Compact Muon Solenoid
LHC, CERN
Visit us: CMS Public Website, CMS Physics ;
Contact us: CMS Publications Committee
| CMS-EXO-16-052 ; CERN-EP-2017-259 | ||
| Search for new physics in events with a leptonically decaying Z boson and a large transverse momentum imbalance in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 31 October 2017 | ||
| Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 291 | ||
| Abstract: A search for new physics in events with a Z boson produced in association with large missing transverse momentum at the LHC is presented. The search is based on the 2016 data sample of proton-proton collisions recorded with the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The results of this search are interpreted in terms of a simplified model of dark matter production via spin-0 or spin-1 mediators, a scenario with a standard-model-like Higgs boson produced in association with the Z boson and decaying invisibly, a model of unparticle production, and a model with large extra spatial dimensions. No significant deviations from the background expectations are found, and limits are set on relevant model parameters, significantly extending the results previously achieved in this channel. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1711.00431 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
png pdf |
Figure 1:
Feynman diagrams illustrative of the processes beyond the SM considered in this paper: (upper left) DM production in a simplified model with a spin-1 mediator Z'; (upper right) DM production in a simplified model with a spin-0 mediator $\phi $; (lower left) production of a Higgs boson in association with Z boson with subsequent decay of the Higgs boson into invisible particles; (lower right) unparticle or graviton production. The diagrams were drawn using the TikZ-Feynman package [11]. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-a:
Feynman diagram illustrative of the processes beyond the SM considered in this paper: DM production in a simplified model with a spin-1 mediator Z'. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-b:
Feynman diagram illustrative of the processes beyond the SM considered in this paper: DM production in a simplified model with a spin-0 mediator $\phi $. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-c:
Feynman diagram illustrative of the processes beyond the SM considered in this paper: production of a Higgs boson in association with Z boson with subsequent decay of the Higgs boson into invisible particles. |
png pdf |
Figure 1-d:
Feynman diagram illustrative of the processes beyond the SM considered in this paper: unparticle or graviton production. |
png pdf |
Figure 2:
Emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $ distribution in data and simulation for the $\mathrm{W} \mathrm{Z} \to 3 {\ell}\nu $ (upper left) and ${\mathrm{Z}} {\mathrm{Z}} \to 4 {\ell}$ (upper right) CRs, and the ratio between both distributions (lower). No events are observed with emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} > $ 500 GeV in either channel. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-a:
Emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $ distribution in data and simulation for the $\mathrm{W} \mathrm{Z} \to 3 {\ell}\nu $ CR, and the ratio between both distributions. No events are observed with emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} > $ 500 GeV. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-b:
Emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $ distribution in data and simulation for the ${\mathrm{Z}} {\mathrm{Z}} \to 4 {\ell}$ CR, and the ratio between both distributions. No events are observed with emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} > $ 500 GeV. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-c:
Ratio between the emulated $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $ distributions for the $\mathrm{W} \mathrm{Z} \to 3 {\ell}\nu $ and ${\mathrm{Z}} {\mathrm{Z}} \to 4 {\ell}$ CRs in data and simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 3:
Distribution of the BDT classifier in the diboson CRs: (left) WZ CR; (right) ZZ CR. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-a:
