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CMS-TOP-17-023 ; CERN-EP-2019-138
Measurement of differential cross sections and charge ratios for $t$-channel single top quark production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 370
Abstract: A measurement is presented of differential cross sections for $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC. From a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, events containing one muon or electron and two or three jets are analysed. The cross section is measured as a function of the top quark transverse momentum (${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$), rapidity, and polarisation angle, the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and rapidity, and the ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ of the W boson from the top quark decay. In addition, the charge ratio is measured differentially as a function of the top quark, charged lepton, and W boson kinematic observables. The results are found to be in agreement with standard model predictions using various next-to-leading-order event generators and sets of parton distribution functions. Additionally, the spin asymmetry, sensitive to the top quark polarisation, is determined from the differential distribution of the polarisation angle at parton level to be 0.440 $\pm$ 0.070, in agreement with the standard model prediction.
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Figures

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Figure 1:
Born-level Feynman diagrams for single top quark production in the $t$ channel. Corresponding diagrams also exist for single top antiquark production.

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Figure 1-a:
Born-level Feynman diagram for single top quark production in the $t$ channel. Corresponding diagram also exists for single top antiquark production.

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Figure 1-b:
Born-level Feynman diagram for single top quark production in the $t$ channel. Corresponding diagram also exists for single top antiquark production.

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Figure 2:
Distributions of the transverse W boson mass in the 2 jets, 0b tag control category for the (left) muon and (right) electron channels after scaling the simulated and multijet templates to the result of a dedicated ML fit performed on this category of events. The hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The lower plots give the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bins include the event overflows.

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Figure 2-a:
Distributions of the transverse W boson mass in the 2 jets, 0b tag control category for the muon channel after scaling the simulated and multijet templates to the result of a dedicated ML fit performed on this category of events. The hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The lower plot gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bins include the event overflows.

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Figure 2-b:
Distributions of the transverse W boson mass in the 2 jets, 0b tag control category for the electron channel after scaling the simulated and multijet templates to the result of a dedicated ML fit performed on this category of events. The hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The lower plot gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bins include the event overflows.

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Figure 3:
Distributions of the BDT discriminants in the 2 jets, 1b tag category: (left) ${\mathrm {BDT}_{{t\text {-ch}}}}$ trained to separate signal from background events; (right) ${\mathrm {BDT}_{{\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} /\mathrm{W}}}$ trained to separate ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ from W+jets events in a background-dominated category. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The regions of the distributions used in the fits are indicated in the lower panels, which show the ratio of the data to the fit result.

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Figure 3-a:
Distribution of the ${\mathrm {BDT}_{{t\text {-ch}}}}$ discriminant trained to separate signal from background events, in the 2 jets, 1b tag category. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The region of the distribution used in the fit is indicated in the lower panel, which shows the ratio of the data to the fit result.

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Figure 3-b:
Distribution of the ${\mathrm {BDT}_{{\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}} /\mathrm{W}}}$ trained to separate ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ from W+jets events in a background-dominated category, in the 2 jets, 1b tag category. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The region of the distribution used in the fit is indicated in the lower panel, which shows the ratio of the data to the fit result.

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Figure 4:
Distributions of the transverse W boson mass for events in the (left) 2 jets, 1b tag and (right) 3 jets, 2b tags categories. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The regions of the distributions used in the fits are indicated in the lower panels, which show the ratio of the data to the fit result. The right-most bins include the event overflows.

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Figure 4-a:
Distribution of the transverse W boson mass for events in the 2 jets, 1b tag category. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The region of the distribution used in the fit is indicated in the lower panel, which shows the ratio of the data to the fit result. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 4-b:
Distribution of the transverse W boson mass for events in the 3 jets, 2b tags category. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The region of the distribution used in the fit is indicated in the lower panel, which shows the ratio of the data to the fit result. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 5:
Distributions of the observables in a (left column) background-dominated and a (right column) signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}} $; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}} $; (lower row) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plots on the left give the number of events per bin, while those on the right show the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel in each plot gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bins include the event overflows.

