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| CMS-PAS-EXO-19-012 | ||
| A search for dijet resonances in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with a new background prediction method | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| July 2019 | ||
| Abstract: Searches for narrow and broad resonances with a mass greater than 1.8 TeV decaying to a pair of jets are presented using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The background arising from standard model processes is predicted using two complementary data-driven methods. The dijet invariant mass spectrum is well described by both methods, and no significant evidence for the production of new particles is observed. Model independent upper limits at 95% confidence level are reported on the production cross section of narrow resonances, and broad resonances with widths up to 30% of the resonance mass, extending previous searches. The limits are applied to various models of narrow resonances and exclude, at 95% confidence level: string resonances with masses below 7.9 TeV, scalar diquarks below 7.5 TeV, axigluons and colorons below 6.6 TeV, excited quarks below 6.3 TeV, color-octet scalars below 3.7 TeV, W' bosons below 3.6 TeV, Z' bosons with SM-like couplings below 2.9 TeV and between 3.1 TeV and 3.3 TeV, Randall-Sundrum Gravitons below 2.6 TeV TeV, and dark matter mediators below 2.8 TeV. Limits on dark matter mediators are presented as a function of resonance mass and width, and equivalently coupling, which exclude at 95% confidence level a dark matter mediator with mass less than 4.7 TeV for a width equal to 25% of the mass. | ||
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These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, JHEP 05 (2020) 033. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures & Tables | Summary | Additional Figures | References | CMS Publications |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
The pseudorapidity separation between the two wide jets for the signal and control regions. Data (black points) are compared to QCD predictions from the PYTHIA -8 MC with detector simulation (red histogram) normalized to the data. A signal from an RS Graviton decaying into a quark and an anti-quark is also shown (blue histogram) normalized to the same number of events as the data. |
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Figure 2:
The dijet mass spectra of the data and PYTHIA simulation in the SR (black points and red histogram), $ {\mathrm {CR}_{\mathrm {middle}}} $ (triangles and blue line), and $ {\mathrm {CR}_{\mathrm {high}}} $ (crosses and magenta line). |
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Figure 3:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (red) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (green). The grouping of four observed jets into two wide jets (purple) is discussed in the text. |
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Figure 4:
Left: $ {R_{\mathrm {aux.}}} $ auxiliary transfer factor for data (black points), PYTHIA (blue line), and POWHEG with electroweak corrections added on the top, along with their ratio fitted with the correction function on the bottom (magenta line with 95% CL error band). Right: $ {R} $ transfer factor for data (black points), PYTHIA (blue line), POWHEG with electroweak corrections added (red line) and corrected PYTHIA (magenta line) shown on the top. The ratio of data to PYTHIA (black points) fitted with the correction function (blue line with 95% CL error band), along with the ratio of POWHEG with electroweak corrections added to PYTHIA (red line), and the ratio of corrected PYTHIA to uncorrected PYTHIA (magenta line) are shown on the bottom. The corrected PYTHIA transfer factor (magenta line) using $ {\mathrm {CR}_{\mathrm {middle}}} $ agrees with the data one (blue line). |
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Figure 4-a:
$ {R_{\mathrm {aux.}}} $ auxiliary transfer factor for data (black points), PYTHIA (blue line), and POWHEG with electroweak corrections added on the top, along with their ratio fitted with the correction function on the bottom (magenta line with 95% CL error band). |
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Figure 4-b:
$ {R} $ transfer factor for data (black points), PYTHIA (blue line), POWHEG with electroweak corrections added (red line) and corrected PYTHIA (magenta line) shown on the top. The ratio of data to PYTHIA (black points) fitted with the correction function (blue line with 95% CL error band), along with the ratio of POWHEG with electroweak corrections added to PYTHIA (red line), and the ratio of corrected PYTHIA to uncorrected PYTHIA (magenta line) are shown on the bottom. The corrected PYTHIA transfer factor (magenta line) using $ {\mathrm {CR}_{\mathrm {middle}}} $ agrees with the data one (blue line). |
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Figure 5:
