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| CMS-HIG-16-016 ; CERN-EP-2016-249 | ||
| Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 7, 8, and 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 28 October 2016 | ||
| JHEP 02 (2017) 135 | ||
| Abstract: Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson are presented. The data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC correspond to integrated luminosities of 5.1, 19.7, and 2.3 fb$^{-1}$ at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, respectively. The search channels target Higgs boson production via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and in association with a vector boson. Upper limits are placed on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles, as a function of the assumed production cross sections. The combination of all channels, assuming standard model production, yields an observed (expected) upper limit on the invisible branching fraction of 0.24 (0.23) at the 95% confidence level. The results are also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1610.09218 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Feynman diagrams for the three production processes targeted in the search for invisible Higgs boson decays: (upper left) $\mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ q } \to \mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ H } $, (upper right) $ {\mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ \bar{q} } } \to \mathrm {V}\mathrm{ H } $, and (bottom) $\mathrm{g} \mathrm{g} \to \mathrm{g} \mathrm{ H } $. |
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Figure 1-a:
Feynman diagram for one of the three production processes targeted in the search for invisible Higgs boson decays: $\mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ q } \to \mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ H } $. |
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Figure 1-b:
Feynman diagram for one of the three production processes targeted in the search for invisible Higgs boson decays: $ {\mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ \bar{q} } } \to \mathrm {V}\mathrm{ H } $. |
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Figure 1-c:
Feynman diagram for one of the three production processes targeted in the search for invisible Higgs boson decays: $\mathrm{g} \mathrm{g} \to \mathrm{g} \mathrm{ H } $. |
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Figure 2:
Feynman diagrams for the $\mathrm{ gg \to ZH}$ production processes involving a coupling between (left) the top quark and the Higgs boson or (right) the Z and Higgs bosons. |
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Figure 2-a:
Feynman diagram for the $\mathrm{ gg \to ZH}$ production process involving a coupling between the top quark and the Higgs boson. |
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Figure 2-b:
Feynman diagram for the $\mathrm{ gg \to ZH}$ production process involving a coupling between the Z and Higgs bosons. |
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Figure 3:
Distributions of (left) $ {{\Delta \eta (\mathrm {j_{1},j_{2}})}}$ and (right) $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}}$ in events selected in the VBF analysis for data and simulation at 13 TeV. The background yields are scaled to their post-fit values, with the total post-fit uncertainty represented as the black hatched area. The last bin contains the overflow events. The expected contribution from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, produced with the SM cross section and decaying to invisible particles with 100% branching fraction, is overlaid. |
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Figure 3-a:
Distribution of $ {{\Delta \eta (\mathrm {j_{1},j_{2}})}}$ in events selected in the VBF analysis for data and simulation at 13 TeV. The background yields are scaled to their post-fit values, with the total post-fit uncertainty represented as the black hatched area. The last bin contains the overflow events. The expected contribution from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, produced with the SM cross section and decaying to invisible particles with 100% branching fraction, is overlaid. |
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Figure 3-b:
Distribution of $ {m_{\mathrm {jj}}}$ in events selected in the VBF analysis for data and simulation at 13 TeV. The background yields are scaled to their post-fit values, with the total post-fit uncertainty represented as the black hatched area. The last bin contains the overflow events. The expected contribution from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, produced with the SM cross section and decaying to invisible particles with 100% branching fraction, is overlaid. |
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Figure 4:
Distributions of $ {m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in data and simulation for events in the (left) 0-jet and (right) 1-jet categories of the $ {{\mathrm{ Z } } (\ell ^+\ell ^-)}$ analysis at 13 TeV, combining dielectron and dimuon events. The background yields are normalised to 2.3 fb$^{-1}$. The shaded bands represent the total statistical and systematic uncertainties in the backgrounds. The horizontal bars on the data points represent the width of the bin centred at that point. The expectation from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, from ZH production, decaying to invisible particles with a 100% branching fraction is shown in red. |
