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| CMS-EXO-21-012 ; CERN-EP-2023-216 | ||
| Search for dark matter particles in W$^{+}$W$^{-}$ events with transverse momentum imbalance in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 18 October 2023 | ||
| JHEP 03 (2024) 134 | ||
| Abstract: A search for dark matter particles is performed using events with a pair of W bosons and large missing transverse momentum. Candidate events are selected by requiring one or two leptons ($ \ell = $ electrons or muons). The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. No significant excess over the expected standard model background is observed in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ and 2$ \ell$2$\nu $ final states of the W$^{+}$W$^{-}$ boson pair. Limits are set on dark matter production in the context of a simplified dark Higgs model, with a dark Higgs boson mass above the W$^{+}$W$^{-}$ mass threshold. The dark matter phase space is probed in the mass range 100-300 GeV, extending the scope of previous searches. Current exclusion limits are improved in the range of dark Higgs masses from 160 to 250 GeV, for a dark matter mass of 200 GeV. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2310.12229 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Representative Born-level Feynman diagrams for the benchmark signal model considered in this paper: $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} \to \mathrm{Z}^{'} \to \mathrm{s} \chi \chi $, and $ \mathrm{s} \to \mathrm{W^+}\mathrm{W^-} $. |
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Figure 1-a:
Representative Born-level Feynman diagram for the benchmark signal model considered in this paper: $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} \to \mathrm{Z}^{'} \to \mathrm{s} \chi \chi $, and $ \mathrm{s} \to \mathrm{W^+}\mathrm{W^-} $. |
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Figure 1-b:
Representative Born-level Feynman diagram for the benchmark signal model considered in this paper: $ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} \to \mathrm{Z}^{'} \to \mathrm{s} \chi \chi $, and $ \mathrm{s} \to \mathrm{W^+}\mathrm{W^-} $. |
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Figure 2:
Normalized $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $ distribution in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel for a signal with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV (black), after the event selection criteria are applied. Predictions for the two main backgrounds of the analysis, WW and t\text{production}, are shown as blue and yellow solid lines respectively. The last bin includes the overflow. |
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Figure 3:
Unrolled ($ m_{\ell\ell} $,$ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $) post-fit distributions in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel in a given $ \Delta R_{\ell\ell} $ region SR1 (upper left), SR2 (upper right), and SR3 (lower), for the full data set. The histogram bins are spaced uniformly. Each group of five bins (from left to right) corresponds to the $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $ distribution in a $ m_{\ell\ell} $ region, placed in ascending order. The black line indicates the signal prediction for $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel of each plot, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 3-a:
Unrolled ($ m_{\ell\ell} $,$ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $) post-fit distributions in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel in a given $ \Delta R_{\ell\ell} $ region SR1, for the full data set. The histogram bins are spaced uniformly. Each group of five bins (from left to right) corresponds to the $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $ distribution in a $ m_{\ell\ell} $ region, placed in ascending order. The black line indicates the signal prediction for $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 3-b:
Unrolled ($ m_{\ell\ell} $,$ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $) post-fit distributions in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel in a given $ \Delta R_{\ell\ell} $ region SR2, for the full data set. The histogram bins are spaced uniformly. Each group of five bins (from left to right) corresponds to the $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $ distribution in a $ m_{\ell\ell} $ region, placed in ascending order. The black line indicates the signal prediction for $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 3-c:
Unrolled ($ m_{\ell\ell} $,$ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $) post-fit distributions in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel in a given $ \Delta R_{\ell\ell} $ region SR3, for the full data set. The histogram bins are spaced uniformly. Each group of five bins (from left to right) corresponds to the $ m_{\mathrm{T}}^{\ell_{\text{min}}, p_{\mathrm{T}}^\text{miss}} $ distribution in a $ m_{\ell\ell} $ region, placed in ascending order. The black line indicates the signal prediction for $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 4:
Post-fit BDT distributions in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel for the full data set in the t quark CR (upper left) and W$ {+} $jets CR (upper right). The SR of the 2016 data set (lower left) and the 2017-2018 data set (lower right). The black line indicates the signal prediction with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel of each plot, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 4-a:
Post-fit BDT distribution in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel for the full data set in the t quark CR. The black line indicates the signal prediction with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 4-b:
Post-fit BDT distribution in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel for the full data set in the W$ {+} $jets CR. The black line indicates the signal prediction with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 4-c:
Post-fit BDT distribution in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel in the SR of the 2016 data set. The black line indicates the signal prediction with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-d:
Post-fit BDT distribution in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel in the SR of the 2017-2018 data set. The black line indicates the signal prediction with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. In the lower panel, the ratio between the data and the background prediction is shown. |
