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| CMS-PAS-HIG-23-011 | ||
| Search for $ \gamma $H production in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV and constraintson the Yukawa couplings of light quarks to the Higgs boson using data from the CMS detector | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 24 September 2024 | ||
| Abstract: A search for $ \gamma $H production is performed with the data from the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $ at a proton-proton center-of-mass collision energy of 13 TeV. The analysis focuses on the topology of a boosted Higgs boson recoiling against a high-energy photon. The final states of H$ \to{\text b}\bar{\text b} $ and 4 $ \ell $ are analyzed. This study examines effective HZ$ \gamma $ and H$ \gamma\gamma $ anomalous couplings within the context of Effective Field Theory. In this approach, the production cross section for $ \gamma $H is constrained to be $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}} < $ 15.7 fb at 95% CL. Additionally, simultaneous constraints on four anomalous couplings involving HZ$ \gamma $ and H$ \gamma\gamma $ are provided. The production rate for H$ \to4\ell $ is also examined to assess potential enhancements in the Yukawa couplings between light quarks and the Higgs boson. Assuming the standard model Yukawa couplings for the bottom and top quarks, the following simultaneous constraints are obtained: $ \kappa_\mathrm{u}=$ (0.0 $ \pm $ 1.5 ) $\times$ 10$^{3} $, $ \kappa_\mathrm{d}=$ (0.0 $ \pm $ 7.1) $\times$ 10$^{2} $, $ \kappa_\mathrm{s}= $ 0$ ^{+33}_{-34} $, and $ \kappa_\mathrm{c}= $ 0.0$ ^{+2.7}_{-3.0} $, ruling out the hypothesis that up-type and down-type quarks in the first or second generation have the same Yukawa couplings as those in the third generation, with a CL greater than 95%. | ||
| Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Feynman diagrams describing $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ production at the LHC via a loop-generated $ \mathrm{H}\gamma\gamma $ or $ \mathrm{H}\mathrm{Z}\gamma $ interaction (left), with the dot representing an effective point-like coupling, and through H boson production in $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $ annihilation with photon radiation (right). The diagrams highlight the couplings of interest. |
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Figure 2:
The spectrum of the photon transverse momentum in $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ production, as generated by the leading-order diagrams shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The four distributions correspond to production resulting from couplings $ \kappa_\mathrm{q} $, $ c_{z\gamma} $ ($ \tilde{c}_{z\gamma} $), $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ ($ \tilde{c}_{\gamma\gamma} $), and $ c_{\mathrm{q}\gamma} $. |
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Figure 3:
Feynman diagrams describing the $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $ annihilation with production of $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ through a point-like EFT operator (left) and with photon production (right). |
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Figure 4:
Feynman diagrams describing the H boson production at LHC through direct $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $ annihilation (left) and gluon fusion production (right). |
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Figure 5:
Distributions of events for $ {\mathcal{D}}_{\text{bkg}} $ observable in the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories of the $ \mathrm{H}\to 4\ell $ candidate events. Observed events (black markers) and expectation from MC simulation (ZZ/Z$ \gamma^* $) or data-driven ($ \mathrm{Z}+\mathrm{X} $) background estimates (solid histograms) are shown. The $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to4\ell)= $ 1\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 5-a:
Distributions of events for $ {\mathcal{D}}_{\text{bkg}} $ observable in the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories of the $ \mathrm{H}\to 4\ell $ candidate events. Observed events (black markers) and expectation from MC simulation (ZZ/Z$ \gamma^* $) or data-driven ($ \mathrm{Z}+\mathrm{X} $) background estimates (solid histograms) are shown. The $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to4\ell)= $ 1\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 5-b:
Distributions of events for $ {\mathcal{D}}_{\text{bkg}} $ observable in the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories of the $ \mathrm{H}\to 4\ell $ candidate events. Observed events (black markers) and expectation from MC simulation (ZZ/Z$ \gamma^* $) or data-driven ($ \mathrm{Z}+\mathrm{X} $) background estimates (solid histograms) are shown. The $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to4\ell)= $ 1\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6-a:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6-b:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6-c:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6-d:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6-e:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 6-f:
