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| CMS-PAS-HIG-23-015 | ||
| Differential cross section measurement of $ \mathrm{t\bar{t}H} $ production in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV in CMS | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 5 December 2024 | ||
| Abstract: The production of a Higgs (H) boson in association with two top quarks ($ \mathrm{t\bar{t}H} $) in final states containing multiple electrons, muons, or hadronically decaying tau leptons is measured using proton-proton collisions recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The analysis aims at events that contain $ \mathrm{H \rightarrow WW} $ or $ \mathrm{H \rightarrow} \tau \tau $ decays and the top quarks decay into final states with leptons or hadrons. The signal sensitivity is maximized by partitioning the selected events depending on the lepton multiplicity into three exclusive event categories: 2$ \ell $ ``same sign'' + 0 hadronic tau leptons, 2$ \ell $ ``same sign'' + 1 hadronic tau lepton, and 3$ \ell $ ``same sign'' + 0 hadronic tau leptons, where $ \ell $ denotes charged light leptons (e, $ \mu $). Differential production rates are measured as a function of the H boson transverse momentum and of the mass of the $ \mathrm{t\bar{t}H} $ system and found to be compatible with predictions from the standard model of particle physics. This result is the first differential measurement of $ \mathrm{t\bar{t}H} $ production to date by the CMS Collaboration. | ||
| Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ production. |
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Figure 1-a:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ production. |
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Figure 1-b:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ production. |
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Figure 2:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H} $ production via the $ t $-channel ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ in upper left and upper right) and $ s $-channel (middle ) processes, and for associated production of a H boson with a single top quark and a W boson ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ in lower left and lower right). The $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ production processes are shown for the five-flavour scheme described in Section 3. |
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Figure 2-a:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H} $ production via the $ t $-channel ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ in upper left and upper right) and $ s $-channel (middle ) processes, and for associated production of a H boson with a single top quark and a W boson ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ in lower left and lower right). The $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ production processes are shown for the five-flavour scheme described in Section 3. |
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Figure 2-b:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H} $ production via the $ t $-channel ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ in upper left and upper right) and $ s $-channel (middle ) processes, and for associated production of a H boson with a single top quark and a W boson ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ in lower left and lower right). The $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ production processes are shown for the five-flavour scheme described in Section 3. |
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Figure 2-c:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H} $ production via the $ t $-channel ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ in upper left and upper right) and $ s $-channel (middle ) processes, and for associated production of a H boson with a single top quark and a W boson ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ in lower left and lower right). The $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ production processes are shown for the five-flavour scheme described in Section 3. |
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Figure 2-d:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H} $ production via the $ t $-channel ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ in upper left and upper right) and $ s $-channel (middle ) processes, and for associated production of a H boson with a single top quark and a W boson ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ in lower left and lower right). The $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ production processes are shown for the five-flavour scheme described in Section 3. |
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Figure 2-e:
Feynman diagrams at LO for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H} $ production via the $ t $-channel ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ in upper left and upper right) and $ s $-channel (middle ) processes, and for associated production of a H boson with a single top quark and a W boson ($ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ in lower left and lower right). The $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{q} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{W} $ production processes are shown for the five-flavour scheme described in Section 3. |
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Figure 3:
The distribution of the number of jets in the 3$ \ell $ and 4$ \ell $ CRs. In the 3$ \ell $ CR, bins one to four correspond to events without b jets, bins five to eight correspond to events with exactly one b jet, and bins nine to twelve correspond to events with more than one b jet. In the 4$ \ell $ CR, the first bin corresponds to events without jets, the second bin corresponds to events with more than zero jets and exactly one b jet, and the third bin corresponds to events with more than one jet and more than one b jet. The 3$ \ell $ CR is dominated by WZ background, while the 4$ \ell $ CR is dominated by ZZ. |
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Figure 3-a:
The distribution of the number of jets in the 3$ \ell $ and 4$ \ell $ CRs. In the 3$ \ell $ CR, bins one to four correspond to events without b jets, bins five to eight correspond to events with exactly one b jet, and bins nine to twelve correspond to events with more than one b jet. In the 4$ \ell $ CR, the first bin corresponds to events without jets, the second bin corresponds to events with more than zero jets and exactly one b jet, and the third bin corresponds to events with more than one jet and more than one b jet. The 3$ \ell $ CR is dominated by WZ background, while the 4$ \ell $ CR is dominated by ZZ. |
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Figure 3-b:
