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| CMS-PAS-B2G-17-013 | ||
| Search for new heavy resonances decaying into a Z boson and a massive vector boson in the $ 2 \ell 2 \mathrm{q} $ final state at $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| December 2017 | ||
| Abstract: This paper describes a search for new heavy diboson resonances decaying to the $ 2 \ell 2 \mathrm{q} $ final state, with two charged leptons ($\ell=e,\mu$) produced by the decay of a Z boson, and two quarks produced by the hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. The search is performed for resonance masses from 400 to 4500 GeV. Two categories are defined based on the merged or resolved reconstruction of the hadronically decaying vector boson, optimized for high- and low-mass resonances respectively. The search is based on data collected during 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. Upper limits on the production cross section of heavy spin-1 and spin-2 resonances are derived as a function of the resonance mass, and exclusion limits of W' and bulk graviton particles are produced in the framework of the heavy vector triplet model and warped extra dimensions, respectively. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
inSPIRE record ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, JHEP 09 (2018) 101. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Top row: distribution of the merged V candidate $ {\tau _{21}} $ (left) and jet $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ (right) after applying the $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.4 cut in data and simulation for events in the signal region of the low-mass search. Bottom row: V candidate $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ (left) and $ {m_\mathrm {jj}} $ (right) in data and simulation for events in the signal regions of the low-mass search. Backgrounds are shown separately for the dominant Z+jets contribution (green), the ZV SM diboson contribution (red), and the lepton flavor symmetric backgrounds derived from e$\mu$ data (cyan). The gray band shows the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) shows the expected SM Higgs mass range, which is excluded from the analysis. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The background normalization is derived from a fit to the $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ observable in the signal and sideband regions. |
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Figure 1-a:
Distribution of the merged V candidate $ {\tau _{21}} $ after applying the $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.4 cut in data and simulation for events in the signal region of the low-mass search. Backgrounds are shown separately for the dominant Z+jets contribution (green), the ZV SM diboson contribution (red), and the lepton flavor symmetric backgrounds derived from e$\mu$ data (cyan). The gray band shows the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) shows the expected SM Higgs mass range, which is excluded from the analysis. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The background normalization is derived from a fit to the $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ observable in the signal and sideband regions. |
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Figure 1-b:
Distribution of the merged V candidate jet $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ after applying the $ {\tau _{21}} < $ 0.4 cut in data and simulation for events in the signal region of the low-mass search. Backgrounds are shown separately for the dominant Z+jets contribution (green), the ZV SM diboson contribution (red), and the lepton flavor symmetric backgrounds derived from e$\mu$ data (cyan). The gray band shows the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) shows the expected SM Higgs mass range, which is excluded from the analysis. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The background normalization is derived from a fit to the $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ observable in the signal and sideband regions. |
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Figure 1-c:
V candidate $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ in data and simulation for events in the signal regions of the low-mass search. Backgrounds are shown separately for the dominant Z+jets contribution (green), the ZV SM diboson contribution (red), and the lepton flavor symmetric backgrounds derived from e$\mu$ data (cyan). The gray band shows the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) shows the expected SM Higgs mass range, which is excluded from the analysis. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The background normalization is derived from a fit to the $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ observable in the signal and sideband regions. |
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Figure 1-d:
V candidate $ {m_\mathrm {jj}} $ in data and simulation for events in the signal regions of the low-mass search. Backgrounds are shown separately for the dominant Z+jets contribution (green), the ZV SM diboson contribution (red), and the lepton flavor symmetric backgrounds derived from e$\mu$ data (cyan). The gray band shows the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) shows the expected SM Higgs mass range, which is excluded from the analysis. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The background normalization is derived from a fit to the $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ observable in the signal and sideband regions. |
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Figure 2:
The $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ distributions of the data events, compared to the expected background shape, for the high-mass analysis in the electron (top) and muon (bottom) channels, for the high (left) and low (right) purity categories. The expected background shape is extracted from a fit to the data sidebands (Z+jets) or derived from simulation (Top and VV). The shaded area represents the uncertainty in the Z+jets distribution, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) refers to the expected SM Higgs mass range, excluded from the analysis. The bottom panels show the pull distribution between data and SM background expectation from the fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. |
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Figure 2-a:
The $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ distribution of the data events, compared to the expected background shape, for the high-mass analysis in the electron channel, for the high purity category. The expected background shape is extracted from a fit to the data sidebands (Z+jets) or derived from simulation (Top and VV). The shaded area represents the uncertainty in the Z+jets distribution, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) refers to the expected SM Higgs mass range, excluded from the analysis. The bottom panel shows the pull distribution between data and SM background expectation from the fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. |