Distribution of the BDT classifier in the WZ CR. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-b:
Distribution of the BDT classifier in the ZZ CR. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 4:
Distribution of the $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $ in the combination of the ee and $\mu \mu $ channels after the full selection. The last bin also includes any events with $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} > $ 600 GeV. The uncertainty band includes both statistical and systematic components. The $ {\mathrm{Z} {\mathrm {H}}(\mathrm {inv.})}$ signal normalization assumes SM production rates and the branching fraction $\mathcal {B}({\mathrm {H}}\to {\rm inv.}) = $ 1. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
The 95% CL expected and observed limits on $\sigma _{\rm obs}/\sigma _{\rm theo}$ for the vector (left) and axial-vector (right) mediators with $g_{\mathrm{q}}=$ 0.25 and $g_{\rm DM} = $ 1. Limits are not shown for far off-shell ($2m_{\rm DM} > 1.5 m_{\rm med}$) regions of the parameter space. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-a:
The 95% CL expected and observed limits on $\sigma _{\rm obs}/\sigma _{\rm theo}$ for the axial-vector mediator with $g_{\mathrm{q}}=$ 0.25 and $g_{\rm DM} = $ 1. Limits are not shown for far off-shell ($2m_{\rm DM} > 1.5 m_{\rm med}$) regions of the parameter space. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-b:
The 95% CL expected and observed limits on $\sigma _{\rm obs}/\sigma _{\rm theo}$ for the vector (left) and axial-vector (right) mediators with $g_{\mathrm{q}}=$ 0.25 and $g_{\rm DM} = $ 1. Limits are not shown for far off-shell ($2m_{\rm DM} > 1.5 m_{\rm med}$) regions of the parameter space. |
png pdf |
Figure 6:
The 95% CL expected and observed limits on $\sigma _{\rm obs}/\sigma _{\rm theo}$ for the scalar (left) and pseudoscalar (right) mediated DM scenario with $g_{\mathrm{q}}=g_{\rm DM}=$ 1. The limits are parameterized as a function of mediator mass $m_{\rm med}$ for a fixed dark matter mass $m_{\rm DM} = $ 1 GeV. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-a:
The 95% CL expected and observed limits on $\sigma _{\rm obs}/\sigma _{\rm theo}$ for the scalar mediated DM scenario with $g_{\mathrm{q}}=g_{\rm DM}=$ 1. The limits are parameterized as a function of mediator mass $m_{\rm med}$ for a fixed dark matter mass $m_{\rm DM} = $ 1 GeV. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
The 95% CL expected and observed limits on $\sigma _{\rm obs}/\sigma _{\rm theo}$ for the pseudoscalar mediated DM scenario with $g_{\mathrm{q}}=g_{\rm DM}=$ 1. The limits are parameterized as a function of mediator mass $m_{\rm med}$ for a fixed dark matter mass $m_{\rm DM} = $ 1 GeV. |
png pdf |
Figure 7:
Observed 90% CL limits on the DM-nucleon scattering cross sections in both spin-independent (left) and spin-dependent (right) cases, assuming a mediator-quark coupling constant $g_{\mathrm{q}} = $ 0.25 and mediator-DM coupling constant $g_{\rm DM} = $ 1. Limits from the CRESST-II [88], CDMSLite [89], PandaX-II [90], LUX [91], and XENON1T [92] experiments are shown for the spin-independent case (vector couplings). Limits from the PICASSO [93], PICO-60 [94], Super-Kamiokande [95], and IceCube [96,97] experiments are shown for the spin-dependent case (axial-vector couplings). |
png pdf |
Figure 7-a:
Observed 90% CL limits on the DM-nucleon scattering cross section in the spin-independent spin-dependent case, assuming a mediator-quark coupling constant $g_{\mathrm{q}} = $ 0.25 and mediator-DM coupling constant $g_{\rm DM} = $ 1. Limits from the CRESST-II [88], CDMSLite [89], PandaX-II [90], LUX [91], and XENON1T [92] experiments are shown (vector couplings). |
png pdf |
Figure 7-b:
Observed 90% CL limits on the DM-nucleon scattering cross section in the spin-independent spin-dependent case, assuming a mediator-quark coupling constant $g_{\mathrm{q}} = $ 0.25 and mediator-DM coupling constant $g_{\rm DM} = $ 1. Limits from the PICASSO [93], PICO-60 [94], Super-Kamiokande [95], and IceCube [96,97] experiments are shown (axial-vector couplings). |
png pdf |
Figure 8:
Post-fit distribution of the BDT classifier in the multivariate analysis signal region for the SM H(inv.) decay hypothesis with ${\cal B}({\rm H \to inv.}) = $ 100%. Uncertainty bands correspond to the combined statistical and systematic components. |
