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| CMS-EXO-23-004 ; CERN-EP-2025-212 | ||
| Search for dijet resonances with data scouting in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 24 October 2025 | ||
| Submitted to J. High Energy Phys. | ||
| Abstract: A search is presented for narrow resonances, with a mass between 0.6 and 1.8 TeV, decaying to pairs of jets, in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV. The search is performed using dijets that are reconstructed, selected, and recorded in a compact form by the high-level trigger in a technique referred to as ``data scouting", from data collected in 2016-2018 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 117 fb$^{-1}$. The dijet mass spectra are well described by a smooth parameterization, and no significant evidence for the production of new particles is observed. Model-independent upper limits are presented on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for the individual cases of narrow quark-quark, quark-gluon, and gluon-gluon resonances, and are compared to the predictions from a variety of models of narrow dijet resonance production. The upper limit on the coupling of a dark matter mediator to quarks is presented as a function of the mediator mass. The sensitivity of this search goes beyond what is expected from statistical scaling with the integrated luminosity alone, as a consequence of the use of fewer parameters in the background function within a more robust statistical procedure. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2510.21641 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
The measured HLT trigger efficiency as a function of the offline dijet mass for wide Calo-jets, defined in Section 3, for 2016 (left), 2017 (middle), and 2018 (right) data. |
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Figure 1-a:
The measured HLT trigger efficiency as a function of the offline dijet mass for wide Calo-jets, defined in Section 3, for 2016 (left), 2017 (middle), and 2018 (right) data. |
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Figure 1-b:
The measured HLT trigger efficiency as a function of the offline dijet mass for wide Calo-jets, defined in Section 3, for 2016 (left), 2017 (middle), and 2018 (right) data. |
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Figure 1-c:
The measured HLT trigger efficiency as a function of the offline dijet mass for wide Calo-jets, defined in Section 3, for 2016 (left), 2017 (middle), and 2018 (right) data. |
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Figure 2:
Simulated signal shapes of narrow resonances from parton pairs quark-quark (dotted red curves), quark-gluon (dashed-dotted blue curves), and gluon-gluon (solid green curves) with masses of 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 TeV. The reconstructed dijet mass spectra are for wide Calo-jets. |
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Figure 3:
Dijet mass spectra for wide Calo-jets (points) compared to a parameterization of the background (solid curve) for the 2016 (upper left), 2017 (upper right), 2018 (lower left), and the combined (lower right) data sets. The horizontal lines on the data points in the upper panel show variable bin sizes, while the red bars in the lower panels show the bin-by-bin difference between the data and parameterization, normalized to the total uncertainty. |
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Figure 3-a:
Dijet mass spectra for wide Calo-jets (points) compared to a parameterization of the background (solid curve) for the 2016 (upper left), 2017 (upper right), 2018 (lower left), and the combined (lower right) data sets. The horizontal lines on the data points in the upper panel show variable bin sizes, while the red bars in the lower panels show the bin-by-bin difference between the data and parameterization, normalized to the total uncertainty. |
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Figure 3-b:
Dijet mass spectra for wide Calo-jets (points) compared to a parameterization of the background (solid curve) for the 2016 (upper left), 2017 (upper right), 2018 (lower left), and the combined (lower right) data sets. The horizontal lines on the data points in the upper panel show variable bin sizes, while the red bars in the lower panels show the bin-by-bin difference between the data and parameterization, normalized to the total uncertainty. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-c:
Dijet mass spectra for wide Calo-jets (points) compared to a parameterization of the background (solid curve) for the 2016 (upper left), 2017 (upper right), 2018 (lower left), and the combined (lower right) data sets. The horizontal lines on the data points in the upper panel show variable bin sizes, while the red bars in the lower panels show the bin-by-bin difference between the data and parameterization, normalized to the total uncertainty. |
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Figure 3-d:
Dijet mass spectra for wide Calo-jets (points) compared to a parameterization of the background (solid curve) for the 2016 (upper left), 2017 (upper right), 2018 (lower left), and the combined (lower right) data sets. The horizontal lines on the data points in the upper panel show variable bin sizes, while the red bars in the lower panels show the bin-by-bin difference between the data and parameterization, normalized to the total uncertainty. |