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Figure 5-a:
Distribution of the top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in a background-dominated region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot gives the number of events per bin. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 5-b:
Distribution of the top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in a signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot shows the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 5-c:
Distribution of the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in a background-dominated region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot gives the number of events per bin. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 5-d:
Distribution of the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in a signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot shows the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 5-e:
Distribution of the W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in a background-dominated region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot gives the number of events per bin. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 5-f:
Distribution of the W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in a signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot shows the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results. The right-most bin includes the event overflow.

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Figure 6:
Distributions of the observables in a (left column) background-dominated and a (right column) signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection: (upper row) top quark rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton rapidity; (lower row) cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plots on the left give the number of events per bin, while those on the right show the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel in each plot gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 6-a:
Distribution of the top quark rapidity in a background-dominated egion for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot gives the number of events per bin. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 6-b:
Distribution of the top quark rapidity in a signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot shows the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 6-c:
Distribution of the charged lepton rapidity in a background-dominated region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot gives the number of events per bin. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 6-d:
Distribution of the charged lepton rapidity in a signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot shows the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 6-e:
Distribution of the cosine of the top quark polarisation angle in a background-dominated region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot gives the number of events per bin. sThe lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 6-f:
Distribution of the cosine of the top quark polarisation angle in a signal-enriched region for events passing the 2 jets, 1b tag selection. Events in the muon and electron channels have been summed. The predictions have been scaled to the result of the inclusive ML fit and the hatched band displays the fit uncertainty. The plot shows the number of events per bin divided by the bin width. The lower panel gives the ratio of the data to the fit results.

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Figure 7:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (lower left) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$; (lower right) cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panels show the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 7-a:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$.The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 7-b:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: top quark rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 7-c:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 7-d:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: charged lepton rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 7-e:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 7-f:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (lower left) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$; (lower right) cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panels show the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8-a:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8-b:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: top quark rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8-c:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8-d:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: charged lepton rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8-e:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 8-f:
Differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling and the luminosity. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (lower left) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$; (lower right) cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panels show the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9-a:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9-b:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: top quark rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9-c:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9-d:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: charged lepton rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9-e:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 9-f:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the parton level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (lower left) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$; (lower right) cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panels show the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10-a:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10-b:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: top quark rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10-c:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$.The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10-d:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: charged lepton rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10-e:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 10-f:
Normalised differential cross sections for the sum of $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production at the particle level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Three different predictions from event generators are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 11:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the parton level: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (lower row) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panels show the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 11-a:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 11-b:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the parton level: top quark rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 11-c:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the parton level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 11-d:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the parton level: charged lepton rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 11-e:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the parton level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 12:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the particle level: (upper row) top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (middle row) charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ and rapidity; (lower row) W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panels show the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 12-a:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 12-b:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the particle level: top quark rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 12-c:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the particle level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 12-d:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the particle level:charged lepton rapidity. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.

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Figure 12-e:
Ratio of the top quark to the sum of the top quark and antiquark $t$-channel differential cross section at the particle level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The total uncertainty is indicated by the vertical lines, while horizontal bars indicate the statistical and experimental uncertainties, which have been profiled in the ML fit, and thus exclude the uncertainties in the theoretical modelling. Predictions from three different PDF sets are shown by the solid, dashed, and dotted lines. The lower panel shows the ratios of the predictions to the data.
Tables

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Table 1:
Measured and observed event yields in the 2j1b category for each lepton channel and charge. The uncertainties in the yields are the combination of statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties.

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Table 2:
The measured spin asymmetry in the muon and electron channel and their combination. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is also provided. Minor systematic uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.
Summary
Differential cross sections for $t$-channel single top quark and antiquark production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV have been measured by the CMS experiment at the LHC using a sample of proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The cross sections are determined as a function of the top quark transverse momentum (${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$), rapidity, and polarisation angle, the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and rapidity, and the ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ of the W boson from the top quark decay. In addition, the charge ratio has been measured as a function of the top quark, charged lepton, and W boson kinematic observables. Events containing one muon or electron and two or three jets are used. The single top quark and antiquark yields are determined through maximum-likelihood fits to the data distributions. The differential cross sections are then obtained at the parton and particle levels by unfolding the measured signal yields.

