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| CMS-TOP-22-002 ; CERN-EP-2024-174 | ||
| Search for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark mediated by a Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 21 July 2024 | ||
| Submitted to Phys. Rev. D | ||
| Abstract: A search for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark (t) and the Higgs boson (H) is presented. The search is based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. Events containing a pair of leptons with the same-sign electric charge and at least one jet are considered. The results are used to constrain the branching fraction ($ \mathcal{B} $) of the top quark decaying to a Higgs boson and an up (u) or charm (c) quark. No significant excess above the estimated background was found. The observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level are found to be 0.072% (0.059%) for $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u}) $ and 0.043% (0.062%) for $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c}) $. These results are combined with two other searches performed by the CMS Collaboration for flavor-changing neutral current interactions of top quarks and Higgs bosons in final states with a pair of photons or of bottom quarks. The resulting observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level are 0.019% (0.027%) for $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u}) $ and 0.037% (0.035%) for $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t}\to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c}) $. These results constitute the most stringent limits on these branching fractions to date. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2407.15172 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Representative Feynman diagrams for the production modes considered: $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production with the FCNC decay of the top quark to a Higgs boson and an up or charm quark (TT, left), and FCNC-associated production of a single top quark with a Higgs boson (ST, right). |
png pdf |
Figure 1-a:
Representative Feynman diagrams for the production modes considered: $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production with the FCNC decay of the top quark to a Higgs boson and an up or charm quark (TT, left), and FCNC-associated production of a single top quark with a Higgs boson (ST, right). |
png pdf |
Figure 1-b:
Representative Feynman diagrams for the production modes considered: $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production with the FCNC decay of the top quark to a Higgs boson and an up or charm quark (TT, left), and FCNC-associated production of a single top quark with a Higgs boson (ST, right). |
png pdf |
Figure 2:
The prefit (upper) and postfit (lower) observed and expected distributions of BDT score in the SR for 2016-2018 data are shown. The $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u} $ signal is shown on the left and $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c} $ is shown on the right. The uncertainty bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties in the estimated backgrounds. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-a:
The prefit (upper) and postfit (lower) observed and expected distributions of BDT score in the SR for 2016-2018 data are shown. The $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u} $ signal is shown on the left and $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c} $ is shown on the right. The uncertainty bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties in the estimated backgrounds. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-b:
The prefit (upper) and postfit (lower) observed and expected distributions of BDT score in the SR for 2016-2018 data are shown. The $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u} $ signal is shown on the left and $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c} $ is shown on the right. The uncertainty bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties in the estimated backgrounds. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-c:
The prefit (upper) and postfit (lower) observed and expected distributions of BDT score in the SR for 2016-2018 data are shown. The $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u} $ signal is shown on the left and $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c} $ is shown on the right. The uncertainty bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties in the estimated backgrounds. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-d:
The prefit (upper) and postfit (lower) observed and expected distributions of BDT score in the SR for 2016-2018 data are shown. The $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u} $ signal is shown on the left and $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c} $ is shown on the right. The uncertainty bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties in the estimated backgrounds. |
png pdf |
Figure 3:
The expected (dashed line) and observed (solid line) limits on the coupling strength (left) and on the branching fraction (right) are shown. The green (yellow) bands show the 68 (95)% confidence level ranges of the expected limits. The area to the right and above the solid line is excluded. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-a:
The expected (dashed line) and observed (solid line) limits on the coupling strength (left) and on the branching fraction (right) are shown. The green (yellow) bands show the 68 (95)% confidence level ranges of the expected limits. The area to the right and above the solid line is excluded. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-b:
The expected (dashed line) and observed (solid line) limits on the coupling strength (left) and on the branching fraction (right) are shown. The green (yellow) bands show the 68 (95)% confidence level ranges of the expected limits. The area to the right and above the solid line is excluded. |
png pdf |
Figure 4:
Summary of the observed and expected results from the three individual analyses and their combination. The dotted line shows the expected limits and the solid red lines shows the observed limits. The green and yellow bands show the 68 and 95% confidence level ranges of the expected limits. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of the trigger thresholds used to select the analysis data set. The triggers require two isolated leptons, with different $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ requirements depending on their flavors. For each trigger, the $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ threshold 1 corresponds to the lepton listed first, and the $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ threshold 2 to the lepton listed last. |
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Table 2:
Baseline analysis selections. |
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Table 3:
Sources of systematic uncertainties in the yields of signal and background processes, as well as their impact on the yields in the SRs. The impact is expressed as a one standard deviation range. |
png pdf |
Table 4:
Observed and expected limits on the $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u} $ and $ \mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c} $ branching fractions for the three searches in different Higgs boson decay channels performed by the CMS Collaboration. A statistical combination of the results is also reported. |
| Summary |
| This paper presents the results of a search for flavor changing neutral current interactions of the top quark (t), Higgs boson (H), and an up (u) or charm (c) quark. The search is performed in a final state with a pair of leptons of same electric charge and at least one jet. Expected yields from backgrounds emerging from detector effects are estimated by extrapolating yields observed in control regions using transfer factors measured in orthogonal data or simulated samples. Expected yields from standard model processes producing a pair of prompt leptons with the same-sign electric charge are estimated from simulation. Two trained boosted decision trees are used to evaluate and classify each event. No excess above the estimated background from standard model processes is observed. The observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level (CL) on the branching fraction are found to be 0.072% (0.059%) for $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u}) $ and 0.043% (0.062%) for $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c}) $. These limits can be cast as observed (expected) constraints on the anomalous coupling strengths: $ \kappa_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{u}\mathrm{t}} < 0.071 (0.064) $ and $ \kappa_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{t}} < 0.055 (0.065) $. A statistical combination of the results of this search with those of previous CMS publications searching for the same phenomena where the Higgs boson decays to a bottom quark-antiquark pair or to a pair of photons is performed. The results of this combination lead to observed (expected) exclusion limits at the 95% CL on the branching fractions $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{u}) < 0.019% (0.027%) $ and $ \mathcal{B}(\mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{H}\mathrm{c}) < 0.037% (0.035%) $ and represent the most stringent constraints on these interactions to date. |
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