CMS-B2G-20-004

CMS-B2G-20-004 ; CERN-EP-2024-030
Search for resonant pair production of Higgs bosons in the $\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}$ final state using large-area jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
CMS Collaboration
18 July 2024
JHEP 02 (2025) 040
Abstract: A search is presented for the resonant production of a pair of standard model-like Higgs bosons using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016-2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb $^{-1}$ . The final state consists of two b quark-antiquark pairs. The search is conducted in the region of phase space where at least one of the pairs is highly Lorentz-boosted and is reconstructed as a single large-area jet. The other pair may be either similarly merged or resolved, the latter reconstructed using two b-tagged jets. The data are found to be consistent with standard model processes and are interpreted as 95% confidence level upper limits on the product of the cross sections and the branching fractions of the spin-0 radion and the spin-2 bulk graviton that arise in warped extradimensional models. The limits set are in the range 9.74-0.29 fb and 4.94-0.19 fb for a narrow radion and a graviton, respectively, with masses between 1 and 3 TeV. For a radion and for a bulk graviton with widths 10% of their masses, the limits are in the range 12.5-0.35 fb and 8.23-0.23 fb, respectively, for the same masses. These limits result in the exclusion of a narrow-width graviton with a mass below 1.2 TeV, and of narrow and 10%-width radions with masses below 2.6, and 2.9 TeV, respectively.
Links: e-print arXiv:2407.13872 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ;

Figures & Tables	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: A diagram showing tight-tight (TT, purple) and loose-loose (LL, blue) pass regions (solid) and their corresponding fail regions (dash-dotted).
png pdf	Figure 2: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the LL signal region, projected onto the plane of leading jet mass $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and corrected HH mass $m_\text{HH}$ (right) axes, together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV. For this and following figures, the value of $\sigma$ in the lower panel is $\sigma = \sqrt{\sigma_\text{bkg}^2 + \sigma_\text{data}^2}$ , where $\sigma_\text{bkg}$ is the total uncertainty in the background and $\sigma_\text{data}$ is the statistical uncertainty associated with the number of data events in a particular bin.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the LL signal region, projected onto the plane of leading jet mass $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and corrected HH mass $m_\text{HH}$ (right) axes, together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV. For this and following figures, the value of $\sigma$ in the lower panel is $\sigma = \sqrt{\sigma_\text{bkg}^2 + \sigma_\text{data}^2}$ , where $\sigma_\text{bkg}$ is the total uncertainty in the background and $\sigma_\text{data}$ is the statistical uncertainty associated with the number of data events in a particular bin.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the LL signal region, projected onto the plane of leading jet mass $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and corrected HH mass $m_\text{HH}$ (right) axes, together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV. For this and following figures, the value of $\sigma$ in the lower panel is $\sigma = \sqrt{\sigma_\text{bkg}^2 + \sigma_\text{data}^2}$ , where $\sigma_\text{bkg}$ is the total uncertainty in the background and $\sigma_\text{data}$ is the statistical uncertainty associated with the number of data events in a particular bin.
png pdf	Figure 3: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the TT signal region, projected onto the $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and $m_\text{HH}$ (right) axes, together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV.
png pdf	Figure 3-a: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the TT signal region, projected onto the $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and $m_\text{HH}$ (right) axes, together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV.
png pdf	Figure 3-b: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the TT signal region, projected onto the $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and $m_\text{HH}$ (right) axes, together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV.
png pdf	Figure 4: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the semi-resolved signal region, projected onto the $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and $m_\text{HH}$ together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV.
png pdf	Figure 4-a: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the semi-resolved signal region, projected onto the $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and $m_\text{HH}$ together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV.
png pdf	Figure 4-b: Slices of 2D distributions of observed events and the post-fit templates in the semi-resolved signal region, projected onto the $m_{\text{J}_{1}}$ (left) and $m_\text{HH}$ together with the signal expected for a radion of mass 1.5 TeV.
png pdf	Figure 5: The observed (solid black line) and expected (dashed black line) upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma(\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{X}) \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{X}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}})$ for a narrow spin-0 radion (left, corresponding to $\Lambda_{\text{R}}=$ 3 TeV) and a narrow width spin-2 bulk graviton (right, corresponding to $k/\overline{M}_\text{Pl} =$ 0.5) models. The green (yellow) bands represent one (two) standard deviations from the expected limit. The predicted theoretical cross sections for the narrow radion and bulk graviton are also shown.
png pdf	Figure 5-a: The observed (solid black line) and expected (dashed black line) upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma(\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{X}) \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{X}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}})$ for a narrow spin-0 radion (left, corresponding to $\Lambda_{\text{R}}=$ 3 TeV) and a narrow width spin-2 bulk graviton (right, corresponding to $k/\overline{M}_\text{Pl} =$ 0.5) models. The green (yellow) bands represent one (two) standard deviations from the expected limit. The predicted theoretical cross sections for the narrow radion and bulk graviton are also shown.
png pdf	Figure 5-b: The observed (solid black line) and expected (dashed black line) upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma(\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{X}) \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{X}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}})$ for a narrow spin-0 radion (left, corresponding to $\Lambda_{\text{R}}=$ 3 TeV) and a narrow width spin-2 bulk graviton (right, corresponding to $k/\overline{M}_\text{Pl} =$ 0.5) models. The green (yellow) bands represent one (two) standard deviations from the expected limit. The predicted theoretical cross sections for the narrow radion and bulk graviton are also shown.
png pdf	Figure 6: The observed (solid black line) and expected (dashed black line) upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma(\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{X}) \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{X}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}})$ for the 10%-width spin-0 radion (left) and the 10%-width spin-2 bulk graviton (right) models. The green (yellow) bands represent one (two) standard deviations from the expected limit. The predicted theoretical cross sections for the 10%-width radion and bulk graviton are also shown.
png pdf	Figure 6-a: The observed (solid black line) and expected (dashed black line) upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma(\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{X}) \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{X}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}})$ for the 10%-width spin-0 radion (left) and the 10%-width spin-2 bulk graviton (right) models. The green (yellow) bands represent one (two) standard deviations from the expected limit. The predicted theoretical cross sections for the 10%-width radion and bulk graviton are also shown.
png pdf	Figure 6-b: The observed (solid black line) and expected (dashed black line) upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma(\mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{X}) \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{X}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}})$ for the 10%-width spin-0 radion (left) and the 10%-width spin-2 bulk graviton (right) models. The green (yellow) bands represent one (two) standard deviations from the expected limit. The predicted theoretical cross sections for the 10%-width radion and bulk graviton are also shown.