png pdf |
Figure 9:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the production cross section and the branching fraction, $\sigma _{{\rm qq} \to {{\mathrm{Z}} {\mathrm {H}}}} \times \mathcal {B}({\mathrm {H}}\to {\rm inv.})$, as a function of the SM-like Higgs boson mass. The limits consider only quark-induced Higgs boson production. In addition, for the SM (125 GeV) Higgs boson, the limit on branching fraction assuming SM production rate (considering also gluon fusion) is presented. The vertical gray line indicates that the result at $m_ {\mathrm {H}} = $ 125 GeV should not be read from the plot, as the gluon contribution is known for that point. |
png pdf |
Figure 10:
The 95% CL upper limits on the Wilson coefficient $\lambda / {{\Lambda} _{\textsf {U}}} ^{{d_{\textsf {U}}} -1}$ of the unparticle-quark coupling operator. The results from an earlier CMS search in the same final state [35] are shown for comparison. |
png pdf |
Figure 11:
Expected and observed 95% CL cross section exclusion limits for the example case $n= $ 4 in the ADD scenario (left) and exclusion limits on $M_{\rm D}$ for different values of $n$ (right). In both plots, the markers for the expected exclusion are obscured by the close overlap with those for the observed exclusion. The red solid line in the left plot shows the theoretical cross section for the case $n = $ 4. Cross sections are calculated in the fiducial phase space of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\rm G} > $ 50 GeV. The vertical line in the left plot shows the projection onto the $M_{\rm D}$ axis of the intersection of the theory curve with the expected and observed exclusion limits. |
png pdf |
Figure 11-a:
Expected and observed 95% CL cross section exclusion limits for the example case $n= $ 4 in the ADD scenario. The markers for the expected exclusion are obscured by the close overlap with those for the observed exclusion. The red solid line shows the theoretical cross section for the case $n = $ 4. Cross sections are calculated in the fiducial phase space of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\rm G} > $ 50 GeV. The vertical line shows the projection onto the $M_{\rm D}$ axis of the intersection of the theory curve with the expected and observed exclusion limits. |
png pdf |
Figure 11-b:
Exclusion limits on $M_{\rm D}$ for different values of $n$. The markers for the expected exclusion are obscured by the close overlap with those for the observed exclusion. Cross sections are calculated in the fiducial phase space of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\rm G} > $ 50 GeV. |
png pdf |
Figure A1:
Correlations between the estimated background yields in the signal region $p_\mathrm {T}^\mathrm {miss}$ bins. The correlations are obtained after performing a combined fit to data in all control regions, but excluding data in the signal region. Since the correlation matrix is symmetric by construction, the part below the diagonal is not shown. |
png pdf |
Figure A2:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on $\mathcal {B}(\mathrm {H} \to {\rm inv.})$, assuming SM Higgs boson production cross sections, as a function of the Higgs boson mass. |
| Tables | |
png pdf |
Table 1:
Summary of the kinematic selections for the signal region of both the the $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $-based analysis and the BDT analysis. Where the selections for the two analyses differ, the BDT requirement is given in parentheses. |
png pdf |
Table 2:
Summary of the systematic uncertainties for the ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} $- and BDT-based analyses. Each uncertainty represents the variation of the relative yields of the processes in the SR. Each uncertainty is fully correlated across processes to which it contributes, including those processes that are also present in CRs. The symbol "---'' indicates that the systematic uncertainty does not contribute or is deemed negligible. For minor backgrounds, systematic uncertainties are omitted because of the smallness of their contribution. For shape uncertainties (indicated with a *), the numbers correspond to the overall effect of the shape variation on the yield or acceptance. The impact on the expected upper limit for the signal strength, i.e., the relative decrease in the median expected upper limit for the signal strength upon removing the nuisance term, is evaluated with respect to the SM H(inv.) signal and presented in the last column. In this column the number in parentheses shows the impact on the BDT-based analysis, if different from that for the ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}} $-based analysis. The last part of the table provides the additional uncertainties in the BDT-based analysis. |
