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| CMS-TOP-21-007 ; CERN-EP-2023-113 | ||
| Search for central exclusive production of top quark pairs in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV with tagged protons | ||
| CMS and TOTEM Collaborations | ||
| 11 October 2023 | ||
| JHEP 06 (2024) 187 | ||
| Abstract: A search for the central exclusive production of top quark-antiquark pairs ($ \mathrm{t} \bar{\mathrm{t}} $) is performed for the first time using proton-tagged events in proton-proton collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 29.4 fb$ ^{-1} $. The $ \mathrm{t} \bar{\mathrm{t}} $ decay products are reconstructed using the central CMS detector, while forward protons are measured in the CMS-TOTEM precision proton spectrometer. An observed (expected) upper bound on the production cross section of 0.59 (1.14) pb is set at 95% confidence level, for collisions of protons with fractional momentum losses between 2 and 20%. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2310.11231 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; Physics Briefing ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Leading Feynman diagram for $ \mathrm{t} \bar{\mathrm{t}} $ central exclusive production via $ \gamma\gamma $ fusion. |
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Figure 2:
A schematic layout of one arm of CT-PPS along the LHC beam line. The RPs shown in red are those used by CT-PPS. |
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Figure 3:
Normalised distribution of the relative resolution of the reconstructed $ m_{{\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}} } $ in simulated signal events, for the dilepton (left) and $ \ell+$jets (right) analyses. The resolution is shown only for events where the reconstruction is successful. For the $ \ell+$jets decay mode, the hatched blue and the dotted red histograms represent the distribution before and after applying the kinematic fit, respectively. |
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Figure 3-a:
Normalised distribution of the relative resolution of the reconstructed $ m_{{\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}} } $ in simulated signal events, for the dilepton $ \ell+$jets analysis. The resolution is shown only for events where the reconstruction is successful. For the $ \ell+$jets decay mode, the hatched blue and the dotted red histograms represent the distribution before and after applying the kinematic fit, respectively. |
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Figure 3-b:
Normalised distribution of the relative resolution of the reconstructed $ m_{{\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}} } $ in simulated signal events, for the dilepton $ \ell+$jets analysis. The resolution is shown only for events where the reconstruction is successful. For the $ \ell+$jets decay mode, the hatched blue and the dotted red histograms represent the distribution before and after applying the kinematic fit, respectively. |
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Figure 4:
Distribution of $ \xi $ in data and background simulated samples after pileup proton mixing and pileup reweighting, in the $ \ell+$jets channel. Protons in CT-PPS arm 0 (left) and arm 1 (right), as defined in the text. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panels show the data-to-prediction ratios; the hatched bands represent the relative uncertainty in the predictions. |
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Figure 4-a:
Distribution of $ \xi $ in data and background simulated samples after pileup proton mixing and pileup reweighting, in the $ \ell+$jets channel. Protons in CT-PPS arm 0, as defined in the text. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the relative uncertainty in the predictions. |
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Figure 4-b:
Distribution of $ \xi $ in data and background simulated samples after pileup proton mixing and pileup reweighting, in the $ \ell+$jets channel. Protons in CT-PPS arm 1, as defined in the text. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the relative uncertainty in the predictions. |
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Figure 5:
Distribution of a selection of the kinematic variables of interest for the dilepton (upper) and $ \ell+$jets (lower) analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panels show the data-to-prediction ratios; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The leftmost and rightmost bin in each histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 5-a:
Distribution of $m_{\mathrm{X}}$ for the dilepton analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The leftmost and rightmost bin in the histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 5-b:
Distribution of $y_{\mathrm{X}}$ for the dilepton analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The leftmost and rightmost bin in the histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 5-c:
Distribution of $\Delta R(\ell,\, \ell')$ for the dilepton analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The leftmost and rightmost bin in the histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 5-d:
Distribution of $m_{\mathrm{t\bar{t}}}$ for the $ \ell+$jets analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The leftmost and rightmost bin in the histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 5-e:
Distribution of the light jet multiplicity for the $ \ell+$jets analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The rightmost bin in the histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 5-f:
Distribution of the post-fit $\chi^2/$1000 for the $ \ell+$jets analysis. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the uncertainty in the predictions. The rightmost bin in the histogram includes accepted events outside the histogram range. |
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Figure 6:
Distribution of the BDT output in the signal region for simulated events after the fit, and for data. Left: dilepton channel; right: $ \ell+$jets channel. The different ranges of the two BDT output distributions are a consequence of the different architectures of the algorithms. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. For both reconstruction modes, all signal regions are combined. The lower panels show the data-to-prediction ratios; the hatched bands represent the relative uncertainty in the predictions. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-a:
Distribution of the BDT output in the signal region for simulated events after the fit, and for data in the dilepton channel. The different ranges of the two BDT output distributions are a consequence of the different architectures of the algorithms. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. For both reconstruction modes, all signal regions are combined. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the relative uncertainty in the predictions. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
Distribution of the BDT output in the signal region for simulated events after the fit, and for data in the $ \ell+$jets channel. The different ranges of the two BDT output distributions are a consequence of the different architectures of the algorithms. The solid histograms show the expected background contributions, while the red open histograms show the expected signal shapes, normalised to a cross section of 25 pb, approximately 10$^5 $ larger than the SM cross section prediction from Ref. [32]; points with statistical error bars represent collision data. For both reconstruction modes, all signal regions are combined. The lower panel shows the data-to-prediction ratio; the hatched bands represent the relative uncertainty in the predictions. |
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Figure 7:
Expected and observed 95% confidence level (CL) upper limits for the cross section of $ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{p} $, for the dilepton and $ \ell+$jets channels separately and combined. The green and yellow bands show the 68 and 95% intervals, respectively, for the expected upper limit. |
| Summary |
| A search is reported for the central exclusive production of top quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton interactions, $ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{p}\to\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{p} $, for the first time using tagged intact protons, reconstructed by the CMS-TOTEM precision proton spectrometer. The $ \mathrm{t} \bar{\mathrm{t}} $ pairs are reconstructed by the CMS detector either in the dilepton or the lepton+jets decay modes. The search is conducted both separately for the two modes, and in a combined fit. With a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29.4 fb$ ^{-1} $, results consistent with predictions from the standard model are obtained. An upper limit of 0.59 pb at 95% confidence level (compared to an expected limit of 1.14 pb) is set on the central exclusive production of $ \mathrm{t} \bar{\mathrm{t}} $ pairs, with fractional momentum loss of the intact protons in the range 0.02 $ < \xi < $ 0.20. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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