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| CMS-PAS-HIG-17-023 | ||
| Search for invisible decays of the Higgs boson produced through vector boson fusion at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| March 2018 | ||
| Abstract: A search for invisible decays of the Higgs boson is performed using 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The search targets the production of the Higgs boson through vector boson fusion. The data are found to be in agreement with the predicted background contributions from standard model processes. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.28 (0.21), at 95% confidence level, is placed on the invisible branching fraction of the 125 GeV Higgs boson. Upper limits are also computed on the product of the cross section and branching fraction of a scalar Higgs boson-like particle, with mass ranging between 110 and 1000 GeV. Finally, a combination of several analyses searching for invisible decays of the Higgs boson, based on 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the CMS detector in 2016, is performed. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.24 (0.18) is placed on the invisible branching fraction. This result is also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models, setting upper bounds on the spin-independent dark matter-nucleon scattering cross section. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
inSPIRE record ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, PLB 793 (2019) 520. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Feynman diagrams for the main production processes targeted in the searches considered in the combination: qq $\to $ qqH (left), qq $\to $ VH (center), and gg $\to $ gH (right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Feynman diagrams for the main production processes targeted in the searches considered in the combination: qq $\to $ qqH (left), qq $\to $ VH (center), and gg $\to $ gH (right). |
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Figure 1-b:
Feynman diagrams for the main production processes targeted in the searches considered in the combination: qq $\to $ qqH (left), qq $\to $ VH (center), and gg $\to $ gH (right). |
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Figure 1-c:
Feynman diagrams for the main production processes targeted in the searches considered in the combination: qq $\to $ qqH (left), qq $\to $ VH (center), and gg $\to $ gH (right). |
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Figure 2:
The $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distributions in the dimuon (left) and dielectron (right) control samples. Data are compared to the simulation, before (dashed red) and after (solid blue) performing the fit. Signal region data are not included in the fit. The filled histograms indicate all processes other than ${\mathrm {Z}(\ell \ell)}$+jets (QCD). The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. Ratios of data and the pre-fit background (red points) and the post-fit background prediction (blue points) are shown. The gray band indicates the overall post-fit uncertainty. The lowest panel shows the distribution of the differences between data and the post-fit background prediction relative to the quadrature sum of the post-fit uncertainty and the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 2-a:
The $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distributions in the dimuon (left) and dielectron (right) control samples. Data are compared to the simulation, before (dashed red) and after (solid blue) performing the fit. Signal region data are not included in the fit. The filled histograms indicate all processes other than ${\mathrm {Z}(\ell \ell)}$+jets (QCD). The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. Ratios of data and the pre-fit background (red points) and the post-fit background prediction (blue points) are shown. The gray band indicates the overall post-fit uncertainty. The lowest panel shows the distribution of the differences between data and the post-fit background prediction relative to the quadrature sum of the post-fit uncertainty and the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 2-b:
The $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distributions in the dimuon (left) and dielectron (right) control samples. Data are compared to the simulation, before (dashed red) and after (solid blue) performing the fit. Signal region data are not included in the fit. The filled histograms indicate all processes other than ${\mathrm {Z}(\ell \ell)}$+jets (QCD). The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. Ratios of data and the pre-fit background (red points) and the post-fit background prediction (blue points) are shown. The gray band indicates the overall post-fit uncertainty. The lowest panel shows the distribution of the differences between data and the post-fit background prediction relative to the quadrature sum of the post-fit uncertainty and the statistical uncertainty in data. |
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Figure 3:
The $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distributions in the single-muon (left) and single-electron (right) control samples. Data are compared to the simulation, before (dashed red) and after (solid blue) performing the fit. Signal region data are not included in the fit. The filled histograms indicate all processes other than ${\mathrm {W}(\ell \nu)}$+jets (QCD). The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. The description of the lower panels is as in Fig. xxxxx. |
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Figure 3-a:
The $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distributions in the single-muon (left) and single-electron (right) control samples. Data are compared to the simulation, before (dashed red) and after (solid blue) performing the fit. Signal region data are not included in the fit. The filled histograms indicate all processes other than ${\mathrm {W}(\ell \nu)}$+jets (QCD). The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. The description of the lower panels is as in Fig. xxxxx. |
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Figure 3-b:
The $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distributions in the single-muon (left) and single-electron (right) control samples. Data are compared to the simulation, before (dashed red) and after (solid blue) performing the fit. Signal region data are not included in the fit. The filled histograms indicate all processes other than ${\mathrm {W}(\ell \nu)}$+jets (QCD). The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. The description of the lower panels is as in Fig. xxxxx. |
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Figure 4:
The observed $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distribution of the shape analysis signal region compared to the post-fit backgrounds from various SM processes. On the left, the predicted backgrounds are obtained from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples but excluding the signal region. On the right, the predicted backgrounds are obtained from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples, as well as in the signal region, assuming the absence of any signal. Expected signal distributions for a 125 GeV Higgs boson produced through ggH and qqH modes, and decaying exclusively to invisible particles, are overlaid. The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. The description of the ratio panels is the same as in Fig. xxxxx. |