The $ M_{\textrm{PNet}} $ distributions for the number of observed events (black markers) compared with the estimated backgrounds (filled histograms) in the $ \mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ channel. Fail (upper), medium (middle) and tight (lower) regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged (left) and Untagged (right) categories are shown. The two $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regions of the $ \gamma $-tagged category are combined in this figure. The signal contribution is shown with an open histogram for a hypothetical cross section of $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}}\times{\cal B}(\mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}})= $ 10\,fb for either the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (solid) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (dashed) coupling hypothesis. |
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Figure 7:
Constraints on $ \sigma_{\gamma H} $ from the combination of the $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ and 4 $ \ell $ channels. The results are shown with only $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ and $ \tilde{c}_{\gamma\gamma} $ floating in the fit (blue) and with all four couplings allowed to float (black). Observed (solid) and expected (dashed) likelihood scans are shown. The dashed horizontal lines show the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 8:
Constraints on the square of $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (or $ \tilde{c}_{\gamma\gamma} $) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (or $ \tilde{c}_{z\gamma} $) from the combination of the $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ and 4 $ \ell $ channels. The other couplings are either fixed to the null SM expectation (blue) or are left floating in the fit (red). Observed (solid) and expected (dashed) likelihood scans are shown. The dashed horizontal lines show the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 8-a:
Constraints on the square of $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (or $ \tilde{c}_{\gamma\gamma} $) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (or $ \tilde{c}_{z\gamma} $) from the combination of the $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ and 4 $ \ell $ channels. The other couplings are either fixed to the null SM expectation (blue) or are left floating in the fit (red). Observed (solid) and expected (dashed) likelihood scans are shown. The dashed horizontal lines show the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 8-b:
Constraints on the square of $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $ (or $ \tilde{c}_{\gamma\gamma} $) and $ c_{z\gamma} $ (or $ \tilde{c}_{z\gamma} $) from the combination of the $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ and 4 $ \ell $ channels. The other couplings are either fixed to the null SM expectation (blue) or are left floating in the fit (red). Observed (solid) and expected (dashed) likelihood scans are shown. The dashed horizontal lines show the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 9:
Constraints on $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ are shown using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel. In scenario one (black), all couplings except the one being shown are fixed at their SM values. In scenario two (blue), the Yukawa couplings for the three other light quarks are left unconstrained, and BSM contributions are allowed: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{Z}}^2\le $ 1 and $ \Gamma^\textrm{BSM}_\mathrm{H}\ge $ 0. Both observed (solid) and expected (dashed) constraints are presented. The dashed horizontal lines indicate the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 9-a:
Constraints on $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ are shown using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel. In scenario one (black), all couplings except the one being shown are fixed at their SM values. In scenario two (blue), the Yukawa couplings for the three other light quarks are left unconstrained, and BSM contributions are allowed: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{Z}}^2\le $ 1 and $ \Gamma^\textrm{BSM}_\mathrm{H}\ge $ 0. Both observed (solid) and expected (dashed) constraints are presented. The dashed horizontal lines indicate the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 9-b:
Constraints on $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ are shown using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel. In scenario one (black), all couplings except the one being shown are fixed at their SM values. In scenario two (blue), the Yukawa couplings for the three other light quarks are left unconstrained, and BSM contributions are allowed: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{Z}}^2\le $ 1 and $ \Gamma^\textrm{BSM}_\mathrm{H}\ge $ 0. Both observed (solid) and expected (dashed) constraints are presented. The dashed horizontal lines indicate the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 9-c:
Constraints on $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ are shown using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel. In scenario one (black), all couplings except the one being shown are fixed at their SM values. In scenario two (blue), the Yukawa couplings for the three other light quarks are left unconstrained, and BSM contributions are allowed: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{Z}}^2\le $ 1 and $ \Gamma^\textrm{BSM}_\mathrm{H}\ge $ 0. Both observed (solid) and expected (dashed) constraints are presented. The dashed horizontal lines indicate the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
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Figure 9-d:
Constraints on $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ are shown using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel. In scenario one (black), all couplings except the one being shown are fixed at their SM values. In scenario two (blue), the Yukawa couplings for the three other light quarks are left unconstrained, and BSM contributions are allowed: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{Z}}^2\le $ 1 and $ \Gamma^\textrm{BSM}_\mathrm{H}\ge $ 0. Both observed (solid) and expected (dashed) constraints are presented. The dashed horizontal lines indicate the 68% and 95% CL exclusion regions. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Observed and expected constraints on the $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ cross section $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}} $ and on the $ c_{\gamma\gamma} $, $ c_{z\gamma} $, $ \tilde{c}_{\gamma\gamma} $, $ \tilde{c}_{z\gamma} $ couplings using the $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b} \overline{\mathrm{b}} $ and 4 $ \ell $ channels combined. The third row shows constraints on cross section multiplied by the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ branching fraction using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel only. The 68% (central value with uncertainties) and 95% (upper limit or allowed intervals) CL exclusion regions are shown. |
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Table 2:
Central values of the input and derived parameters used in calculations involving Eqs. (4) and (5). The list of partons ($ p $) comprises gluons ($ \mathrm{g} $) and five quark flavors ($ \mathrm{q} $). All cross sections $ \sigma_i $ are computed for the inclusive on-shell H boson production using the SM values for all couplings, except for the specific coupling $ \kappa_{\mathrm{q}} $ that is explicitly mentioned. |
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Table 3:
Observed and expected constraints on the $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ couplings are shown using the $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ channel. In one scenario, all couplings except the one being shown are fixed at their SM values. In the other scenario, the Yukawa couplings for the three other light quarks are left unconstrained, and BSM contributions are allowed. The 68% CL (central value with error bars) and 95% CL (bracketed range or upper limit) exclusion regions are displayed. |
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Table 4:
Observed and expected constraints on the $ \bar\kappa_{\mathrm{u}} $, $ \bar\kappa_{\mathrm{d}} $, $ \bar\kappa_{\mathrm{s}} $, and $ \bar\kappa_{\mathrm{c}} $ defined as $ \bar\kappa_{\mathrm{q}}=\kappa_{\mathrm{q}}m_{\mathrm{q}}/m_{\mathrm{b}} $, following the same conventions as outlined in Table 3. |
| Summary |
| A search for $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ production is performed with the data from the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $ at a proton-proton center-of-mass collision energy of 13 TeV. The analysis focuses on the topology of a boosted Higgs boson recoiling against a high-energy photon. The final states of $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{b}\overline{\mathrm{b}} $ and 4 $ \ell $ are analyzed. This study examines effective $ \mathrm{H}\mathrm{Z}\gamma $ and $ \mathrm{H}\gamma\gamma $ anomalous couplings within the context of Effective Field Theory. In this approach, the production cross section for $ \gamma\mathrm{H} $ is constrained to be $ \sigma_{\gamma\mathrm{H}} < $ 15.7 fb at 95% CL. Additionally, simultaneous constraints on four anomalous couplings involving $ \mathrm{H}\mathrm{Z}\gamma $ and $ \mathrm{H}\gamma\gamma $ are provided. The production rate for $ \mathrm{H}\to4\ell $ is also examined to assess potential enhancements in the Yukawa couplings between light quarks and the Higgs boson. This includes examining modifications to both direct quark-antiquark annihilation and gluon fusion loop processes. Assuming the standard model Yukawa couplings for the bottom and top quarks, the following simultaneous constraints are obtained: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{u}}=$ (0.0 $ \pm $ 1.5) $\times$ 10$^{3} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{d}}=$ (0.0 $ \pm $ 7.1) $\times$ 10$^{2} $, $ \kappa_{\mathrm{s}}= $ 0$ ^{+33}_{-34} $, and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{c}}= $ 0.0$ ^{+2.7}_{-3.0} $, ruling out the hypothesis that up-type and down-type quarks in the first or second generation have the same Yukawa couplings as those in the third generation, with a CL greater than 95%. |
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