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Figure 4:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section ($ \sigma $), branching fraction ($ B $), and acceptance ($ A $) for dijet resonances decaying to quark-quark (upper left), quark-gluon (upper right), and gluon-gluon (lower). The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to the predicted cross sections for new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [1], axigluons [2], excited quarks [3,5], scalar diquarks [4], colorons [6], color-octet scalars [9], and DM mediators for the couplings $ g_{\mathrm{q}}= $ 0.25 and $ g_{\mathrm{DM}}= $ 1, and dark matter mass $ M_{\text{DM}}= $ 1 GeV [14,12]. |
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Figure 4-a:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section ($ \sigma $), branching fraction ($ B $), and acceptance ($ A $) for dijet resonances decaying to quark-quark (upper left), quark-gluon (upper right), and gluon-gluon (lower). The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to the predicted cross sections for new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [1], axigluons [2], excited quarks [3,5], scalar diquarks [4], colorons [6], color-octet scalars [9], and DM mediators for the couplings $ g_{\mathrm{q}}= $ 0.25 and $ g_{\mathrm{DM}}= $ 1, and dark matter mass $ M_{\text{DM}}= $ 1 GeV [14,12]. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-b:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section ($ \sigma $), branching fraction ($ B $), and acceptance ($ A $) for dijet resonances decaying to quark-quark (upper left), quark-gluon (upper right), and gluon-gluon (lower). The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to the predicted cross sections for new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [1], axigluons [2], excited quarks [3,5], scalar diquarks [4], colorons [6], color-octet scalars [9], and DM mediators for the couplings $ g_{\mathrm{q}}= $ 0.25 and $ g_{\mathrm{DM}}= $ 1, and dark matter mass $ M_{\text{DM}}= $ 1 GeV [14,12]. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-c:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section ($ \sigma $), branching fraction ($ B $), and acceptance ($ A $) for dijet resonances decaying to quark-quark (upper left), quark-gluon (upper right), and gluon-gluon (lower). The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to the predicted cross sections for new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [1], axigluons [2], excited quarks [3,5], scalar diquarks [4], colorons [6], color-octet scalars [9], and DM mediators for the couplings $ g_{\mathrm{q}}= $ 0.25 and $ g_{\mathrm{DM}}= $ 1, and dark matter mass $ M_{\text{DM}}= $ 1 GeV [14,12]. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
Local $ p\text{-value} $, and the corresponding significance in standard deviations, for quark-quark (left), quark-gluon (middle), and gluon-gluon (right) resonances. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-a:
Local $ p\text{-value} $, and the corresponding significance in standard deviations, for quark-quark (left), quark-gluon (middle), and gluon-gluon (right) resonances. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-b:
Local $ p\text{-value} $, and the corresponding significance in standard deviations, for quark-quark (left), quark-gluon (middle), and gluon-gluon (right) resonances. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-c:
Local $ p\text{-value} $, and the corresponding significance in standard deviations, for quark-quark (left), quark-gluon (middle), and gluon-gluon (right) resonances. |
png pdf |
Figure 6:
The 95% CL upper limit on the universal quark coupling $ g_{\mathrm{q}}' $ as a function of resonance mass for a leptophobic Z' resonance that only couples to quarks. The observed limits (solid), expected limits (dashed), and their variation at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are shown. Current limits (black) are compared with previously published ones from CMS at 8 TeV [35] (blue) and 13 TeV [29] (red). |
| Summary |
| Calorimeter jets from data scouting have been used to search for dijet resonances with masses between 0.6 and 1.8 TeV. The dijet mass spectra are observed to be smoothly falling distributions, and no significant evidence for resonant particle production is found. Signal significances and upper limits are presented as functions of the resonance mass, on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance, for the individual cases of narrow quark-quark, quark-gluon, and gluon-gluon resonances that are applicable to any model of narrow dijet resonance production. The largest local significance is observed to be 2.2 standard deviations at a quark-quark resonance mass of 0.8 TeV. The limits exclude models of color-octet scalars, excited quarks, axigluons, colorons, scalar diquarks, W' and Z' bosons, and dark matter (DM) mediators, for the benchmark choices of the couplings, over the complete mass range considered. The limit on the coupling of DM mediators to quarks, in a simplified model of interactions between quarks and DM, is presented as a function of the mediator mass. The sensitivity of this search goes beyond what is expected from statistical scaling with the integrated luminosity alone, as a consequence of the use of fewer parameters in the background function within a more robust statistical procedure. |
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