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| CMS-PAS-HIG-25-008 | ||
| Search for nonresonant HH production in the bb$ \tau\tau $ final state in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13.6 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 2026-08-06 | ||
| Abstract: A search is presented for Higgs boson pair (HH) production in the bb$ \tau\tau $ final state via gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion, using proton-proton collisions recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13.6 TeV, for an integrated luminosity of 172 fb$ ^{-1} $. Events are selected requiring at least one hadronically decaying $ \tau $ lepton. Machine learning techniques are used to enhance signal identification and extraction. The data are found to be consistent with the standard model (SM) expectation for the backgrounds. Observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level (CL) are set on the HH production cross section of 6.6 (3.9) and 81 (85) times the SM prediction, for the inclusive and vector boson fusion processes, respectively. These results are combined with 138 fb$ ^{-1} $ of data recorded at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV, for a total integrated luminosity of 310 fb$ ^{-1} $, giving combined observed (expected) 95% CL upper limits of 4.0 (3.0) and 62 (70) times the SM prediction for the two processes, respectively. The self-coupling parameter is constrained at 95% CL to $ -2.5 < \kappa_\lambda < $ 9.4 (expected: $ -1.5 < \kappa_\lambda < $ 8.4), and the coupling of two Higgs bosons to two vector bosons to 0.02 $ < \kappa_\text{2V} < $ 2.1 (expected: $ -0.1 < \kappa_\text{2V} < $ 2.2). | ||
| Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Leading-order Feynman diagrams contributing to Higgs boson pair production via gluon-gluon fusion (upper row) and vector boson fusion (lower row) in the SM. |
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Figure 1-a:
Leading-order Feynman diagrams contributing to Higgs boson pair production via gluon-gluon fusion (upper row) and vector boson fusion (lower row) in the SM. |
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Figure 1-b:
Leading-order Feynman diagrams contributing to Higgs boson pair production via gluon-gluon fusion (upper row) and vector boson fusion (lower row) in the SM. |
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Figure 2:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH mass ($ m_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 2-a:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH mass ($ m_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 2-b:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH mass ($ m_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 2-c:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH mass ($ m_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 2-d:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH mass ($ m_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 3:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH transverse momentum ($ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 3-a:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH transverse momentum ($ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 3-b:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH transverse momentum ($ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 3-c:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH transverse momentum ($ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 3-d:
Pre-fit distributions of the reconstructed HH transverse momentum ($ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}} $) in the most sensitive category of the analysis (resolved 2b). Events are shown in the $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $ (upper left), $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ (upper right), $ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom left), and boosted-$ \tau_h\tau_h $ (bottom right) channels for the full 2022--2024 data-taking period, after the selections described in the text. |
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Figure 4:
DNN score distributions in the 2024 data-taking signal regions after the maximum-likelihood fit to data. The signal distributions are scaled to the best-fit signal strength modifier obtained from the 13.6 TeV dataset, $ \mu = $ 2.6. The signal regions correspond to the merged $ X\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel in the boosted-$ bb $ and VBF topologies, and to the resolved categories $ resolved 2b $ and $ resolved 1b1j $ for each of the four $ \tau\tau $ final states: $ \tau_\mu\tau_h $ $, $ \tau_\mathrm{e}\tau_h $, $ \tau_h \tau_h $, and boosted-$ \tau_h \tau_h $. |
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Figure 5:
Observed and expected limits on the production cross section at the 95% CL, computed per category for an integrated luminosity of 172 fb$ ^{-1} $ and at a center of mass energy of 13.6 TeV. |
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Figure 5-a:
Observed and expected limits on the production cross section at the 95% CL, computed per category for an integrated luminosity of 172 fb$ ^{-1} $ and at a center of mass energy of 13.6 TeV. |
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Figure 5-b:
Observed and expected limits on the production cross section at the 95% CL, computed per category for an integrated luminosity of 172 fb$ ^{-1} $ and at a center of mass energy of 13.6 TeV. |
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Figure 6:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the HH production cross section times the bb$\tau\tau$ branching fraction as a function of $ \kappa_\lambda $ for the HH inclusive production mode (left) and as a function of $ \kappa_{2V} $ for the qqHH production mode (right). Coupling modifiers not considered in the scans are fixed to their SM values. The red line and band indicate the SM prediction for the HH production cross section and its theoretical uncertainty, respectively. |
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Figure 6-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the HH production cross section times the bb$\tau\tau$ branching fraction as a function of $ \kappa_\lambda $ for the HH inclusive production mode (left) and as a function of $ \kappa_{2V} $ for the qqHH production mode (right). Coupling modifiers not considered in the scans are fixed to their SM values. The red line and band indicate the SM prediction for the HH production cross section and its theoretical uncertainty, respectively. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the HH production cross section times the bb$\tau\tau$ branching fraction as a function of $ \kappa_\lambda $ for the HH inclusive production mode (left) and as a function of $ \kappa_{2V} $ for the qqHH production mode (right). Coupling modifiers not considered in the scans are fixed to their SM values. The red line and band indicate the SM prediction for the HH production cross section and its theoretical uncertainty, respectively. |