png pdf |
Table 3:
Signal predictions, post-fit background estimates, and observed numbers of events in the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $-based analysis. The combined statistical and systematic uncertainties are reported. |
png pdf |
Table 4:
Expected event yields in each $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}^{\mathrm {miss}}} $ bin for the sum of background processes in the SR. The background yields and their corresponding uncertainties are obtained after performing a fit to data. Two sets of background yields are reported: one from a background-only fit to data in both the SR and the CRs, and one from a fit to data in all CRs, but excluding data in the SR. The observed numbers of events in each bin are also included. |
| Summary |
| A search for new physics in events with a leptonically decaying Z boson and large missing transverse momentum has been presented. The search is based on a data set of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS experiment in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV. No evidence for physics beyond the standard model is found. Compared to the previous search in the same final state [27], the exclusion limits on dark matter and mediator masses are significantly extended for spin-1 mediators in the simplified model interpretation, and exclusion limits for unparticles are also extended. Results for dark matter production via spin-0 mediators in the simplified model interpretation, as well as graviton emission in a model with large extra dimensions, are presented in this final state for the first time. In the case of invisible decays of a standard-model-like Higgs boson, the upper limit of 40% on their branching fraction is set at 95% confidence level, using data not included in the previously published combined analysis [32]. |
| References | ||||
| 1 | G. Hinshaw et al. | Nine-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: Cosmological parameter results | Astrophys. J. Suppl. 208 (2013) 19 | 1212.5226 |
| 2 | P. Cushman et al. | Snowmass CF1 summary: WIMP dark matter direct detection | 1310.8327 | |
| 3 | J. Buckley et al. | Indirect dark matter detection CF2 working group summary | 1310.7040 | |
| 4 | M. Beltran et al. | Maverick dark matter at colliders | JHEP 09 (2010) 037 | 1002.4137 |
| 5 | J. Goodman et al. | Constraints on light Majorana dark matter from colliders | PLB 695 (2011) 185 | 1005.1286 |
| 6 | Y. Bai, P. J. Fox, and R. Harnik | The Tevatron at the frontier of dark matter direct detection | JHEP 12 (2010) 048 | 1005.3797 |
| 7 | J. Goodman et al. | Constraints on dark matter from colliders | PRD 82 (2010) 116010 | 1008.1783 |
| 8 | P. J. Fox, R. Harnik, J. Kopp, and Y. Tsai | Missing energy signatures of dark matter at the LHC | PRD 85 (2012) 056011 | 1109.4398 |
| 9 | A. Rajaraman, W. Shepherd, T. M. P. Tait, and A. M. Wijangco | LHC bounds on interactions of dark matter | PRD 84 (2011) 095013 | 1108.1196 |
| 10 | D. Abercrombie et al. | Dark matter benchmark models for early LHC Run-2 searches: Report of the ATLAS/CMS dark matter forum | 1507.00966 | |
| 11 | J. Ellis | TikZ-Feynman: Feynman diagrams with TikZ | CPC 210 (2017) 103 | 1601.05437 |
| 12 | ATLAS Collaboration | Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC | PLB 716 (2012) 1 | 1207.7214 |
| 13 | CMS Collaboration | Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC | PLB 716 (2012) 30 | CMS-HIG-12-028 1207.7235 |
| 14 | CMS Collaboration | Observation of a new boson with mass near 125 GeV in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 7 and 8 TeV | JHEP 06 (2013) 081 | CMS-HIG-12-036 1303.4571 |
