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| CMS-PAS-B2G-20-002 | ||
| Search for W' decaying to a vector-like quark and a top or bottom quark in the all-jets final state | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| March 2021 | ||
| Abstract: A search for a heavy W' boson resonance decaying to one B or T vector-like quark and a top or bottom quark, respectively, is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data collected from the year 2016 to 2018 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$ at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Both decay channels result in a final state with a top quark, a Higgs or Z boson, and a b quark, each produced with significant energy. The all-hadronic decays of both the Higgs boson and the top quark are considered. The final-state jets, some of which correspond to merged decay products of a boosted top quark and a Higgs or Z boson, are selected using jet substructure techniques, which help to suppress standard model backgrounds. A W' boson signal would appear as a narrow peak in the invariant mass distribution of these three jets. No significant deviation in data with respect to the standard model background predictions is observed. The 95% confidence level upper limits on the cross section for W' boson production and the subsequent decay into a top quark, Higgs or Z boson, and b quark are set as a function of the W' boson mass, for several vector-like quark mass hypotheses. We exclude a W' boson in this channel with a mass below 3.2 TeV given benchmark model assumptions, and additionally present limits based on generalizations of these assumptions. This is the first search for a W' boson in this channel using the full 2016 to 2018 CMS data. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
inSPIRE record ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to JHEP. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Dominant diagrams for the signal model considered in the analysis. The analysis assumes equal branching fractions for W' boson to tB and bT and 50% for each VLQ to qH and qZ for the benchmark model. |
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Figure 1-a:
Dominant diagram for tB production in the considered signal model. The analysis assumes equal branching fractions for the B-VQL to bH and bZ for the benchmark model. |
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Figure 1-b:
Dominant diagram for bT production in the considered signal model. The analysis assumes equal branching fractions for the T-VQL to tH and tZ for the benchmark model. |
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Figure 2:
Normalized distributions of the discriminating variables in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tHb signal MC simulation for the tHb analysis. Each variable distribution in this set of figures is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 2-a:
Normalized distribution of the $m_{\mathrm{SD}}(\mathrm{T})$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tHb signal MC simulation for the tHb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 2-b:
Normalized distribution of the imageMD$_{\mathrm{top}}$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tHb signal MC simulation for the tHb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 2-c:
Normalized distribution of the $m_{\mathrm{SD}}(\mathrm{H})$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tHb signal MC simulation for the tHb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 2-d:
Normalized distribution of the Dbtag variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tHb signal MC simulation for the tHb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 3:
Normalized distributions of the discriminating variables in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tZb signal MC simulation for the tZb analysis. Each variable distribution in this set of figures is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 3-a:
Normalized distribution of the $m_{\mathrm{SD}}(\mathrm{T})$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tZb signal MC simulation for the tZb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 3-b:
Normalized distribution of the imageMD$_{\mathrm{top}}$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tZb signal MC simulation for the tZb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 3-c:
Normalized distribution of the $m_{\mathrm{SD}}(\mathrm{Z})$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tZb signal MC simulation for the tZb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 3-d:
Normalized distribution of the $\tau_{21}$ variable in ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} $, QCD, and tZb signal MC simulation for the tZb analysis. In this distribution, the variable is required to pass a loosened event selection that preserves same-jet variable correlations. |
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Figure 4:
Cut profile diagram used for background estimation. The signal region is labeled C, the A and B regions are used for the purpose of creating the $ {TF({p_{\mathrm {T}}},\eta)} $, and F is the validation region. After a senisitivity comparison, K and H are additionally used as validation regions. The loose, medium, and tight tag definitions are given in Table 1. |
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Figure 5:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region F (upper left), K (upper right), and H (bottom) for the purpose of validation in the tHb analyses. The lower panels show the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 5-a:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region F for the purpose of validation in the tHb analyses. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 5-b:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region K for the purpose of validation in the tHb analyses. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 5-c:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region H for the purpose of validation in the tHb analyses. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 6:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region F (upper left), K (upper right), and H (bottom) for the purpose of validation in the tZb analyses. The lower panels show the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 6-a:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region F for the purpose of validation in the tZb analyses. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 6-b:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region K for the purpose of validation in the tZb analyses. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 6-c:
Background closure for the reconstructed W' boson invariant mass in region H for the purpose of validation in the tZb analyses. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 7:
Reconstructed W' boson mass distributions ($ {m_{\mathrm {\mathrm{t} \mathrm{H} \mathrm{b}}}} $ (top), and $ {m_{\mathrm {\mathrm{t} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{b}}}} $ (bottom)) in the signal region with estimated backgrounds, and several signal benchmarks. The uncertainties shown in the hatched region contain both statistical and systematic uncertainties of all background components. The lower panels show the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 7-a:
Reconstructed W' boson mass distribution ($ {m_{\mathrm {\mathrm{t} \mathrm{H} \mathrm{b}}}})in the signal region with estimated backgrounds, and several signal benchmarks. The uncertainties shown in the hatched region contain both statistical and systematic uncertainties of all background components. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 7-b:
Reconstructed W' boson mass distribution (($ {m_{\mathrm {\mathrm{t} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{b}}}} $) in the signal region with estimated backgrounds, and several signal benchmarks. The uncertainties shown in the hatched region contain both statistical and systematic uncertainties of all background components. The lower panel shows the difference between the number of events observed in the data and the predicted background, divided by the systematic uncertainty in the background and the statistical uncertainty in the data added in quadrature. |
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Figure 8:
The W' boson 95% CL production cross section limits. The expected limits (dashed) and observed limits (solid), as well as the W' boson theoretical cross section and the PDF and scale normalization uncertainties are shown. The bands around the expected limit represent the $\pm $1 and ${\pm}$2$\sigma _{exp}$ uncertainties in the expected limit. The limits for low- (top), medium- (center), and high- (bottom) mass VLQ mass ranges are shown. |
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Figure 8-a:
The W' boson 95% CL production cross section limits. The expected limits (dashed) and observed limits (solid), as well as the W' boson theoretical cross section and the PDF and scale normalization uncertainties are shown. The bands around the expected limit represent the $\pm $1 and ${\pm}$2$\sigma _{exp}$ uncertainties in the expected limit. The limits for the low-mass VLQ range are shown. |
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Figure 8-b:
The W' boson 95% CL production cross section limits. The expected limits (dashed) and observed limits (solid), as well as the W' boson theoretical cross section and the PDF and scale normalization uncertainties are shown. The bands around the expected limit represent the $\pm $1 and ${\pm}$2$\sigma _{exp}$ uncertainties in the expected limit. The limits for the medium-mass VLQ range are shown. |
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Figure 8-c:
The W' boson 95% CL production cross section limits. The expected limits (dashed) and observed limits (solid), as well as the W' boson theoretical cross section and the PDF and scale normalization uncertainties are shown. The bands around the expected limit represent the $\pm $1 and ${\pm}$2$\sigma _{exp}$ uncertainties in the expected limit. The limits for the high-mass VLQ range are shown. |
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Figure 9:
Generalized exclusion maps for hypotheses other than the benchmark model for the expected (top) and observed (bottom) limits, which assumes equal fraction of VLQ (B, T) flavor and equal VLQ branching ratio to qZ and qH. The VLQ flavor assumption (left) is generalized by varying the fraction of qB and qT from the W' decay between 0 and 1. The VLQ branching ratio (right) is generalized by varying the VLQ $\to $ qH and VLQ $\to $ qZ branching ratios. |
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Figure 9-a:
Generalized exclusion maps for hypotheses other than the benchmark model for the expected limits, which assumes equal fraction of VLQ (B, T) flavor and equal VLQ branching ratio to qZ and qH. The VLQ flavor assumption is generalized by varying the fraction of qB and qT from the W' decay between 0 and 1. |
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Figure 9-b:
Generalized exclusion maps for hypotheses other than the benchmark model for the expected limits, which assumes equal fraction of VLQ (B, T) flavor and equal VLQ branching ratio to qZ and qH. The VLQ branching ratio is generalized by varying the VLQ $\to $ qH and VLQ $\to $ qZ branching ratios. |
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Figure 9-c:
Generalized exclusion maps for hypotheses other than the benchmark model for the observed limits, which assumes equal fraction of VLQ (B, T) flavor and equal VLQ branching ratio to qZ and qH. The VLQ flavor assumption is generalized by varying the fraction of qB and qT from the W' decay between 0 and 1. |
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Figure 9-d:
Generalized exclusion maps for hypotheses other than the benchmark model for the observed limits, which assumes equal fraction of VLQ (B, T) flavor and equal VLQ branching ratio to qZ and qH. The VLQ branching ratio is generalized by varying the VLQ $\to $ qH and VLQ $\to $ qZ branching ratios. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Selection regions used in the analysis. The AK8 jet discriminator and mass selections are explicitly defined here. |
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Table 2:
The signal efficiency (in percent) from the three VLQ mass ranges considered in the analysis. The efficiency is given for both the tHb and tZb final states considering the corresponding selection. |
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Table 3:
Sources of systematic uncertainty that affect the final distributions. Sources that list the systematic variation as $ \pm $1$ \sigma $ have a shape effect which is dependent on the variable given in the parentheses, while those that list the variation in percent are rate uncertainties with the range of values specifying the year-to-year envelope. |
| Summary |
| A search for a heavy W' boson decaying to a B or T vector-like quark and a top or b quark, respectively, has been presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$ collected between 2016 and 2018 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The signature considered for both decay modes is a top quark and a Higgs or Z boson, both decaying hadronically, and a b quark jet. Boosted heavy-resonance identification techniques are used to select the event signature of three energetic jets and to suppress standard model backgrounds. No significant deviation from the standard model background prediction has been observed. Cross section upper limits on W' boson production in the top quark, Higgs or Z boson, and b quark decay mode are set as a function of the W' boson mass, for several vector-like quark mass hypotheses. A W' boson with a mass below 3.2 TeV is excluded at 95% CL given benchmark model assumptions. |
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