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Figure 7:
Expected and observed 95% CL limits on the HH production cross section at the SM point ($ k_\lambda = $ 1), shown for the $ \mu= $ 0 and $ \mu= $ 1 signal-strength hypotheses. The $ \pm1\sigma $ (green) and $ \pm2\sigma $ (yellow) uncertainty bands are shown for the expected limit under the $ \mu= $ 0 hypothesis. |
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Figure 8:
Observed and expected limits at 95% CL on the ggHH + qqHH signal strength as a function of $ k_\lambda $ (left) and on the qqHH signal strength as a function of $ \kappa_{2V} $ (right), with all other couplings set to their SM expectation. |
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Figure 8-a:
Observed and expected limits at 95% CL on the ggHH + qqHH signal strength as a function of $ k_\lambda $ (left) and on the qqHH signal strength as a function of $ \kappa_{2V} $ (right), with all other couplings set to their SM expectation. |
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Figure 8-b:
Observed and expected limits at 95% CL on the ggHH + qqHH signal strength as a function of $ k_\lambda $ (left) and on the qqHH signal strength as a function of $ \kappa_{2V} $ (right), with all other couplings set to their SM expectation. |
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Figure 9:
Observed likelihood scans as functions of $ k_\lambda $ (left) and $ k_{2V} $ (right), shown separately for the Run 2 and Run 3 datasets and for their combination. |
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Figure 9-a:
Observed likelihood scans as functions of $ k_\lambda $ (left) and $ k_{2V} $ (right), shown separately for the Run 2 and Run 3 datasets and for their combination. |
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Figure 9-b:
Observed likelihood scans as functions of $ k_\lambda $ (left) and $ k_{2V} $ (right), shown separately for the Run 2 and Run 3 datasets and for their combination. |
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Figure 10:
The 2D exclusion region at 95% CL in the $ k_{2V} $ versus $ k_\lambda $ plane (left) and the corresponding 2D likelihood scan (right) are shown for the Run 3 combination with Run 2. Couplings not shown in the scans are fixed to their SM values. The SM configuration is indicated by a red diamond. |
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Figure 10-a:
The 2D exclusion region at 95% CL in the $ k_{2V} $ versus $ k_\lambda $ plane (left) and the corresponding 2D likelihood scan (right) are shown for the Run 3 combination with Run 2. Couplings not shown in the scans are fixed to their SM values. The SM configuration is indicated by a red diamond. |
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Figure 10-b:
The 2D exclusion region at 95% CL in the $ k_{2V} $ versus $ k_\lambda $ plane (left) and the corresponding 2D likelihood scan (right) are shown for the Run 3 combination with Run 2. Couplings not shown in the scans are fixed to their SM values. The SM configuration is indicated by a red diamond. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of selections applied to the reconstructed $ \tau\tau $ candidate pair. The thresholds reflect the trigger-dependent strategy where applicable, including cross-lepton, single-lepton, VBF, and dedicated di-$ \tau $ triggers. Values in parentheses correspond to alternative thresholds used in specific data-taking periods. For the $ \tau_\mathrm{h} \tau_\mathrm{h} $ channel, the quoted $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ thresholds apply to both $ \tau_\mathrm{h} $ candidates. Here, $ d_{xy} $ and $ d_z $ denote the transverse and longitudinal impact parameters with respect to the primary vertex, respectively.} |
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Table 2:
Breakdown of the major sources of uncertainty in the measurement of the signal strength. The post-fit uncertainty in $ \mu $ is separated into experimental, statistical and theoretical components. |
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Table 3:
95% CL limits on inclusive (ggHH+qqHH) $ \sigma(pp \to HH )/\sigma $ and qqHH-only $ \sigma(pp \to qqHH)/\sigma $ for the different years and their combination. The observed limits are shown first, with the expected limits under the background-only ($ \mu= $ 0) hypothesis given in parentheses. |
| Summary |
| A search for nonresonant Higgs boson production in the $ bb$\tau\tau$ $ final state has been presented. The dataset analyzed consists of 172 $ \mbox{ \text{fb}^{-1}} $ of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s} = 13.6 \text{TeV} $, collected by the CMS experiment in the years 2022, 2023, and 2024. The events are selected requiring at least one hadronically decaying $ \tau $ lepton, resulting in three distinct final states, $ \tau_\textrm{e}\tau_{{\text h}} $, $ \tau_\mu\tau_{{\text h}} $, and $ \tau_{{\text h}}\tau_{{\text h}} $. Jet substructure techniques are employed to probe boosted production in $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b}\mathrm{b} $ and $ \mathrm{H}\to\tau\tau $. The search benefits from new dedicated trigger algorithms designed to enhance HH topologies and involves several Machine Learning discriminators targeting reconstruction of hadronic objects, signal identification, and signal extraction. An observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level (CL) on the HH production cross section is set to 6.6 (3.9) times the SM prediction for the inclusive HH cross section, and to 81 (85) times the SM prediction for the vector boson fusion HH cross section. The Higgs boson self-coupling parameter is constrained at 95% CL to be within $ -4.1 < k_\lambda < 11.2 (-2.2 < k_\lambda < 9.2) $, and the coupling of two Higgs bosons to two vector bosons to $ -0.2 < k_{2V} < 2.3 (-0.2 < k_{2V} < 2.4) $. The results are combined with 138 fb$ ^{-1} $ of data collected at $ \sqrt{s} = 13 \text{TeV} $ in the period 2016-2018, for a total integrated luminosity of 310 fb$ ^{-1} $. This combination sets 95% CL limits on the production cross section of 4.0 (3.0) times the SM prediction for the inclusive HH cross section, and 62 (70) times the SM prediction for the vector boson fusion HH cross section. In this combination, the Higgs boson self-coupling parameter is constrained at 95% CL to be within $ -2.5 < k_\lambda < $ 9.4 (with an expected limit of $ -1.5 < k_\lambda < $ 8.4), and the coupling of two Higgs bosons to two vector bosons to 0.02 $ < k_{2V} < $ 2.1 (with an expected limit of $ -0.1 < k_{2V} < $ 2.2). |
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