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Figure 4-a:
Distribution of $ {m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in data and simulation for events in the 0-jetcategory of the $ {{\mathrm{ Z } } (\ell ^+\ell ^-)}$ analysis at 13 TeV, combining dielectron and dimuon events. The background yields are normalised to 2.3 fb$^{-1}$. The shaded band represents the total statistical and systematic uncertainties in the backgrounds. The horizontal bars on the data points represent the width of the bin centred at that point. The expectation from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, from ZH production, decaying to invisible particles with a 100% branching fraction is shown in red. |
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Figure 4-b:
Distribution of $ {m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in data and simulation for events in the 1-jet category of the $ {{\mathrm{ Z } } (\ell ^+\ell ^-)}$ analysis at 13 TeV, combining dielectron and dimuon events. The background yields are normalised to 2.3 fb$^{-1}$. The shaded band represents the total statistical and systematic uncertainties in the backgrounds. The horizontal bars on the data points represent the width of the bin centred at that point. The expectation from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, from ZH production, decaying to invisible particles with a 100% branching fraction is shown in red. |
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Figure 5:
Distributions of $ {E_{\mathrm {T}}^{\text {miss}}} $ in data and predicted background contributions in the (left) $ {\textrm {V}(\mathrm {jj})}$ and (right) monojet channels at 13 TeV. The background prediction is taken from a fit using only the control regions and the shaded bands represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the backgrounds after that fit. The horizontal bars on the data points represent the width of the bin centred at that point. The expectations from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV decaying to invisible particles with a branching fraction of 100% are superimposed. |
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Figure 5-a:
Distribution of $ {E_{\mathrm {T}}^{\text {miss}}} $ in data and predicted background contributions in the $ {\textrm {V}(\mathrm {jj})}$ channel at 13 TeV. The background prediction is taken from a fit using only the control regions and the shaded bands represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the backgrounds after that fit. The horizontal bars on the data points represent the width of the bin centred at that point. The expectations from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV decaying to invisible particles with a branching fraction of 100% are superimposed. |
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Figure 5-b:
Distribution of $ {E_{\mathrm {T}}^{\text {miss}}} $ in data and predicted background contributions in the monojet channel at 13 TeV. The background prediction is taken from a fit using only the control regions and the shaded bands represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the backgrounds after that fit. The horizontal bars on the data points represent the width of the bin centred at that point. The expectations from a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV decaying to invisible particles with a branching fraction of 100% are superimposed. |
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Figure 6:
Observed and expected 95% CL limits on $ {\sigma {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})} /\sigma (\mathrm {SM})} $ for individual combinations of categories targeting qqH, VH, and ggH production, and the full combination assuming a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. |
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Figure 7:
Profile likelihood ratio as a function of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming SM production cross sections of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. The solid curves represent the observations in data and the dashed curves represent the expected result assuming no invisible decays of the Higgs boson. (left) The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the 7+8 and 13 TeV analyses, and the full combination. (right) The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the qqH-tagged, VH-tagged, and ggH-tagged analyses, and the full combination. |
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Figure 7-a:
Profile likelihood ratio as a function of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming SM production cross sections of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. The solid curves represent the observations in data and the dashed curves represent the expected result assuming no invisible decays of the Higgs boson. The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the 7+8 and 13 TeV analyses, and the full combination. |
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Figure 7-b:
Profile likelihood ratio as a function of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming SM production cross sections of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. The solid curves represent the observations in data and the dashed curves represent the expected result assuming no invisible decays of the Higgs boson. The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the qqH-tagged, VH-tagged, and ggH-tagged analyses, and the full combination. |