The distribution of the number of jets in the 3$ \ell $ and 4$ \ell $ CRs. In the 3$ \ell $ CR, bins one to four correspond to events without b jets, bins five to eight correspond to events with exactly one b jet, and bins nine to twelve correspond to events with more than one b jet. In the 4$ \ell $ CR, the first bin corresponds to events without jets, the second bin corresponds to events with more than zero jets and exactly one b jet, and the third bin corresponds to events with more than one jet and more than one b jet. The 3$ \ell $ CR is dominated by WZ background, while the 4$ \ell $ CR is dominated by ZZ. |
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Figure 4:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom) categories. All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
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Figure 4-a:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom) categories. All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
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Figure 4-b:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom) categories. All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
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Figure 4-c:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom) categories. All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
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Figure 5:
Measured differential cross section and uncertainties as a function of the $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ (left) and $ m_{\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}} $ (right) relative to the SM. Yellow band represents the impact of the systematic uncertainties, while the azure band represents the impact of the systematic uncertainties, while the azure band represents the impacts of the statistical uncertainties. |
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Figure 5-a:
Measured differential cross section and uncertainties as a function of the $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ (left) and $ m_{\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}} $ (right) relative to the SM. Yellow band represents the impact of the systematic uncertainties, while the azure band represents the impact of the systematic uncertainties, while the azure band represents the impacts of the statistical uncertainties. |
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Figure 5-b:
Measured differential cross section and uncertainties as a function of the $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ (left) and $ m_{\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}} $ (right) relative to the SM. Yellow band represents the impact of the systematic uncertainties, while the azure band represents the impact of the systematic uncertainties, while the azure band represents the impacts of the statistical uncertainties. |
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Figure 6:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom). All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-a:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom). All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom). All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
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Figure 6-c:
Postfit distributions of the DNN discriminant for 2 $ \ell ss + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper left), 2 $ \ell ss + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (upper right) and 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $ (bottom). All nodes of the DNN classifier are shown in the plots, $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{W} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z} $ are the most abundant backgrounds in the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ node. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Event selections applied in the 2 $ \ell\mkern 1mu\mathrm{ss} + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $, 2 $ \ell\mkern 1mu\mathrm{ss} + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $, 3 $ \ell + 0\tau_\mathrm{h} $, and 3 $ \ell + 1\tau_\mathrm{h} $ channels. The $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ thresholds applied to the lepton of highest, second-highest, and third-highest $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ are separated by slashes. The symbol ``$ \text{---} $'' indicates that no requirement is applied. |
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Table 2:
Input variables for the H boson $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ DNN-based regression. A check mark (\checkmark) indicates the variable is used in a given channel, whereas a long dash ($ \text{---} $) indicates the variable is not used in that channel. The sum of the variables listed in the table corresponds to the sum of their four vectors. The list of variables has been optimized to ensure the best H boson $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ regression per each final state. The most important variables for the classifier are the sum of the first five jets followed by the lepton variables. |
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Table 3:
Binning for the H boson $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ measurement for each channel. |
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Table 4:
Binning for the $ m_{\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}} $ measurement for each channel. |
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Table 5:
Summary of the main systematic uncertainty sources, their type, and the correlations across the three data-taking years. |
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Table 6:
Measured signal strengths and corresponding uncertainties (68% CL) in different H boson $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ bins and $ m_{\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}} $ bins. |
| Summary |
| The production of a Higgs boson in association with two top quarks ($ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $) is measured in final states containing multiple electrons, muons, or tau leptons decaying to hadrons and a neutrino, using proton-proton collisions recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the CMS experiment. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. The analysis is optimised for events that contain $ \mathrm{H}\to\mathrm{W}\mathrm{W} $ or $ \mathrm{H}\to\tau\tau $ decays where each of the top quarks decays either semileptonically or exclusively to jets. The sensitivity to the signal process is maximized by including three signatures in the analysis, depending on the lepton multiplicity. The separation among the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ signal and the background processes is enhanced through machine-learning techniques. Differential production rates are measured as a function of the Higgs boson transverse momentum and of the mass of the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ system and found to be compatible with predictions from the standard model. This result is the first differential measurement of $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H} $ production to date by the CMS Collaboration. |
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