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Figure 4-a:
The observed $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distribution of the shape analysis signal region compared to the post-fit backgrounds from various SM processes. On the left, the predicted backgrounds are obtained from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples but excluding the signal region. On the right, the predicted backgrounds are obtained from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples, as well as in the signal region, assuming the absence of any signal. Expected signal distributions for a 125 GeV Higgs boson produced through ggH and qqH modes, and decaying exclusively to invisible particles, are overlaid. The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. The description of the ratio panels is the same as in Fig. xxxxx. |
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Figure 4-b:
The observed $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ distribution of the shape analysis signal region compared to the post-fit backgrounds from various SM processes. On the left, the predicted backgrounds are obtained from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples but excluding the signal region. On the right, the predicted backgrounds are obtained from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples, as well as in the signal region, assuming the absence of any signal. Expected signal distributions for a 125 GeV Higgs boson produced through ggH and qqH modes, and decaying exclusively to invisible particles, are overlaid. The last bin includes all events with $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} > $ 3.5 TeV. The description of the ratio panels is the same as in Fig. xxxxx. |
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Figure 5:
The observed $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ (left) and $ {\Delta \eta _{\mathrm {jj}}} $ (right) distributions in the signal region of the cut-and-count analysis compared to the post-fit backgrounds from various SM processes. The predicted background normalizations are obtained either from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples but excluding the signal region (solid stack) or from a background-only fit performed across signal and control regions (dark blue line). Expected signal distributions for a 125 GeV Higgs boson produced through ggH and qqH modes, and decaying exclusively to invisible particles, are overlaid. |
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Figure 5-a:
The observed $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ (left) and $ {\Delta \eta _{\mathrm {jj}}} $ (right) distributions in the signal region of the cut-and-count analysis compared to the post-fit backgrounds from various SM processes. The predicted background normalizations are obtained either from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples but excluding the signal region (solid stack) or from a background-only fit performed across signal and control regions (dark blue line). Expected signal distributions for a 125 GeV Higgs boson produced through ggH and qqH modes, and decaying exclusively to invisible particles, are overlaid. |
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Figure 5-b:
The observed $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ (left) and $ {\Delta \eta _{\mathrm {jj}}} $ (right) distributions in the signal region of the cut-and-count analysis compared to the post-fit backgrounds from various SM processes. The predicted background normalizations are obtained either from a combined fit to the data in all the control samples but excluding the signal region (solid stack) or from a background-only fit performed across signal and control regions (dark blue line). Expected signal distributions for a 125 GeV Higgs boson produced through ggH and qqH modes, and decaying exclusively to invisible particles, are overlaid. |
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Figure 6:
Expected (dashed line) and observed (solid line) 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} /\sigma _{\mathrm {SM}}$ for a SM-like Higgs boson particle as a function of its mass ($m_{\mathrm {H}}$). Limits are shown for both the shape (black) and the cut-and-count (blue) analyses. The 68 and 95% CL intervals around the expected upper limits for the shape analysis are also reported. |
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Figure 7:
On the left, observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} / \sigma _{\mathrm {SM}}$ for both individual categories targeting qqH, Z$(\ell \ell)$H, V$(qq')$H and ggH production model, as well as their combination, assuming a SM Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. On the right, profile likelihood ratios as a function of $ {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} $. The solid curves represent the observations in data, while the dashed lines represent the expected result assuming the absence of any signal. The observed and expected likelihood scans are reported for the full combination, as well as for the individual qqH, Z$(\ell \ell $)H, V$(qq')$H and ggH tagged analyses. |
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Figure 7-a:
On the left, observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} / \sigma _{\mathrm {SM}}$ for both individual categories targeting qqH, Z$(\ell \ell)$H, V$(qq')$H and ggH production model, as well as their combination, assuming a SM Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. On the right, profile likelihood ratios as a function of $ {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} $. The solid curves represent the observations in data, while the dashed lines represent the expected result assuming the absence of any signal. The observed and expected likelihood scans are reported for the full combination, as well as for the individual qqH, Z$(\ell \ell $)H, V$(qq')$H and ggH tagged analyses. |
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Figure 7-b:
On the left, observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} / \sigma _{\mathrm {SM}}$ for both individual categories targeting qqH, Z$(\ell \ell)$H, V$(qq')$H and ggH production model, as well as their combination, assuming a SM Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. On the right, profile likelihood ratios as a function of $ {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} $. The solid curves represent the observations in data, while the dashed lines represent the expected result assuming the absence of any signal. The observed and expected likelihood scans are reported for the full combination, as well as for the individual qqH, Z$(\ell \ell $)H, V$(qq')$H and ggH tagged analyses. |
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Figure 8:
