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| CMS-TOP-20-008 ; CERN-EP-2022-245 | ||
| Measurement of the top quark mass using a profile likelihood approach with the lepton+jets final states in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 3 February 2023 | ||
| Eur. Phys. J. C 83 (2023) 963 | ||
| Abstract: The mass of the top quark is measured in 36.3 fb$ ^{-1} $ of LHC proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV. The measurement uses a sample of top quark pair candidate events containing one isolated electron or muon and at least four jets in the final state. For each event, the mass is reconstructed from a kinematic fit of the decay products to a top quark pair hypothesis. A profile likelihood method is applied using up to four observables per event to extract the top quark mass. The top quark mass is measured to be 171.77 $ \pm $ 0.37 GeV. This approach significantly improves the precision over previous measurements. We dedicate this paper to the memory of our friend and colleague Thomas Ferbel, whose innovative work on precision measurements of the top quark mass laid the foundation for this publication. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2302.01967 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; Physics Briefing ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
The top quark mass distribution before (left) and after (right) the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 selection and the kinematic fit. For the simulated $\mathrm{ t \bar{t} }$ events, the jet-parton assignments are classified as correct, wrong, and unmatched permutations, as described in the text. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
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Figure 1-a:
The top quark mass distribution before the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 selection and the kinematic fit. For the simulated $\mathrm{ t \bar{t} }$ events, the jet-parton assignments are classified as correct, wrong, and unmatched permutations, as described in the text. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panel shows the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
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Figure 1-b:
The top quark mass distribution after the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 selection and the kinematic fit. For the simulated $\mathrm{ t \bar{t} }$ events, the jet-parton assignments are classified as correct, wrong, and unmatched permutations, as described in the text. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panel shows the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
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Figure 2:
The distributions of the reconstructed W boson mass for the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 category (left) and of the invariant mass of the lepton and the jet assigned to the semileptonic decaying top quark for the $ P_\text{gof} < $ 0.2 category (right). The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-a:
The distribution of the reconstructed W boson mass for the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 category. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panel shows the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 2-b:
The distribution of the invariant mass of the lepton and the jet assigned to the semileptonic decaying top quark for the $ P_\text{gof} < $ 0.2 category. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panel shows the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 3:
The distributions of $ m_{\ell\mathrm{b}}^{\,\text{reco}}/m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{fit}} $ (left) and of $ R_{\mathrm{b}\mathrm{q}}^{\,\text{reco}} $ (right), both for the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 category. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panels show the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-a:
The distribution of $ m_{\ell\mathrm{b}}^{\,\text{reco}}/m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{fit}} $, for the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 category. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panel shows the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 3-b:
The distribution of $ R_{\mathrm{b}\mathrm{q}}^{\,\text{reco}} $, for the $ P_\text{gof} > $ 0.2 category. The uncertainty bands contain statistical uncertainties in the simulation, normalization uncertainties due to luminosity and cross section, jet energy correction uncertainties, and all uncertainties that are evaluated from event-based weights. A large part of the depicted uncertainties on the expected event yields are correlated. The lower panel shows the ratio of data to the prediction. A value of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{gen}} = $ 172.5 GeV is used in the simulation. |
png pdf |
Figure 4:
Left: Comparison of the expected total uncertainty in $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ in the combined lepton+jets channel and for the different observable-category sets defined in Table 1. Right: The difference between the measured and generated $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ values, divided by the uncertainty reported by the fit from pseudo-experiments without (red) or with (blue) the statistical nuisance parameters $ \vec{\beta} $ and $ \vec{\omega} $ in the 5D ML fit. Also included in the legend are the $ \mu $ and $ \sigma $ parameters of Gaussian functions (red and blue lines) fit to the histograms. |
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Figure 4-a:
Comparison of the expected total uncertainty in $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ in the combined lepton+jets channel and for the different observable-category sets defined in Table 1. |
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Figure 4-b:
The difference between the measured and generated $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ values, divided by the uncertainty reported by the fit from pseudo-experiments without (red) or with (blue) the statistical nuisance parameters $ \vec{\beta} $ and $ \vec{\omega} $ in the 5D ML fit. Also included in the legend are the $ \mu $ and $ \sigma $ parameters of Gaussian functions (red and blue lines) fit to the histograms. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
Measurement of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ in the three different channels for the different sets of observables and categories as defined in Table 1. |
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Figure 6:
Distribution of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{fit}} $ (upper) and the additional observables (lower) that are the input to the 5D ML fit and their post-fit probability density functions for the combined fit to the electron+jets (left) and muon+jets (right) channels. The lower panels show the ratio of data and post-fit template values. The green and yellow bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence levels in the fit uncertainty. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-a:
Distribution of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{fit}} $ and its post-fit probability density function for the combined fit to the electron+jets channel. The lower panel shows the ratio of data and post-fit template values. The green and yellow bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence levels in the fit uncertainty. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
Distribution of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}}^{\,\text{fit}} $ and its post-fit probability density function for the combined fit to the muon+jets channel. The lower panel shows the ratio of data and post-fit template values. The green and yellow bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence levels in the fit uncertainty. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-c:
Distribution of additional observables that are the input to the 5D ML fit and their post-fit probability density functions for the combined fit to the electron+jets channel. The lower panel shows the ratio of data and post-fit template values. The green and yellow bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence levels in the fit uncertainty. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-d:
Distribution of additional observables that are the input to the 5D ML fit and their post-fit probability density functions for the combined fit to the muon+jets channel. The lower panel shows the ratio of data and post-fit template values. The green and yellow bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence levels in the fit uncertainty. |
png pdf |
Figure 7:
Measurement of $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ in the combined lepton+jets channel using the 5D set of observables and categories. The left plot shows the post-fit pulls on the most important nuisance parameters and the numbers quote the post-fit uncertainty in the nuisance parameter. The right plot shows their pre-fit (lighter colored bars) and post-fit impacts (darker colored bars) on $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ for up (red) and down (blue) variations. The post-fit impacts include the contribution from the nuisance parameters accounting for the limited size of simulation samples (MC stat. as gray-dotted areas). The average of the post-fit impacts for up and down variations is printed on the right. The rows are sorted by the size of the averaged post-fit impact. The statistical uncertainty in $ m_{\,\mathrm{t}} $ is depicted in the corresponding row. |
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Figure 8:
Dependence of the 5D result on the assumed correlation $ \rho_\text{{FSR}} $ between the FSR PS scales in the lepton+jets channel. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
The overall list of different input histograms and their inclusion in a certain histogram set. A histogram marked with "$ \times $" is included in a set (measurement). |
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Table 2:
Comparison of the uncertainty in the top quark mass in the previous measurement [13] and the new 2D and 5D results in the lepton+jets channel. |
| Summary |
| The mass of the top quark is measured using LHC proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 with the CMS detector at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb$ ^{-1} $. The measurement uses a sample of $\mathrm{ t \bar{t} }$ events containing one isolated electron or muon and at least four jets in the final state. For each event, the mass is reconstructed from a kinematic fit of the decay products to a $\mathrm{ t \bar{t} }$ hypothesis. A likelihood method is applied using up to four observables per event to extract the top quark mass and constrain the influences of systematic effects, which are included as nuisance parameters in the likelihood. The top quark mass is measured to be 171.77 $ \pm $ 0.37 GeV. This result achieves a considerable improvement compared to all previously published top quark mass measurements and supersedes the previously published measurement in this channel on the same data set. |
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