Tables
png pdf	Table 1: Event selection criteria for the fully-merged topology.
png pdf	Table 2: Event selection criteria for the semi-resolved topology.
png pdf	Table 3: Summary of the ranges within which the systematic uncertainties in the signal and background yields are varied in the combined fit of all ten regions for a radion resonance at 1500 GeV.

Summary

A search has been presented for the pair production of standard model Higgs bosons (HH) from the decay of a spin-0 radion or a spin-2 bulk graviton as predicted in warped extradimensional models, using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb

$^{-1}$ . The search is restricted to the case where each Higgs boson decays to a bottom quark-antiquark pair. It is conducted in the region of phase space where at least one of the Higgs bosons has a large Lorentz boost, so that the

$\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}$ decay products are collimated to form a single H jet. The search combines events with one H jet and two b jets with events having two H jets, thus adding sensitivity compared with previous analyses [46,48]. The results are interpreted in terms of upper limits on the product of the production cross section for the respective resonance particles and the branching fraction to

$\mathrm{H}\mathrm{H} \to \mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}}$ , at 95% confidence level. The upper limits range from 9.74 to 0.29 fb for a narrow radion and from 4.94 to 0.19 fb for a narrow bulk graviton, each having a mass of 1-3 TeV. Assuming a with of 10% for the radion and the graviton, the limits for the same masses are in the range 12.48-0.35 fb and 8.23-0.23 fb, respectively. As a result, the narrow-width graviton with

$m_{\mathrm{X}}$ below 1.2 TeV, and narrow and 10%-width radion with masses below 2.6 TeV, and 2.9 TeV, respectively, are excluded.

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