On the left, observed 95% CL upper limits on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})}$ for a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, whose production cross sections varies as a function of the coupling modifiers $\kappa _{V}$ and $\kappa _{F}$. Their best estimate, along with the 68 and 95% CL contours from Ref. [4], are also reported. The SM prediction corresponds to $\kappa _{V} = \kappa _{F} = $ 1. On the right, 90% CL upper limits on the spin-independent DM-nucleon scattering cross section in Higgs-portal models assuming a scalar (red solid line) or fermion (orange solid line) DM candidate. Limits are computed as a function of $m_{\chi}$ and are compared to those from LUX [67], Panda-X II [68], CDMSlite [69] and CRESST-II [70] experiments. |
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Figure 8-a:
On the left, observed 95% CL upper limits on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})}$ for a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, whose production cross sections varies as a function of the coupling modifiers $\kappa _{V}$ and $\kappa _{F}$. Their best estimate, along with the 68 and 95% CL contours from Ref. [4], are also reported. The SM prediction corresponds to $\kappa _{V} = \kappa _{F} = $ 1. On the right, 90% CL upper limits on the spin-independent DM-nucleon scattering cross section in Higgs-portal models assuming a scalar (red solid line) or fermion (orange solid line) DM candidate. Limits are computed as a function of $m_{\chi}$ and are compared to those from LUX [67], Panda-X II [68], CDMSlite [69] and CRESST-II [70] experiments. |
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Figure 8-b:
On the left, observed 95% CL upper limits on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})}$ for a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, whose production cross sections varies as a function of the coupling modifiers $\kappa _{V}$ and $\kappa _{F}$. Their best estimate, along with the 68 and 95% CL contours from Ref. [4], are also reported. The SM prediction corresponds to $\kappa _{V} = \kappa _{F} = $ 1. On the right, 90% CL upper limits on the spin-independent DM-nucleon scattering cross section in Higgs-portal models assuming a scalar (red solid line) or fermion (orange solid line) DM candidate. Limits are computed as a function of $m_{\chi}$ and are compared to those from LUX [67], Panda-X II [68], CDMSlite [69] and CRESST-II [70] experiments. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of the kinematic selections used to define the signal region for both the shape and the cut-and-count analyses. |
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Table 2:
Experimental and theoretical sources of systematic uncertainties on the V+jets transfer factors, which enter in the simultaneous fit used to estimate V+jets (QCD) and V+jets (EW) backgrounds as constrained nuisance parameters. In addition, the impact on the fitted signal strength, $\sigma {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H}\rightarrow \mathrm {inv})} /\sigma _{\mathrm {SM}}$, is also reported in the last column after performing the ${m_{\mathrm {jj}}}$ shape analysis fit to the observed data across signal and control regions. |
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Table 3:
Expected event yields in each $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}} $ bin for various background processes in the signal region of the shape analysis. The background yields and the corresponding uncertainties are obtained after performing a combined fit to data in all the control samples, but excluding data in the signal region. The "other backgrounds'' includes QCD multijet and ${\mathrm {Z}(\ell \ell)}$+jets processes. The expected total signal contribution for the 125 GeV Higgs boson, decaying exclusively to invisible particles, and the observed event yields are also reported. |
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Table 4:
Expected event yields in the signal region and in the control samples of the cut-and-count analysis for various SM processes. The background yields and the corresponding uncertainties are obtained from a combined fit to data in all the control samples, but excluding data in the signal region. The expected total signal contribution for the 125 GeV Higgs boson, decaying exclusively to invisible particles, and the observed event yields are also reported. |
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Table 5:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the invisible branching fraction of the Higgs boson, obtained in the shape and cut-and-count analyses. The one and two standard deviation uncertainty range on the expected limits is reported. The signal composition expected in the signal region is also shown. |
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Table 6:
Analyses used in this combination, showing final state, expected signal composition along with their observed and expected upper limits on the Higgs invisible branching fraction. The relative contributions assume SM production cross sections. |
| Summary |
|
A search for invisible decays of the Higgs boson is presented using 13 TeV proton-proton collision data, collected by the CMS experiment in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ . The search targets events in which the Higgs boson is produced through vector boson fusion (VBF). The data are found to be consistent with the predicted standard model (SM) backgrounds. An observed (expected) upper limit of 0.28 (0.21) is set, at 95% confidence level (CL), on the invisible branching fraction, ${\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\rightarrow \mathrm{inv})} $, of the 125 GeV Higgs boson. Furthermore, upper limits are also set on the product of the cross section and branching fraction of a SM-like Higgs boson particle, with mass ranging between 110 and 1000 GeV. Finally, a combination of searches for a Higgs boson decaying to invisible particles, using 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the CMS detector during 2016, is presented. The combination includes searches targeting Higgs boson production in the qqH, ZH (in which a Z boson decays to $\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$), VH (in which the vector boson decays hadronically) and ggH modes. The VBF search represents, by far, the most sensitive channel involved in the combination. No significant deviations from the SM predictions are observed in any of these searches. The combination yields an observed (expected) upper limit on ${\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\rightarrow \mathrm{inv})} $ of 0.24 (0.18) at 95% CL, assuming SM production of the Higgs boson. The observed 90% CL limit of ${\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H}\rightarrow \mathrm{inv})} < $ 0.2 is interpreted in terms of Higgs-portal models of dark matter (DM) interactions. Constraints are placed on the spin-independent DM-nucleon interaction cross section. When compared to the upper bounds from direct detection experiments, this limit provides the strongest constraints on fermion (scalar) DM particles with masses smaller than about 20 (7) GeV. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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