The results are compared to various next-to-leading-order predictions, and found to be in good agreement. Furthermore, the top quark spin asymmetry, which is sensitive to the top quark polarisation, has been measured using the differential cross section as a function of the top quark polarisation angle at the parton level. The resulting value of 0.440 $\pm$ 0.070 is in good agreement with the standard model prediction.

These results demonstrate a good understanding of the underlying electroweak production mechanism of single top quarks at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV and in particular of the electroweak vector$-$axial-vector coupling predicting highly polarized top quarks. Lastly, the differential charge ratios, sensitive to the ratio of the up to down quark content of the proton, are found to be consistent with the predictions by various sets of parton distribution functions.
Additional Figures

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Additional Figure 1:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (a) and rapidity (b); charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (c) and rapidity (d); W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (e); cosine of the top quark polarisation angle (f). The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 1-a:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 1-b:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: top quark rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 1-c:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 1-d:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: charged lepton rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 1-e:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 1-f:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (a) and rapidity (b); charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (c) and rapidity (d); W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (e); cosine of the top quark polarisation angle (f). The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2-a:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2-b:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: top quark rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2-c:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2-d:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: charged lepton rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2-e:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 2-f:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured absolute differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (a) and rapidity (b); charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (c) and rapidity (d); W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (e); cosine of the top quark polarisation angle (f). The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3-a:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3-b:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: top quark rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3-c:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3-d:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: charged lepton rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3-e:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 3-f:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the parton level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (a) and rapidity (b); charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (c) and rapidity (d); W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (e); cosine of the top quark polarisation angle (f). The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4-a:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4-b:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: top quark rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4-c:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4-d:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: charged lepton rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4-e:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 4-f:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured normalised differential $t$-channel single top quark cross sections at the particle level: cosine of the top quark polarisation angle. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 5:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (a) and rapidity (b); charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (c) and rapidity (d); W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (e). The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 5-a:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the parton level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 5-b:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the parton level: top quark rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 5-c:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the parton level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 5-d:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the parton level: charged lepton rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 5-e:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the parton level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 6:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (a) and rapidity (b); charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (c) and rapidity (d); W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (e). The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 6-a:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the particle level: top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 6-b:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the particle level: top quark rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 6-c:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the particle level: charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 6-d:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the particle level: charged lepton rapidity. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.

png pdf
Additional Figure 6-e:
Covariance ("Var'') of the total uncertainty for the measured differential $t$-channel single top quark charge ratios at the particle level: W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The labels on the $x$ and $y$ axes denote the bin edges.
Additional Tables

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Additional Table 1:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 2:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the top quark rapidity at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 3:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 4:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the charged lepton rapidity at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 5:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 6:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the polarisation angle at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 7:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 8:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the top quark rapidity at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 9:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 10:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the charged lepton rapidity at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 11:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 12:
The measured differential absolute cross section in intervals of the polarisation angle at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 13:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 14:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of top quark rapidity at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 15:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 16:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of charged lepton rapidity at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 17:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 18:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of polarisation angle at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 19:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 20:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of top quark rapidity at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 21:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 22:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of charged lepton rapidity at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 23:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 24:
The measured differential normalised coss section in intervals of polarisation angle at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 25:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 26:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the top quark rapidity at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 27:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 28:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the charged lepton rapidity at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 29:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the parton level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 30:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the top quark ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 31:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the top quark rapidity at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 32:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the charged lepton ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 33:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the charged lepton rapidity at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 34:
The measured differential charge ratio in intervals of the W boson ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at the particle level. A breakdown of the systematic uncertainties is given as well. Minor uncertainties (lepton efficiencies, pileup, and unclustered energy) have been grouped into the "Others'' category.

png pdf
Additional Table 35:
The $\chi ^{2}$/dof values quantifying the agreement between three predictions from event generators and the measured differential absolute ("Abs'') and normalised ("Norm'') cross sections.

png pdf
Additional Table 36:
The $\chi ^{2}$/dof values quantifying the agreement between predictions from three PDF sets and the measured differential charge ratios.
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