| 15 | D. Ghosh et al. | Looking for an invisible Higgs signal at the LHC | PLB 725 (2013) 344 | 1211.7015 |
| 16 | S. P. Martin and J. D. Wells | Motivation and detectability of an invisibly decaying Higgs boson at the Fermilab Tevatron | PRD 60 (1999) 035006 | hep-ph/9903259 |
| 17 | Y. Bai, P. Draper, and J. Shelton | Measuring the invisible Higgs width at the 7 and 8 TeV LHC | JHEP 07 (2012) 192 | 1112.4496 |
| 18 | G. F. Giudice, R. Rattazzi, and J. D. Wells | Graviscalars from higher dimensional metrics and curvature Higgs mixing | NPB 595 (2001) 250 | hep-ph/0002178 |
| 19 | M. Battaglia, D. Dominici, J. F. Gunion, and J. D. Wells | The invisible Higgs decay width in the ADD model at the LHC | hep-ph/0402062 | |
| 20 | N. Arkani-Hamed, S. Dimopoulos, and G. R. Dvali | The hierarchy problem and new dimensions at a millimeter | PLB 429 (1998) 263 | hep-ph/9803315 |
| 21 | N. Arkani-Hamed, S. Dimopoulos, and G. R. Dvali | Phenomenology, astrophysics and cosmology of theories with submillimeter dimensions and TeV scale quantum gravity | PRD 59 (1999) 086004 | hep-ph/9807344 |
| 22 | T. Han, J. D. Lykken, and R.-J. Zhang | On Kaluza-Klein states from large extra dimensions | PRD 59 (1999) 105006 | hep-ph/9811350 |
| 23 | T. Banks and A. Zaks | On the phase structure of vector-like gauge theories with massless fermions | NPB 196 (1982) 189 | |
| 24 | Z. Kang | Upgrading sterile neutrino dark matter to FI$ m $P using scale invariance | EPJC 75 (2015) 471 | 1411.2773 |
| 25 | M. Rinaldi, G. Cognola, L. Vanzo, and S. Zerbini | Inflation in scale-invariant theories of gravity | PRD 91 (2015) 123527 | 1410.0631 |
| 26 | H. Cheng | The possible existence of Weyl's vector meson | PRL 61 (1988) 2182 | |
| 27 | CMS Collaboration | Search for dark matter and unparticles in events with a Z boson and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | JHEP 03 (2017) 061 | CMS-EXO-16-010 1701.02042 |
| 28 | ATLAS Collaboration | Search for dark matter at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV in final states containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector | EPJC 77 (2017) 393 | 1704.03848 |
| 29 | ATLAS Collaboration | Measurement of detector-corrected observables sensitive to the anomalous production of events with jets and large missing transverse momentum in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector | submitted to \it EPJC\/ | 1707.03263 |
| 30 | CMS Collaboration | Search for dark matter produced with an energetic jet or a hadronically decaying W or Z boson at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | JHEP 07 (2017) 014 | CMS-EXO-16-037 1703.01651 |
| 31 | ATLAS Collaboration | Constraints on new phenomena via Higgs boson couplings and invisible decays with the ATLAS detector | JHEP 11 (2015) 206 | 1509.00672 |
| 32 | CMS Collaboration | Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 7 , 8, and 13 TeV | JHEP 02 (2017) 135 | CMS-HIG-16-016 1610.09218 |
| 33 | CMS Collaboration | Search for dark matter, extra dimensions, and unparticles in monojet events in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV | EPJC 75 (2015) 235 | CMS-EXO-12-048 1408.3583 |
| 34 | ATLAS Collaboration | Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in $ pp $ collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector | PRD 94 (2016) 032005 | 1604.07773 |
| 35 | CMS Collaboration | Search for dark matter and unparticles produced in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV | PRD 93 (2015) 052011 | CMS-EXO-12-054 1511.09375 |
| 36 | CMS Collaboration | The CMS trigger system | JINST 12 (2017) P01020 | CMS-TRG-12-001 1609.02366 |
| 37 | CMS Collaboration | The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC | JINST 3 (2008) S08004 | CMS-00-001 |
| 38 | S. Alioli, P. Nason, C. Oleari, and E. Re | NLO vector-boson production matched with shower in POWHEG | JHEP 07 (2008) 060 | 0805.4802 |
| 39 | P. Nason | A new method for combining NLO QCD with shower Monte Carlo algorithms | JHEP 11 (2004) 040 | hep-ph/0409146 |
| 40 | S. Frixione, P. Nason, and C. Oleari | Matching NLO QCD computations with parton shower simulations: the POWHEG method | JHEP 11 (2007) 070 | 0709.2092 |