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Figure 5:
Observed (expected) exclusion regions at 95% CL for the dark Higgs model in the ($ m_{\mathrm{s}} $, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} $) plane, marked by the solid red (black) line. The expected $ \pm $1$\sigma $ (68% CL) and $ \pm $2$\sigma $ (95% CL) bands are shown as the thinner black lines. The bar on the righthand side of each figure maps the displayed colors to the corresponding limit values. Upper left: $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, upper right: $ m_{\chi} = $ 150 GeV, lower left: $ m_{\chi} = $ 200 GeV, lower right: $ m_{\chi} = $ 300 GeV. The gray line indicates were the model parameters produce exactly the observed relic density $ \Omega_{\mathrm{c}} h^2 = $ 0.12 [7]. |
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Figure 5-a:
Observed (expected) exclusion regions at 95% CL for the dark Higgs model with $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV in the ($ m_{\mathrm{s}} $, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} $) plane, marked by the solid red (black) line. The expected $ \pm $1$\sigma $ (68% CL) and $ \pm $2$\sigma $ (95% CL) bands are shown as the thinner black lines. The bar on the righthand side of the figure maps the displayed colors to the corresponding limit values. The gray line indicates were the model parameters produce exactly the observed relic density $ \Omega_{\mathrm{c}} h^2 = $ 0.12 [7]. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-b:
Observed (expected) exclusion regions at 95% CL for the dark Higgs model with $ m_{\chi} = $ 150 GeV in the ($ m_{\mathrm{s}} $, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} $) plane, marked by the solid red (black) line. The expected $ \pm $1$\sigma $ (68% CL) and $ \pm $2$\sigma $ (95% CL) bands are shown as the thinner black lines. The bar on the righthand side of the figure maps the displayed colors to the corresponding limit values. The gray line indicates were the model parameters produce exactly the observed relic density $ \Omega_{\mathrm{c}} h^2 = $ 0.12 [7]. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-c:
Observed (expected) exclusion regions at 95% CL for the dark Higgs model with $ m_{\chi} = $ 200 GeV in the ($ m_{\mathrm{s}} $, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} $) plane, marked by the solid red (black) line. The expected $ \pm $1$\sigma $ (68% CL) and $ \pm $2$\sigma $ (95% CL) bands are shown as the thinner black lines. The bar on the righthand side of the figure maps the displayed colors to the corresponding limit values. The gray line indicates were the model parameters produce exactly the observed relic density $ \Omega_{\mathrm{c}} h^2 = $ 0.12 [7]. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-d:
Observed (expected) exclusion regions at 95% CL for the dark Higgs model with $ m_{\chi} = $ 300 GeV in the ($ m_{\mathrm{s}} $, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} $) plane, marked by the solid red (black) line. The expected $ \pm $1$\sigma $ (68% CL) and $ \pm $2$\sigma $ (95% CL) bands are shown as the thinner black lines. The bar on the righthand side of the figure maps the displayed colors to the corresponding limit values. The gray line indicates were the model parameters produce exactly the observed relic density $ \Omega_{\mathrm{c}} h^2 = $ 0.12 [7]. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of all selected variables considered in the BDT for the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel. |
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Table 2:
Summary of the event selection criteria in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel. |
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Table 3:
Selection criteria for the leptons for 2016-2018 data in the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel. The $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ thresholds are chosen to be equal to the corresponding single-lepton trigger threshold. |
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Table 4:
Summary of the event selection criteria for the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel. |
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Table 5:
Data and background yields for each analysis region in the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ channel. Central values and uncertainties for the background contributions are the post-fit values. For the signal prediction from simulation, with the associated uncertainties, values are given for a sample with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. |
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Table 6:
Data and background yields for the $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ channel with a BDT discriminator score above 0.6. Central values and uncertainties for the background contributions are the post-fit values. For the signal prediction from simulation, with the associated uncertainties, values are given for a sample with $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV, $ m_{\chi} = $ 100 GeV, $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 500 GeV. |
| Summary |
| A search for dark matter particles $ \chi $ produced in association with a dark Higgs boson (s) has been presented. Proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. The decay mode of the dark Higgs boson to a W$^{+}$W$^{-}$ pair is explored. Results are presented from a combination of the 2$\ell$2$\nu $ and $ \ell\nu\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q} $ decay channels of the W$^{+}$W$^{-}$ pair (where $ \ell = $ electrons or muons). No significant deviation from the standard model prediction is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level on the production cross section for dark matter particles are set and translated into bounds on dark Higgs model parameters. This analysis investigates a dark matter mass range 100-300 GeV, which is wider than in previous searches and extends the limit on the Z' boson mass $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} $ in the region of the s mass 160 $ < m_{\mathrm{s}} \lesssim $ 250 GeV for $ m_{\chi} = $ 200 GeV. The most stringent limit is set for $ m_{\chi} = $ 200 GeV, excluding $ m_{\mathrm{s}} $ masses up to $ {\approx} $ 350 GeV at $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} = $ 700 GeV, and up to $ m_{\mathrm{Z}^{'}} \approx $ 2200 GeV for $ m_{\mathrm{s}} = $ 160 GeV. |
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