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| CMS-PAS-B2G-21-005 | ||
| Search for a heavy resonance decaying into a top quark and a W boson in the lepton+jets final state at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 20 December 2022 | ||
| Abstract: A search for a heavy resonance decaying into a top quark and a W boson in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV is presented. The data were recorded with the CMS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of up to 138 fb$ ^{-1} $. The analysis is performed in the lepton+jets final state, where the top quark is reconstructed from an electron or muon, missing transverse momentum and a jet identified as originating from a bottom quark. The W boson from the resonance decay is reconstructed as a single large-radius jet, identified by its characteristic substructure. The results are interpreted in the context of an excited bottom quark $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ model. No statistically significant excess over the expected background is found, and $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ quarks with left-handed, right-handed, and vector-like chiralities are excluded at 95% confidence level for masses below 2.4, 2.8, and 3.1 TeV, respectively. | ||
| Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
A leading order Feynman diagram of the signal process $ \mathrm{g}\mathrm{b} \to \mathrm{b}^\ast \to \mathrm{t}\mathrm{W} \to \mathrm{b}\ell\nu\mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}}^\prime $. |
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Figure 2:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 2-a:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 2-b:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 2-c:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 2-d:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 2-e:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 2-f:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass SR (top), high-mass SR (middle) and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 3:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 3-a:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 3-b:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 3-c:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 3-d:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 3-e:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 3-f:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the low-mass CR A (top), high-mass CR A (middle), and low-mass CR C (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png pdf |
Figure 4:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 4-a:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 4-b:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 4-c:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 4-d:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 4-e:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
png |
Figure 4-f:
Distributions in $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ in the high-mass CR C (top), low-mass CR D (middle), and high-mass CR D (bottom), for events with a muon (left) and an electron (right). The data are shown by black markers, the individual background contributions are given by filled histograms. An LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ signal with $ m_{\mathrm{b}^\ast}= $ 2400 GeV is shown as a solid blue line. The shaded region is the uncertainty in the total background estimation. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the background predictions, with the total uncertainty displayed as shaded band. |
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Figure 5:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the production cross section times branching fraction of the LH (top left), RH (top right) and VL (bottom) $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ hypotheses. The observed and expected limits are shown as solid and dashed black lines, respectively. The green and yellow bands show the 68 and 95% confidence intervals on the expected limits. The predicted cross section for $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ production is shown as red line. |
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Figure 5-a:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the production cross section times branching fraction of the LH (top left), RH (top right) and VL (bottom) $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ hypotheses. The observed and expected limits are shown as solid and dashed black lines, respectively. The green and yellow bands show the 68 and 95% confidence intervals on the expected limits. The predicted cross section for $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ production is shown as red line. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-b:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the production cross section times branching fraction of the LH (top left), RH (top right) and VL (bottom) $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ hypotheses. The observed and expected limits are shown as solid and dashed black lines, respectively. The green and yellow bands show the 68 and 95% confidence intervals on the expected limits. The predicted cross section for $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ production is shown as red line. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-c:
Upper limits at 95% CL on the production cross section times branching fraction of the LH (top left), RH (top right) and VL (bottom) $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ hypotheses. The observed and expected limits are shown as solid and dashed black lines, respectively. The green and yellow bands show the 68 and 95% confidence intervals on the expected limits. The predicted cross section for $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ production is shown as red line. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of systematic uncertainties affecting the $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ distributions in the high-mass SR, low-mass SR, QCD CRs and $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ CR. The first column gives the uncertainty source, and the second column indicates if the shape of the $ m_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{W}} $ distribution is affected by the given uncertainty, or gives the size of the normalization uncertainty. The third column shows the samples affected by a given uncertainty source, where 'non' QCD stands for all backgrounds except the QCD background from the ABCD method and 'other' BKG denotes the simulated W+jets and diboson samples. The fourth column shows the impact of the uncertainty on the signal yield $ \mu $, obtained from its post-fit value estimated for an LH $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ quark signal with a mass of 2.4 TeV. |
| Summary |
| A search for a heavy resonance $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ decaying into a top quark t and a W boson in the lepton+jets final state has been presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 138 fb$ ^{-1} $, collected with the CMS experiment during the years 2016, 2017, and 2018. The analysis targets events originating from the semi-leptonic decay of the t quark, and the hadronic W boson decay. Because of the large Lorentz boost of the $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ decay products, the analysis uses non-isolated leptons for the reconstruction of the t quark, and jet substructure information to identify the large-radius jet from the W decay. Events are categorized into low- and high-mass signal regions, optimized for sensitivity to different $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ masses. The uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the dominant background from $ \mathrm{t} \overline{\mathrm{t}} $ production are constrained by including a dedicated control region in the statistical evaluation of the results. The second largest background originating from QCD multijet production is determined from data using a likelihood-based background estimation method. No statistically significant excess of data over the background prediction is observed. A $ \mathrm{b}^\ast $ quark with left-handed, right-handed and vector-like chiralities is excluded at 95% confidence level below masses of 2.4, 2.8, and 3.1 TeV, respectively. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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