Dijet mass spectrum in the signal region (points) compared to a fitted parameterization of the background (solid curve) and the one obtained from the control region (green squares). For the displayed signal a cross section at the 95% CL observed exclusion limit is being used. The lower panel shows the difference between the data and the fitted parametrization (red), and the data and the prediction obtained from the control region (green), divided by the statistical uncertainty of the data, which for the "ratio method" includes the one in $ {\mathrm {CR}_{\mathrm {high}}} $ as well. The ratio of the expected signal showed in the upper panel to the statistical uncertainty of the data is also shown for three different resonance masses and signals models. |
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Figure 6:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for dijet resonances decaying to quark-quark (top left), quark-gluon (top right), gluon-gluon (bottom left), and for RS Gravitons (bottom right). The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to predicted cross sections for string resonances [1,2], excited quarks [4,5], axigluons [6], colorons [8], scalar diquarks [3], color-octet scalars [9], new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [10], dark matter mediators for $ {m_{\text {DM}}} =$ 1 GeV [15,14], and RS Gravitons [11]. |
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Figure 6-a:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for dijet resonances decaying to quark-quark. The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to predicted cross sections for axigluons [6], scalar diquarks [3], new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [10], and dark matter mediators for $ {m_{\text {DM}}} =$ 1 GeV [15,14]. |
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Figure 6-b:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for dijet resonances decaying to quark-gluon. The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to predicted cross sections for string resonances [1,2], and excited quarks [4,5]. |
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Figure 6-c:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for dijet resonances decaying to gluon-gluon. The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to predicted cross sections for color-octet scalars [9]. |
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Figure 6-d:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for RS Gravitons. The corresponding expected limits (dashed) and their variations at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. Limits are compared to predicted cross sections for RS Gravitons [11]. |
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Figure 7:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for quark-quark, quark-gluon, and gluon-gluon type dijet resonances. Limits are compared to predicted cross sections for string resonances [1,2], excited quarks [4,5], axigluons [6], colorons [8], scalar diquarks [3], color-octet scalars [9], new gauge bosons W' and Z' with SM-like couplings [10], dark matter mediators for $ {m_{\text {DM}}} =$ 1 GeV [15,14], and RS Gravitons [11]. |
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Figure 8:
Local significance for a $\mathrm{q} \mathrm{q} $ resonance with the "ratio method" (blue) and the "fit method" (red). |
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Figure 9:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for spin 2 resonances produced and decaying in the quark-quark (upper left) and gluon-gluon (upper right) channels, as well as for spin 1 resonances decaying in the quark-quark channel (bottom), shown for various values of intrinsic width and resonance mass. |
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Figure 9-a:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for spin 2 resonances produced and decaying in the quark-quark channel, shown for various values of intrinsic width and resonance mass. |
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Figure 9-b:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for |
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Figure 9-c:
The observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance for spin 1 resonances decaying in the quark-quark channel, shown for various values of intrinsic width and resonance mass. |
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Figure 10:
The 95% CL upper limits on the universal quark coupling $ {g_{\mathrm {q}}} $ as a function of resonance mass for a vector mediator of interactions between quarks and DM particles (left), and quarks only (right). The dotted horizontal lines on the right plot show the coupling strength for which the cross section for dijet production in this model is the same as for a DM mediator for $ {g_{\mathrm {q}}} =$ 0.25. The right vertical axis shows the natural width of the mediator divided by its mass. The expected limits (dashed) and their variation at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. |
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Figure 10-a:
The 95% CL upper limits on the universal quark coupling $ {g_{\mathrm {q}}} $ as a function of resonance mass for a vector mediator of interactions between quarks and DM particles. The right vertical axis shows the natural width of the mediator divided by its mass. The expected limits (dashed) and their variation at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. |
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Figure 10-b:
