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| CMS-PAS-SUS-18-004 | ||
| Search for physics beyond the standard model in final states with two or three soft leptons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| March 2021 | ||
| Abstract: A search for new physics is performed using events with two or three low-momentum (soft) leptons and missing transverse momentum. These signatures are motivated by theoretical models predicting new weakly interacting massive particles with nearly degenerate mass. The search results are based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC from 2016 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 137 fb$^{-1}$. The observed event yields are in agreement with the standard model expectations. The results are interpreted in terms of pair produced electroweakinos ($\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{\pm}$,$\tilde{\chi}_{2}^{0}$) with compressed mass spectra, which are present in natural supersymmetry models with light higgsinos, as well as in terms of the pair production of top squarks nearly mass-degenerate with the lightest neutralino (LSP). For the electroweakino interpretation, two simplified models are considered: a wino-bino model and a higgsino model. In the framework of the wino-bino simplified model, the search probes $\tilde{\chi}_{2}^{0}/\tilde{\chi}_{1}^{\pm}$ masses up to 280 GeV for a mass difference of 10 GeV relative to the LSP, at 95% confidence level. Considering the higgsino model, the probed masses reach up to 215 GeV for a mass difference of 7.5 GeV and 150 GeV in the highly compressed region with a mass difference of 3 GeV. The higgsino search results are further interpreted using a phenomenological MSSM model probing the higgsino mass parameter $\mu$ up to 190 GeV with the bino mass parameter $M_1 = 0.5 M_2$ set to 1000 GeV, where $M_2$ is the wino mass parameter. In the top squark interpretation, masses up to 550 GeV are probed for a mass difference of 30 GeV relative to the LSP in the scenario of four-body top squark decay and in the scenario of a chargino-mediated decay, masses up to 475 GeV are probed for the same mass difference. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
inSPIRE record ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to JHEP. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the TChiWZ model (left) and a top squark pair in the chargino-mediated T2bw model (right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the TChiWZ model (left) and a top squark pair in the chargino-mediated T2bw model (right). |
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Figure 1-b:
Production and decay of electroweakinos in the TChiWZ model (left) and a top squark pair in the chargino-mediated T2bw model (right). |
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Figure 2:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the DY (top) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (bottom) control regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-a:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the DY (top) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (bottom) control regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-b:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the DY (top) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (bottom) control regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-c:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the DY (top) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (bottom) control regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 2-d:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the DY (top) and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ (bottom) control regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 3:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the WZ enriched region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 3-a:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the WZ enriched region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 3-b:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (left) and high (right) MET bins for the WZ enriched region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 4:
The distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the high MET bin for the SS control region. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Figure 5:
The 2$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 5-a:
The 2$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 5-b:
The 2$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 5-c:
The 2$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 5-d:
The 2$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 6:
The 3$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $m^{min}_{\ell \ell \text {,SFOS}}$ variable is shown for the low (left) and medium (right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 6-a:
The 3$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $m^{min}_{\ell \ell \text {,SFOS}}$ variable is shown for the low (left) and medium (right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 6-b:
The 3$\ell $ Ewk search regions: the distribution of the $m^{min}_{\ell \ell \text {,SFOS}}$ variable is shown for the low (left) and medium (right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the TChiWZ model in the scenario where the product of $m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2} $ eigenvalues is positive. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the NLSP and the mass splitting between the NLSP and the LSP. |
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Figure 7:
The 2$\ell $ Stop search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ model. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and the LSP. |
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Figure 7-a:
The 2$\ell $ Stop search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ model. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and the LSP. |
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Figure 7-b:
The 2$\ell $ Stop search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ model. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and the LSP. |
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Figure 7-c:
The 2$\ell $ Stop search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ model. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and the LSP. |
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Figure 7-d:
The 2$\ell $ Stop search regions: the distribution of the $M(\ell \ell)$ variable is shown for the low (top left), medium (top right), high (bottom left) and ultra (bottom right) MET bins. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. The signal distributions overlaid on the plot are from the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ model. The numbers after the model name in the legend indicate the mass of the top squark and the mass splitting between the top squark and the LSP. |
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Figure 8:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the TChiWZ model. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. Results are reported for the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} > $ 0 reweighting scenario on the top and the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} < $ 0 reweighting scenario on the bottom. |
