mass in this decay channel is assumed to be $ m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{\pm}}=$ 0.5$(m_{\mathrm{\widetilde{g}}}+m_{\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{0}}) $. The excluded gluino masses reach up to 2050 GeV, while the excluded neutralino masses reach up to 1070 GeV. This corresponds to an improvement on gluino (neutralino) masses by about 150 (120) GeV in comparison with the previous result [19]. |
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