CMS-PAS-HIG-19-010

CMS-PAS-HIG-19-010
Measurement of Higgs boson production in the decay channel with a pair of $\tau$ leptons
CMS Collaboration
July 2020

Abstract: Measurements of Higgs boson production in the channel where the Higgs boson decays to $\tau$ leptons are performed. The analysis uses events recorded in proton-proton collisions by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, 2017, and 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data sets correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 137 fb $^{-1}$ . The product of the $\mathrm{H}\rightarrow\tau \tau$ signal production cross section and branching fraction is measured to be 0.85 $^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$ times the standard model expectation. This analysis targets primarily the gluon fusion and the vector boson fusion production modes. Measurements of the signal strengths and products of the cross section and branching fraction are also performed in the simplified template cross section scheme, providing precise measurements of the Higgs boson production at high transverse momentum and in event topologies with jets.
Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to EPJC.

Figures & Tables	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: Binning of the ggHproduction in the STXS stage 1.2 scheme. The dashed black boxes indicate the process-based merging detailed in Section 9. The green boxes indicate the differences in merging for the topology-based merging explained in the same section.
png pdf	Figure 2: Binning of the qqH production in the STXS stage 1.2 scheme. The dashed black boxes indicate the process-based merging detailed in Section 9. The green boxes indicate the differences in merging for the topology-based merging explained in the same section.
png pdf	Figure 3: Composition of the subcategories in terms of the STXS stage 1.2 processes in the ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ final state. The numbers on the right indicate the total number of signal events expected in every subcategory.
png pdf	Figure 4: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the 0-jet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states. The normalization of the predicted background distributions corresponds to the result of the global fit. The signal distribution is normalized to its best fit signal strength. The background histograms are stacked. The "Others" background contribution includes events from diboson and single top quark production, as well as Higgs boson decays to a pair of W bosons. The uncertainty bands account for all sources of uncertainty, systematic as well as statistical, after the global fit.
png pdf	Figure 4-a: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the 0-jet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states. The normalization of the predicted background distributions corresponds to the result of the global fit. The signal distribution is normalized to its best fit signal strength. The background histograms are stacked. The "Others" background contribution includes events from diboson and single top quark production, as well as Higgs boson decays to a pair of W bosons. The uncertainty bands account for all sources of uncertainty, systematic as well as statistical, after the global fit.
png pdf	Figure 4-b: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the 0-jet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states. The normalization of the predicted background distributions corresponds to the result of the global fit. The signal distribution is normalized to its best fit signal strength. The background histograms are stacked. The "Others" background contribution includes events from diboson and single top quark production, as well as Higgs boson decays to a pair of W bosons. The uncertainty bands account for all sources of uncertainty, systematic as well as statistical, after the global fit.
png pdf	Figure 4-c: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the 0-jet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states. The normalization of the predicted background distributions corresponds to the result of the global fit. The signal distribution is normalized to its best fit signal strength. The background histograms are stacked. The "Others" background contribution includes events from diboson and single top quark production, as well as Higgs boson decays to a pair of W bosons. The uncertainty bands account for all sources of uncertainty, systematic as well as statistical, after the global fit.
png pdf	Figure 5: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF low ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 5-a: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF low ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 5-b: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF low ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 5-c: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF low ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 6: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF high ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 6-a: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF high ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 6-b: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF high ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 6-c: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the VBF high ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{\mathrm{H}}}$ category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 7: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted monojet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 7-a: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted monojet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 7-b: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted monojet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 7-c: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted monojet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 8: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted multijet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 8-a: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted multijet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 8-b: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted multijet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 8-c: Observed and predicted 2D distributions in the boosted multijet category of the e $\mu$ (top), $\ell {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (middle), and ${\tau _\mathrm {h}} {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ (bottom) final states.
png pdf	Figure 9: Observed and expected ${m_{\tau \tau}}$ distribution obtained by reweighting every ${m_{\tau \tau}}$ distribution of each category, year, and final state by the ratio between the signal and background yields in bins with 90 $< {m_{\tau \tau}} <$ 150 GeV. The signal and background distributions are the result of a maximum likelihood fit with the inclusive signal strength for $\mathrm{H} \to \tau \tau$ events as the parameter of interest. The inset shows the difference between the observed data and the expected background distributions, together with the signal expectation. The reweighting does not affect the signal yield.
png pdf	Figure 10: Observed results of the fit to the production mode signal strength modifiers. The contributions to the total uncertainty in each parameter from the theoretical systematic, bin-by-bin systematic, other experimental systematic, and statistical components are shown. Also shown in black is the result of the fit to the inclusive signal strength modifier.
png pdf	Figure 11: Correlation matrix between merged stage-1 STXS parameters.
png pdf	Figure 12: Observed (black points) stage-1 parameters, obtained from the fit of all categories, data taking years, and final states. The contributions to the total uncertainty (black lines) in each parameter from the statistical component (colored squares) are shown. The ggHprocesses are indicated in blue while the qqH are indicated in yellow, the green squares can contain both ggHand qqH processes as they are solely based on topology. All parameters are measured simultaneously. The left plot corresponds to the process-based STXS stage-1 scheme, and the right plot to the topology-based STXS stage-1 scheme.
png pdf	Figure 12-a: Observed (black points) stage-1 parameters, obtained from the fit of all categories, data taking years, and final states. The contributions to the total uncertainty (black lines) in each parameter from the statistical component (colored squares) are shown. The ggHprocesses are indicated in blue while the qqH are indicated in yellow, the green squares can contain both ggHand qqH processes as they are solely based on topology. All parameters are measured simultaneously. The left plot corresponds to the process-based STXS stage-1 scheme, and the right plot to the topology-based STXS stage-1 scheme.
png pdf	Figure 12-b: Observed (black points) stage-1 parameters, obtained from the fit of all categories, data taking years, and final states. The contributions to the total uncertainty (black lines) in each parameter from the statistical component (colored squares) are shown. The ggHprocesses are indicated in blue while the qqH are indicated in yellow, the green squares can contain both ggHand qqH processes as they are solely based on topology. All parameters are measured simultaneously. The left plot corresponds to the process-based STXS stage-1 scheme, and the right plot to the topology-based STXS stage-1 scheme.
png pdf	Figure 13: Products of the cross section and branching fraction measured for the inclusive, stage-0, and stage-1 parameters. The top plot corresponds to the process-based stage-1 merging, and the bottom plot to the topology-based stage-1 merging. The ggHprocesses are indicated in blue while the qqH are indicated in yellow, the green squares can contain both ggHand qqH processes as they are solely based on topology.
png pdf	Figure 13-a: Products of the cross section and branching fraction measured for the inclusive, stage-0, and stage-1 parameters. The top plot corresponds to the process-based stage-1 merging, and the bottom plot to the topology-based stage-1 merging. The ggHprocesses are indicated in blue while the qqH are indicated in yellow, the green squares can contain both ggHand qqH processes as they are solely based on topology.
png pdf	Figure 13-b: Products of the cross section and branching fraction measured for the inclusive, stage-0, and stage-1 parameters. The top plot corresponds to the process-based stage-1 merging, and the bottom plot to the topology-based stage-1 merging. The ggHprocesses are indicated in blue while the qqH are indicated in yellow, the green squares can contain both ggHand qqH processes as they are solely based on topology.
png pdf	Figure 14: Scan of the negative log-likelihood difference as a function of $\kappa _V$ and $\kappa _f$ (left) and the signal strengths for the ggF and VBF productions (right), for ${m_{\mathrm{H}}} =$ 125.09 GeV. All nuisance parameters are profiled for each point.
png pdf	Figure 14-a: Scan of the negative log-likelihood difference as a function of $\kappa _V$ and $\kappa _f$ (left) and the signal strengths for the ggF and VBF productions (right), for ${m_{\mathrm{H}}} =$ 125.09 GeV. All nuisance parameters are profiled for each point.
png pdf	Figure 14-b: Scan of the negative log-likelihood difference as a function of $\kappa _V$ and $\kappa _f$ (left) and the signal strengths for the ggF and VBF productions (right), for ${m_{\mathrm{H}}} =$ 125.09 GeV. All nuisance parameters are profiled for each point.

