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| CMS-PAS-HIG-25-012 | ||
| Analysis of the $ CP $ structure of the Yukawa coupling between the Higgs boson and tau leptons in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13.6 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 2026-03-21 | ||
| Abstract: This note presents a measurement of the charge-parity ($ CP $) structure of the Yukawa coupling between the Higgs boson and tau leptons, using proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13.6 TeV recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 62.4 fb$ ^{-1} $. Angular correlations between the decay products of tau leptons produced in $ \text{H}\to\tau\tau $ decays are exploited to constrain the effective $ CP $ mixing angle $ \alpha^{\text{H}\tau\tau} $, which parameterizes the admixture of scalar and pseudoscalar couplings. The mixing angle is measured to be $ \alpha^{\text{H}\tau\tau} = $ 36 $ ^{+33}_{-30} $ ^\circ, compared with an expected value of 0 $ \pm $ 19 $ ^\circ $ under the standard model hypothesis. When combined with the previous CMS measurement using data collected at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $, the mixing angle is determined to be 7 $ \pm $ 16 $ ^\circ $, compared with an expected value of 0 $ \pm $ 14 $ ^\circ $. This result represents the most precise measurement by CMS of the $ CP $ nature of the Higgs boson coupling to tau leptons, with an expected precision that is the best achieved by any experiment to date. | ||
| Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
png pdf |
Figure 1:
Illustration of the reconstruction of $ \phi_{{CP} } $. The frame is defined such that the sum of the $ \vec{\textrm{P}}^{*\pm} $ vectors is zero. The $ \phi_{{CP} } $ angle is reconstructed from $ \vec{\textrm{R}}^{*\pm}_\perp $ and $ \vec{\textrm{P}}^{*\pm} $. |
png pdf |
Figure 2:
The post-fit BDT score distributions for the Genuine (left) and Mis-ID categories (right) in the $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel. The distributions are inclusive in $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ decay mode. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the background prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-a:
The post-fit BDT score distributions for the Genuine (left) and Mis-ID categories (right) in the $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel. The distributions are inclusive in $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ decay mode. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the background prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-b:
The post-fit BDT score distributions for the Genuine (left) and Mis-ID categories (right) in the $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel. The distributions are inclusive in $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ decay mode. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the background prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 3:
From top to bottom: distributions of $ \phi_{{CP} } $ in the $ \rho\rho $, and $ \pi\rho $, and $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in windows of increasing BDT score, shown on top of each window. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation (including signal for the best-fit $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $) is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-a:
From top to bottom: distributions of $ \phi_{{CP} } $ in the $ \rho\rho $, and $ \pi\rho $, and $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in windows of increasing BDT score, shown on top of each window. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation (including signal for the best-fit $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $) is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-b:
From top to bottom: distributions of $ \phi_{{CP} } $ in the $ \rho\rho $, and $ \pi\rho $, and $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in windows of increasing BDT score, shown on top of each window. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation (including signal for the best-fit $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $) is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-c:
From top to bottom: distributions of $ \phi_{{CP} } $ in the $ \rho\rho $, and $ \pi\rho $, and $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in windows of increasing BDT score, shown on top of each window. In the lower panels, the data divided by the expectation (including signal for the best-fit $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $) is displayed. The uncertainty band accounts for all sources of systematic uncertainty in the prediction. |
png pdf |
Figure 4:
Negative log-likelihood scan for the combination of the $ \tau_{\mathrm{e}}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, $ \tau_{\mu}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, and $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels in 13.6 TeV data. The best-fit value of $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $ is found to be 36 $ ^{+33}_{-30} $ ^\circ, compared with an expected value of 0 $ \pm $ 19 $ ^{\circ} $. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
Negative log-likelihood scan for the combination of the $ \tau_{\mathrm{e}}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, $ \tau_{\mu}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, and $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels in 13 and 13.6 TeV data. The best-fit value of $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $ is 7 $ \pm $ 16 $ ^\circ $ compared with an expected value of 0 $ \pm $ 14 $ ^\circ $. |
png pdf |
Figure 6:
The $ \phi_{{CP} } $ distributions for the $ \rho\rho $, $ \pi\rho $, $ \mu\rho $, and $ \mathrm{e}\rho $ channels in 13 and 13.6 TeV data, and the $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $, $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}}+\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}}\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}} $, $ \mu\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $, and $ \mathrm{e}\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in 13.6 TeV data, are weighed by $ A\:S/(S+B) $ and combined. The upper plot includes only the 13.6 TeV data, while the lower plot shows the combination of the 13 and 13.6 TeV data. Events are included from all BDT score bins in the signal categories. The background is subtracted from the data. The $ CP $ -even distribution is depicted in red, the $ CP $ -odd is displayed in blue, and a mixed- $ CP $ distribution ($ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau}=45^{\circ} $) is shown in green. In the predictions, the cross section times branching fraction are taken from their best fit values. The grey uncertainty band indicates the uncertainty in the subtracted background component. In combining the channels, a phase-shift was applied to the channels where the $ \phi_{{CP} } $ has a different phase with respect to the $ \rho\rho $ channel. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-a:
The $ \phi_{{CP} } $ distributions for the $ \rho\rho $, $ \pi\rho $, $ \mu\rho $, and $ \mathrm{e}\rho $ channels in 13 and 13.6 TeV data, and the $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $, $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}}+\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}}\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}} $, $ \mu\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $, and $ \mathrm{e}\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in 13.6 TeV data, are weighed by $ A\:S/(S+B) $ and combined. The upper plot includes only the 13.6 TeV data, while the lower plot shows the combination of the 13 and 13.6 TeV data. Events are included from all BDT score bins in the signal categories. The background is subtracted from the data. The $ CP $ -even distribution is depicted in red, the $ CP $ -odd is displayed in blue, and a mixed- $ CP $ distribution ($ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau}=45^{\circ} $) is shown in green. In the predictions, the cross section times branching fraction are taken from their best fit values. The grey uncertainty band indicates the uncertainty in the subtracted background component. In combining the channels, a phase-shift was applied to the channels where the $ \phi_{{CP} } $ has a different phase with respect to the $ \rho\rho $ channel. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
The $ \phi_{{CP} } $ distributions for the $ \rho\rho $, $ \pi\rho $, $ \mu\rho $, and $ \mathrm{e}\rho $ channels in 13 and 13.6 TeV data, and the $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $, $ \rho\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}}+\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}}\mathrm{a_{1}^{1pr}} $, $ \mu\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $, and $ \mathrm{e}\mathrm{a_{1}^{3pr}} $ channels in 13.6 TeV data, are weighed by $ A\:S/(S+B) $ and combined. The upper plot includes only the 13.6 TeV data, while the lower plot shows the combination of the 13 and 13.6 TeV data. Events are included from all BDT score bins in the signal categories. The background is subtracted from the data. The $ CP $ -even distribution is depicted in red, the $ CP $ -odd is displayed in blue, and a mixed- $ CP $ distribution ($ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau}=45^{\circ} $) is shown in green. In the predictions, the cross section times branching fraction are taken from their best fit values. The grey uncertainty band indicates the uncertainty in the subtracted background component. In combining the channels, a phase-shift was applied to the channels where the $ \phi_{{CP} } $ has a different phase with respect to the $ \rho\rho $ channel. |
png pdf |
Figure 7:
Observed scan of $ -2\Delta\ln L $ for $ \mu $ against $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $ for the combination of the 13 and 13.6 TeV measurements. The red marker indicates the SM prediction, and the black marker indicates the best fit to the data. |
png pdf |
Figure 8:
Observed scan of $ -2\Delta\ln L $ for the reduced $ CP $ -odd ($ \widetilde{\kappa}_\tau $) coupling against the reduced $ CP $ -even ($ \kappa_\tau $) coupling for the combination of the 13 and 13.6 TeV measurements. The red marker indicates the SM prediction, and the black marker indicates the best fit to the data. |
png pdf |
Figure 9:
Projections of the expected likelihood scans to an integrated luminosity of 3$ \text{ab}^{-1}$ under two systematic uncertainty scenarios: all systematic uncertainties kept constant with respect to the 13.6 TeV analysis (blue) and no systematic uncertainties (red). The expected precision on $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $ is $ 3^\circ $ in all scenarios. |
| Tables | |
png pdf |
Table 1:
Decay modes of $ \tau $ leptons used in this analysis and their branching fractions $ \mathcal{B} $ [66]. Where appropriate, we indicate the known intermediate resonances. The last row gives the shorthand notation for the decays used throughout this note. |
png pdf |
Table 2:
Kinematic trigger and offline requirements applied to the $ \tau_{\mathrm{e}}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, $ \tau_{\mu}\tau_\mathrm{h} $, and $ \tau_\mathrm{h}\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels. The $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ requirement is indicated in parentheses (in GeVns). The $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ thresholds indicated for the jet apply only for the object matched to the jet leg of the di-$ \tau $ plus jet trigger. |
| Summary |
| A measurement of the effective $ CP $ mixing angle $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} $ between scalar and pseudoscalar $ \mathrm{H}\to\tau\tau $ couplings has been presented, using proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13.6 TeV recorded by the CMS detector in 2022 and 2023, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 62.4 fb$ ^{-1} $. The mixing angle is measured to be $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} = $ 36 $ ^{+33}_{-30} $ ^\circ, compared with an expected value of 0 $ \pm $ 19 $ ^\circ $. When combined with the previous CMS measurement using data collected at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV, the mixing angle is determined to be $ \alpha^{\mathrm{H}\tau\tau} = $ 7 $ \pm $ 16 $ ^\circ $, compared with an expected value of 0 $ \pm $ 14 $ ^\circ $. This represents the most precise measurement by CMS of the $ CP $ nature of the Higgs boson coupling to tau leptons, with an expected precision that is the best achieved by any experiment to date. Finally, a projection is made for the expected precision of the measurement at the end of the high luminosity LHC, which is found to be approximately $ 3^\circ $. |
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