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Figure 8:
Observed 95% CL upper limits on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV whose production cross sections are scaled, relative to their SM values as a function of the coupling modifiers $\kappa _{F}$ and $\kappa _{V}$. The best-fit, and 68 and 95% confidence level regions for $\kappa _{F}$ and $\kappa _{V}$ from Ref. [4] are superimposed as the solid and dashed white contours, respectively. The SM prediction (yellow diamond) corresponds to $\kappa _{F}=\kappa _{V}=$ 1. |
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Figure 9:
Limits on the spin-independent DM-nucleon scattering cross section in Higgs-portal models assuming a scalar or fermion DM particle. The dashed lines show the variation in the exclusion limit using alternative values for $f_{\mathrm {N}}$ as described in the text. The limits are given at the 90% CL to allow for comparison to direct detection constraints from the LUX [94], PandaX-II [95], and CDMSlite [96] experiments. |
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Figure 10:
Profile likelihood ratio as a function of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming SM production cross sections of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. The solid curves represent the observations in data and the dashed curves represent the expected result assuming no invisible decays of the Higgs boson. (left) The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the 7+8 and 13 TeV analyses, and the full combination. (right) The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the VBF-tagged, VH-tagged, and ggH-tagged analyses, and the full combination. |
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Figure 10-a:
Profile likelihood ratio as a function of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming SM production cross sections of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. The solid curves represent the observations in data and the dashed curves represent the expected result assuming no invisible decays of the Higgs boson. The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the 7+8 and 13 TeV analyses, and the full combination. |
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Figure 10-b:
Profile likelihood ratio as a function of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming SM production cross sections of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV. The solid curves represent the observations in data and the dashed curves represent the expected result assuming no invisible decays of the Higgs boson. The observed and expected likelihood scans for the partial combinations of the VBF-tagged, VH-tagged, and ggH-tagged analyses, and the full combination. |
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Figure 11:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV whose production cross sections are scaled, relative to their SM values as a function of (left) $\kappa _{V}$, fixing $\kappa _{F}=$ 1 and (right) $\kappa _{F}$, fixing $\kappa _{V}= $ 1. |
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Figure 11-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV whose production cross sections are scaled, relative to their SM values as a function of $\kappa _{V}$, fixing $\kappa _{F}=$ 1. |
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Figure 11-b:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV whose production cross sections are scaled, relative to their SM values as a function of $\kappa _{F}$, fixing $\kappa _{V}= $ 1. |
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Figure 12:
Observed 95% CL upper limits on ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ assuming a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV whose production cross sections are scaled, relative to their SM values, by $\mu _{\mathrm{g} \mathrm{g} \mathrm{ H } }$ and $\mu _{\mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ H },\mathrm {V}\mathrm{ H } }$. The SM (yellow diamond) is attained for $\mu _{\mathrm{g} \mathrm{g} \mathrm{ H } }=\mu _{\mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ q } \mathrm{ H },\mathrm {V}\mathrm{ H } }=$ 1. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of the expected composition of production modes of a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV in each analysis included in the combination. The relative contributions assume SM production cross sections. |
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Table 2:
Event selections for the VBF invisible Higgs boson decay search at 8 and 13 TeV. |
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Table 3:
Post-fit yields for the control regions and signal region of the VBF analysis using the 13 TeV data set. The fit ignores the constraints due to the data in the signal region. For the W and Z processes, jet production through QCD or EW vertices are listed as separate entries. The signal yields shown assume SM ggH and qqH production rates for a Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV, decaying to invisible particles with $ {\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})} =$ 100%. |
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Table 4:
Event selections for the $ {{\mathrm{ Z } } (\ell ^+\ell ^-)}$ invisible Higgs boson search using the 7, 8, and 13 TeV data sets. The $ {{\Delta \phi ( \vec{p}_{\mathrm {T}}^{\text {miss}},\mathrm {j})}}$ requirement is applied only in the 1-jet category. |
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Table 5:
Predicted signal and background yields and observed number of events after full selection in the 13 TeV $ {{\mathrm{ Z } } (\ell ^+\ell ^-)}$-tagged analysis. The numbers are given for the 0-jet and 1-jet categories, separately for the $ {\mathrm{ e }^{+} \mathrm{ e }^{-} } $ and $ {\mu^{+} \mu^{-} } $ final states. The uncertainties include statistical and systematic components. The signal prediction assumes a SM ZH production rate for a Higgs boson with the mass of 125 GeV and a 100% branching fraction to invisible particles. |
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Table 6:
Event selections for the $ {\textrm {V}(\mathrm {jj})}$ and monojet invisible Higgs boson decay searches using the 8 and 13 TeV data sets. The requirements on $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm {j}}$ and $ {| \eta | }^{\mathrm {j}}$ refer to the highest ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (large-radius) jet in the monojet ($ {\textrm {V}(\mathrm {jj})}$) events. The 8 TeV analysis uses only the leading jet in the definition of $ \text{min} \Delta \phi ( \vec{p}_{\mathrm {T}}^{\text {miss}},\mathrm {j})$. In the 8 TeV number of jets $\mathrm {N}_{\mathrm {j}}$ selection, events with one additional jet are allowed if this additional jet falls within $\Delta \phi $ of the leading jet as described in the text. |
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Table 7:
Dominant sources of systematic uncertainties and their impact on the fitted value of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ in the VBF analysis at 13 TeV. The systematic uncertainties are split into common uncertainties and those specific to the signal model. The total systematic uncertainty, the total uncertainty fixing all constrained nuisance parameters to their maximum likelihood estimates (statistical only), and the total uncertainty are also given. |
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Table 8:
Dominant sources of systematic uncertainties and their impact on the fitted value of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ in the $ {{\mathrm{ Z } } (\ell ^+\ell ^-)}$ analysis at 13 TeV. The systematic uncertainties are split into common uncertainties and those specific to the signal model. The total systematic uncertainty, the total uncertainty fixing all constrained nuisance parameters to their maximum likelihood estimates (statistical only), and the total uncertainty are also given. |
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Table 9:
Dominant sources of systematic uncertainties and their impact on the fitted value of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ in the ${\textrm {V}(\mathrm {jj})} $ analysis at 13 TeV. The systematic uncertainties are split into common uncertainties and those specific to the signal model. The total systematic uncertainty, the total uncertainty fixing all constrained nuisance parameters to their maximum likelihood estimates (statistical only), and the total uncertainty are also given. |
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Table 10:
Dominant sources of systematic uncertainties and their impact on the fitted value of ${\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{ H } \to \text {inv})}$ in the monojet analysis at 13 TeV. The systematic uncertainties are split into common uncertainties and those specific to the signal model. The total systematic uncertainty, the total uncertainty fixing all constrained nuisance parameters to their maximum likelihood estimates (statistical only), and the total uncertainty are also given. |
| Summary |
| A combination of searches for a Higgs boson decaying to invisible particles using proton-proton collision data collected during 2011, 2012, and 2015, at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, respectively, is presented. The combination includes searches targeting Higgs boson production in the ZH mode, in which a Z boson decays to $\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ or $\mathrm{ b \bar{b} }$, and the qqH mode, which is the most sensitive channel. The combination also includes the first searches at CMS targeting VH production, in which the vector boson decays hadronically, and the ggH mode in which the Higgs boson is produced in association with jets. No significant deviations from the SM predictions are observed and upper limits are placed on the branching fraction for the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles. The combination of all searches yields an observed (expected) upper limit on ${\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{ H }\to \text{inv})}$ of 0.24 (0.23) at the 95% confidence level, assuming SM production of the Higgs boson. The combined 90% confidence level limit of $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{ H }\to \text{inv}) < $ 0.20 has been interpreted in Higgs-portal models and constraints are placed on the spin-independent DM-nucleon interaction cross section. These limits provide stronger constraints than those from direct detection experiments for DM masses below roughly 20 (5) GeV, assuming a fermion (scalar) DM particle, within the context of Higgs-portal models. |
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