| 41 | S. Alioli, P. Nason, C. Oleari, and E. Re | A general framework for implementing NLO calculations in shower Monte Carlo programs: the POWHEG BOX | JHEP 06 (2010) 043 | 1002.2581 |
| 42 | J. M. Campbell and R. K. Ellis | MCFM for the Tevatron and the LHC | NPPS 205-206 (2010) 10 | 1007.3492 |
| 43 | J. Alwall et al. | The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations | JHEP 07 (2014) 079 | 1405.0301 |
| 44 | O. Mattelaer and E. Vryonidou | Dark matter production through loop-induced processes at the LHC: the $ s $-channel mediator case | EPJC 75 (2015) 436 | 1508.00564 |
| 45 | M. Backovi\'c, M. Kramer, F. Maltoni, A. Martini, K. Mawatari, and M. Pellen | Higher-order QCD predictions for dark matter production at the LHC in simplified models with $ s $-channel mediators | EPJC 75 (2015) 482 | 1508.05327 |
| 46 | M. Neubert, J. Wang, and C. Zhang | Higher-order QCD predictions for dark matter production in mono-$ Z $ searches at the LHC | JHEP 02 (2016) 082 | 1509.05785 |
| 47 | G. Busoni et al. | Recommendations on presenting LHC searches for missing transverse energy signals using simplified $ s $-channel models of dark matter | 1603.04156 | |
| 48 | T. Sjostrand, S. Mrenna, and P. Z. Skands | A brief introduction to PYTHIA 8.1 | CPC 178 (2008) 852 | 0710.3820 |
| 49 | S. Ask | Simulation of $ Z $ plus graviton/unparticle production at the LHC | EPJC 60 (2009) 509 | 0809.4750 |
| 50 | S. Ask et al. | Real emission and virtual exchange of gravitons and unparticles in PYTHIA8 | CPC 181 (2010) 1593 | 0912.4233 |
| 51 | CMS Collaboration | Event generator tunes obtained from underlying event and multiparton scattering measurements | EPJC 76 (2016) 155 | CMS-GEN-14-001 1512.00815 |
| 52 | J. Alwall et al. | Comparative study of various algorithms for the merging of parton showers and matrix elements in hadronic collisions | EPJC 53 (2008) 473 | 0706.2569 |
| 53 | R. Frederix and S. Frixione | Merging meets matching in MC@NLO | JHEP 12 (2012) 061 | 1209.6215 |
| 54 | NNPDF Collaboration | Parton distributions for the LHC Run II | JHEP 04 (2015) 040 | 1410.8849 |
| 55 | GEANT4 Collaboration | GEANT4---a simulation toolkit | NIMA 506 (2003) 250 | |
| 56 | CMS Collaboration | Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector | JINST 12 (2017) P10003 | CMS-PRF-14-001 1706.04965 |
| 57 | M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez | The anti-$ k_t $ jet clustering algorithm | JHEP 04 (2008) 063 | 0802.1189 |
| 58 | M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez | FastJet user manual | EPJC 72 (2012) 1896 | 1111.6097 |
| 59 | CMS Collaboration | Performance of electron reconstruction and selection with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 8 TeV | JINST 10 (2015) 06005 | CMS-EGM-13-001 1502.02701 |
| 60 | CMS Collaboration | The performance of the CMS muon detector in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 7 TeV at the LHC | JINST 8 (2013) P11002 | CMS-MUO-11-001 1306.6905 |
| 61 | M. Cacciari and G. P. Salam | Pileup subtraction using jet areas | PLB 659 (2008) 119 | 0707.1378 |
| 62 | M. Cacciari and G. P. Salam | Dispelling the $ N^{3} $ myth for the $ k_{t} $ jet-finder | PLB 641 (2006) 57 | hep-ph/0512210 |
| 63 | G. S. M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam | The catchment area of jets | JHEP 04 (2008) 005 | 0802.1188 |
| 64 | CMS Collaboration | Determination of jet energy calibration and transverse momentum resolution in CMS | JINST 6 (2011) P11002 | CMS-JME-10-011 1107.4277 |
| 65 | CMS Collaboration | Jet energy scale and resolution in the CMS experiment in pp collisions at 8 TeV | JINST 12 (2017) P02014 | CMS-JME-13-004 1607.03663 |
| 66 | CMS Collaboration | Performance of missing energy reconstruction in 13 TeV pp collision data using the CMS detector | CMS-PAS-JME-16-004 | CMS-PAS-JME-16-004 |
| 67 | CMS Collaboration | Identification of b-quark jets with the CMS experiment | JINST 8 (2013) 04013 | CMS-BTV-12-001 1211.4462 |
| 68 | CMS Collaboration | Identification of b quark jets at the CMS Experiment in the LHC Run 2 | CMS-PAS-BTV-15-001 | CMS-PAS-BTV-15-001 |
| 69 | CMS Collaboration | Reconstruction and identification of $ \tau $ lepton decays to hadrons and $ \nu_\tau $ at CMS | JINST 11 (2016) P01019 | CMS-TAU-14-001 1510.07488 |