The 95% CL upper limits on the universal quark coupling $ {g_{\mathrm {q}}} $ as a function of resonance mass for a vector mediator of interactions between quarks only. The dotted horizontal lines show the coupling strength for which the cross section for dijet production in this model is the same as for a DM mediator for $ {g_{\mathrm {q}}} =$ 0.25. The right vertical axis shows the natural width of the mediator divided by its mass. The expected limits (dashed) and their variation at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are also shown. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Observed and expected mass limits at 95% CL from this analysis with 137 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt {s}=$ 13 TeV compared to previously published limits on narrow resonances with 36 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt {s}=$ 13 TeV [16]. The listed models are excluded between 1.8 TeV and the indicated mass limit by this analysis. The Z' model within the mass interval between 3.1 and 3.3 TeV is also excluded. |
| Summary |
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Searches for resonances decaying into a pair of jets have been performed using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The dijet mass spectra are observed to be smoothly falling distributions, and the QCD background is predicted using using two methods. The fit method uses an empirical functional form to fit the background in the signal region, dijet $|\Delta\eta| < $ 1.1, while the ratio method uses two control regions at higher values of $|\Delta\eta|$ to predict the background in the signal region. The ratio method is a new background prediction method which is independent of and complementary to the fit method. No evidence for resonant particle production is observed. Generic upper limits are presented on the product of the cross section, the branching fraction, and the acceptance for narrow and broad quark-quark, quark-gluon, and gluon-gluon resonances. The limits are applied to various models of new resonances and exclude at 95% confidence level, string resonances with masses below 7.9 TeV, scalar diquarks below 7.5 TeV, axigluons and colorons below 6.6 TeV, excited quarks below 6.3 TeV, color-octet scalars below 3.7 TeV, W' bosons below 3.6 TeV, Z' bosons with SM-like couplings below 2.9 TeV and between 3.1 and 3.3 TeV, Randall-Sundrum Gravitons below 2.6 TeV, and dark matter mediators below 2.8 TeV. This search extends previously reported limits on narrow resonances by between 200 and 800 GeV. Limits are also presented for resonances with intrinsic width as large as 30% of the resonance mass, and are used to improve and extend the exclusions of a dark matter mediator to larger values of the resonance mass and coupling to quarks. In the search for broad resonances, the ratio method provides significantly enhanced sensitivity compared to the fit method, resulting in the exclusion at 95% confidence level of a dark matter mediator with mass less than 4.7 TeV for a width equal to 25% of the mass, which corresponds to a coupling to quarks $g_q=$ 0.68. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
The 95% CL upper limits on the universal quark coupling $g_{q}$ as a function of resonance mass for a vector mediator of interactions between quarks and dark matter, from the narrow resonance search, which are only valid for a width up to approximately 10% of the resonance mass. The right vertical axis shows the natural width of the mediator divided by its mass. The observed, expected limits (dashed) and their variation at the 1 and 2 standard deviation levels (shaded bands) are shown. The exclusions are computed for a spin-1 mediator and Dirac DM with a mass $m_{DM}=1$ GeV and a coupling $g_{DM}=$ 1.0. |
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Additional Figure 2:
Ratio of expected limits between the Fit method and the Ratio method for wide Spin 1 resonances decaying to a pair of quarks, and for differentwidths. |
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Additional Figure 3:
Ratio of expected limits between the Fit method and the Ratio method for wide Spin 2 resonances decaying to a pair of gluons, and for different widths. |
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Additional Figure 4:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (green) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (yellow). |
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Additional Figure 5:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (green) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (yellow). |
png pdf |
Additional Figure 6:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (green) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (yellow). |
png pdf |
Additional Figure 7:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (green) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (yellow). |
png pdf |
Additional Figure 8:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (green) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (yellow). |
png pdf |
Additional Figure 9:
Three dimensional display of the event with the second highest dijet invariant mass at 8 TeV. The display shows the energy deposited in the electromagnetic (green) and hadronic (blue) calorimeters and the reconstructed tracks of charged particles (yellow). |
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