Tables
png pdf	Table 1: Event selection requirements for the four di- $\tau$ decay channels. The trigger requirement is defined by a combination of trigger candidates with ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ over a given threshold, indicated inside square brackets. The triggers vary with the data taking year, which is indicated inside parentheses. The pseudorapidity thresholds come from trigger and object reconstruction constraints. The ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ thresholds for the lepton selection are driven by the trigger requirements, except for the ${\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ candidate in the $\mu {\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ and e ${\tau _\mathrm {h}}$ channels, and the subleading lepton in the e $\mu$ channel, where they have been optimized to increase the signal sensitivity.
png pdf	Table 2: Analysis categories. The results are extracted by performing a maximum likelihood fit of 2D distributions in these categories using the observables listed in the last column.
png pdf	Table 3: Sources of systematic uncertainties.
png pdf	Table 4: Expected inclusive and stage-0 signal strengths per year with all final states combined, per final state with all years combined, and with all final states and years combined.
png pdf	Table 5: Product of the production cross section $\sigma$ and branching fraction $\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{H} \to \tau \tau)$ measured for the inclusive and stage-0 processes.
png pdf	Table 6: Product of the production cross section $\sigma$ and branching fraction $\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{H} \to \tau \tau)$ measured in the process-based merging scheme.
png pdf	Table 7: Product of the production cross section $\sigma$ and branching fraction $\mathcal {B}(\mathrm{H} \to \tau \tau)$ measured for the stage-1 processes in the topology-based merging scheme.

Summary

A measurement of the

$\mathrm{H}\to\tau\tau$ signal strength, using events recorded in proton-proton collisions by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb

$^{-1}$ , has been presented. The event categories are designed to increase the signal sensitivity, to separate the gluon fusion and vector boson fusion productions, and to provide sensitivity to the simplified template cross section framework, especially at high Higgs boson

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and in event topologies with jets. The results are extracted via maximum likelihood fits in two-dimensional distributions. All results are compatible with the standard model expectation. The best fit of the product of the observed

$\mathrm{H}\to \tau \tau$ signal production cross section and branching fraction is

$\mu=$ 0.85

$^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$ times the standard model expectation, which corresponds to a significant improvement in precision with respect to previous measurements performed in the final state of two

$\tau$ leptons. Cross sections and signal strengths have also been measured in the simplified template cross section framework, providing strong constraints and a good agreement with the standard model in topologies with jets and with Higgs bosons with a large transverse momentum.

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