| 70 | Particle Data Group, C. Patrignani et al. | Review of particle physics | CPC 40 (2016) 100001 | |
| 71 | J. C. Collins and D. E. Soper | Angular distribution of dileptons in high-energy hadron collisions | PRD 16 (1977) 2219 | |
| 72 | M. Grazzini, S. Kallweit, D. Rathlev, and M. Wiesemann | $ W^{\pm}Z $ production at hadron colliders in NNLO QCD | PLB 761 (2016) 179 | 1604.08576 |
| 73 | J. Baglio, L. D. Ninh, and M. M. Weber | Massive gauge boson pair production at the LHC: A next-to-leading order story | PRD 88 (2013) 113005 | 1307.4331 |
| 74 | M. Grazzini, S. Kallweit, and D. Rathlev | ZZ production at the LHC: fiducial cross sections and distributions in NNLO QCD | PLB 750 (2015) 407 | 1507.06257 |
| 75 | A. Bierweiler, T. Kasprzik, and J. H. Kahn | Vector-boson pair production at the LHC to $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^3) $ accuracy | JHEP 12 (2013) 071 | 1305.5402 |
| 76 | S. Gieseke, T. Kasprzik, and J. H. Kuhn | Vector-boson pair production and electroweak corrections in HERWIG++ | EPJC 74 (2014) 2988 | 1401.3964 |
| 77 | J. M. Campbell, R. K. Ellis, and C. Williams | Vector boson pair production at the LHC | JHEP 07 (2011) 18 | 1105.0020 |
| 78 | LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group | Handbook of LHC Higgs cross sections | technical report | 1101.0593 |
| 79 | J. Butterworth et al. | PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC Run II | JPG 43 (2016) 023001 | 1510.03865 |
| 80 | CMS Collaboration | Measurement of the inclusive W and Z production cross sections in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 7 TeV | JHEP 10 (2011) 132 | CMS-EWK-10-005 1107.4789 |
| 81 | ATLAS Collaboration | Measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross section at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC | PRL 117 (2016) 182002 | 1606.02625 |
| 82 | CMS Collaboration | CMS luminosity measurements for the 2016 data taking period | CMS-PAS-LUM-17-001 | CMS-PAS-LUM-17-001 |
| 83 | CMS Collaboration | Simplified likelihood for the re-interpretation of public CMS results | CDS | |
| 84 | T. Junk | Confidence level computation for combining searches with small statistics | NIMA 434 (1999) 435 | hep-ex/9902006 |
| 85 | A. L. Read | Presentation of search results: the $ CL_{s} $ technique | JPG 28 (2002) 2693 | |
| 86 | G. Cowan, K. Cranmer, E. Gross, and O. Vitells | Asymptotic formulae for likelihood-based tests of new physics | EPJC 71 (2011) 1554 | 1007.1727 |
| 87 | ATLAS and CMS Collaborations, LHC Higgs Combination Group | Procedure for the LHC Higgs boson search combination in Summer 2011 | ATL-PHYS-PUB-2011-11, CMS NOTE 2011/005 | |
| 88 | CRESST Collaboration | Results on light dark matter particles with a low-threshold CRESST-II detector | EPJC 76 (2016) 25 | 1509.01515 |
| 89 | SuperCDMS Collaboration | New results from the search for low-mass weakly interacting massive particles with the CDMS low ionization threshold experiment | PRL 116 (2016) 071301 | 1509.02448 |
| 90 | PandaX-II Collaboration | Dark matter results from 54-ton-day exposure of PandaX-II experiment | 1708.06917 | |
| 91 | LUX Collaboration | Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure | PRL 118 (2017), no. 2, 021303 | 1608.07648 |
| 92 | XENON Collaboration | First dark matter search results from the XENON1T experiment | Submitted to PRLett | 1705.06655 |
| 93 | PICASSO Collaboration | Final results of the PICASSO dark matter search experiment | Astropart. Phys. 90 (2017) 85 | 1611.01499 |
| 94 | PICO Collaboration | Dark matter search results from the PICO-60 C$ _3 $F$ _8 $ bubble chamber | PRL 118 (2017) 251301 | 1702.07666 |
| 95 | Super-Kamiokande Collaboration | Search for neutrinos from annihilation of captured low-mass dark matter particles in the Sun by Super-Kamiokande | PRL 114 (2015) 141301 | 1503.04858 |
| 96 | IceCube Collaboration | Search for annihilating dark matter in the Sun with 3 years of IceCube data | EPJC 77 (2017) 146 | 1612.05949 |
| 97 | IceCube Collaboration | Improved limits on dark matter annihilation in the Sun with the 79-string IceCube detector and implications for supersymmetry | JCAP 04 (2016) 022 | 1601.00653 |
|
|
Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
|
|
|
|
|
|