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Figure 8-a:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the TChiWZ model. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. Results are reported for the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} > $ 0 reweighting scenario on the top and the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} < $ 0 reweighting scenario on the bottom. |
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Figure 8-b:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the TChiWZ model. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. Results are reported for the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} > $ 0 reweighting scenario on the top and the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} < $ 0 reweighting scenario on the bottom. |
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Figure 9:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the simplified (top) and the pMSSM (bottom) higgsino model. The simplified model includes both neutralino pair and neutralino-chargino production modes, while the pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} < $ 0 reweighting scenario. |
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Figure 9-a:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the simplified (top) and the pMSSM (bottom) higgsino model. The simplified model includes both neutralino pair and neutralino-chargino production modes, while the pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} < $ 0 reweighting scenario. |
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Figure 9-b:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the simplified (top) and the pMSSM (bottom) higgsino model. The simplified model includes both neutralino pair and neutralino-chargino production modes, while the pMSSM one includes all possible production modes. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. The results are reported for the $m_{\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2}m_{\tilde{\chi}^0_1} < $ 0 reweighting scenario. |
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Figure 10:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ (top) and T2bW (bottom) simplified models. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. |
png pdf |
Figure 10-a:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ (top) and T2bW (bottom) simplified models. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. |
png pdf |
Figure 10-b:
The observed 95% CL exclusion contours (black curves) assuming the NLO+NLL cross sections, with the variations (thin lines) corresponding to the uncertainty in the cross section for the T2b$ff\tilde{\chi}^0_1 $ (top) and T2bW (bottom) simplified models. The red curves present the 95% CL expected limits with the band (thin lines) covering 68% of the limits in the absence of signal. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Definition of the MET bins of the SRs. The boundaries (in GeV) of ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss}}$ and ${{p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^\text {miss,corr}}$ of every bin are described. |
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Table 2:
List of all criteria that events must satisfy in order to be selected in one of the SRs. |
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Table 3:
Summary of changes in the selection criteria with respect to the search regions for all the background regions. |
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Table 4:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the final fit, in the 2$\ell $ Ewk search regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Table 5:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the final fit, in the 3$\ell $ Ewk search regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
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Table 6:
Observed and predicted yields as extracted from the final fit, in the 2$\ell $ Stop search regions. Uncertainties include both the statistical and systematic components. |
| Summary |
|
A search for new physics is performed using events with two or three soft leptons and missing transverse momentum. These signatures are motivated by models predicting a hypothetical Weakly Interacting Massive Particle which originates from the decay of another new particle with nearly degenerate mass. The results are based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2016-2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 137 fb$^{-1}$. The observed event yields are in agreement with the standard model expectations. The results are interpreted in the framework of supersymmetric simplified models targeting electroweakino mass-degenerate spectra and $\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$-$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ mass-degenerate benchmark models. An interpretation of the analysis is performed also in the pMSSM framework. In particular, in the simplified wino-bino model, the $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}_1\to \mathrm{Z}^{*}\mathrm{W}^{*}\tilde{\chi}^0_1\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ process is explored for mass differences ($\Delta m$) between $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$ and $\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ of less than 50 GeV, assuming wino production cross sections. At 95% confidence level, wino-like $\tilde{\chi}^{\pm}_1$/$\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$ masses are excluded up to 280 GeV for a mass difference of 10 GeV relative to the lightest neutralino. The higgsino simplified model is of particular interest; mass-degenerate electroweakinos are expected in natural supersymmetry, which predicts light higgsinos. In this model excluded masses reach up to 215 GeV for $\Delta m$ of 7.5 GeV and 150 GeV for a highly compressed scenario with $\Delta m$ of 3 GeV. In the pMSSM higgsino model, the limits are presented in the higgsino-bino mass parameters $\mu$-$M_1$ plane. The higgsino mass parameter $\mu$ is excluded up to 160 GeV, when the bino mass parameter $M_1$ is 600 GeV and the wino mass parameter $M_2$ is 1200 GeV. For larger values of $M_1$ and $M_2$, the mass splitting $\Delta m (\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2, \tilde{\chi}^0_1)$ becomes smaller and the sensitivity is increased. For $M_1 = $ 1000 GeV, $\mu$ is excluded up to 190 GeV. Finally, two $\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$-$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$ mass-degenerate benchmark models are considered. For the four-body top squark decay model, limits for the $m_{\tilde{\mathrm{t}}}$ at 550 GeV are set with a ($\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$-$\tilde{\chi}^0_1$) mass splitting at 30 GeV, while for the model of a chargino-mediated top squark decay, the mass of the $\tilde{\mathrm{t}}$ is excluded up to 475 GeV for the same mass splitting. |
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