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Figure 2-b:
The $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ distribution of the data events, compared to the expected background shape, for the high-mass analysis in the electron channel, for the low purity category. The expected background shape is extracted from a fit to the data sidebands (Z+jets) or derived from simulation (Top and VV). The shaded area represents the uncertainty in the Z+jets distribution, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) refers to the expected SM Higgs mass range, excluded from the analysis. The bottom panel shows the pull distribution between data and SM background expectation from the fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. |
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Figure 2-c:
The $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ distribution of the data events, compared to the expected background shape, for the high-mass analysis in the muon channel, for the high purity category. The expected background shape is extracted from a fit to the data sidebands (Z+jets) or derived from simulation (Top and VV). The shaded area represents the uncertainty in the Z+jets distribution, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) refers to the expected SM Higgs mass range, excluded from the analysis. The bottom panel shows the pull distribution between data and SM background expectation from the fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. |
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Figure 2-d:
The $ {m_\mathrm {j}} $ distribution of the data events, compared to the expected background shape, for the high-mass analysis in the muon channel, for the low purity category. The expected background shape is extracted from a fit to the data sidebands (Z+jets) or derived from simulation (Top and VV). The shaded area represents the uncertainty in the Z+jets distribution, while the dashed vertical region (Higgs) refers to the expected SM Higgs mass range, excluded from the analysis. The bottom panel shows the pull distribution between data and SM background expectation from the fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. |
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Figure 3:
Expected and observed distributions of the resonance candidate mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ in the high-mass analysis, in the electron (top) and muon (bottom) channels, and separately for the high (left) and low purity (right) categories. The shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty in the background. The bottom panels show the pull distribution between data and post-fit SM background fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. The expected contribution from W' signal candidates with mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {X}}}} = $ 2000 GeV, normalized to a cross section of 100 fb, is also shown (red line). |
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Figure 3-a:
Expected and observed distributions of the resonance candidate mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ in the high-mass analysis, in the electron channel, for the high purity category. The shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty in the background. The bottom panels show the pull distribution between data and post-fit SM background fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. The expected contribution from W' signal candidates with mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {X}}}} = $ 2000 GeV, normalized to a cross section of 100 fb, is also shown (red line). |
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Figure 3-b:
Expected and observed distributions of the resonance candidate mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ in the high-mass analysis, in the electron channel, for the low purity category. The shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty in the background. The bottom panels show the pull distribution between data and post-fit SM background fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. The expected contribution from W' signal candidates with mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {X}}}} = $ 2000 GeV, normalized to a cross section of 100 fb, is also shown (red line). |
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Figure 3-c:
Expected and observed distributions of the resonance candidate mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ in the high-mass analysis, in the muon channel, for the high purity category. The shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty in the background. The bottom panels show the pull distribution between data and post-fit SM background fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. The expected contribution from W' signal candidates with mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {X}}}} = $ 2000 GeV, normalized to a cross section of 100 fb, is also shown (red line). |
png pdf |
Figure 3-d:
Expected and observed distributions of the resonance candidate mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ in the high-mass analysis, in the muon channel, for the low purity category. The shaded area represents the post-fit uncertainty in the background. The bottom panels show the pull distribution between data and post-fit SM background fit, where $\sigma _\text {data}$ is the Poisson uncertainty in the data. The expected contribution from W' signal candidates with mass $ {m_{{\mathrm {X}}}} = $ 2000 GeV, normalized to a cross section of 100 fb, is also shown (red line). |
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Figure 4:
Sideband $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distributions for the low-mass search in the merged V (top), resolved V (bottom), untagged (left) and tagged (right) categories, after fitting the sideband data alone. The points show the data while the filled histograms show the background contributions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
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Figure 4-a:
Sideband $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search in the merged V, untagged category, after fitting the sideband data alone. The points show the data while the filled histograms show the background contributions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-b:
Sideband $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search in the merged V, tagged category, after fitting the sideband data alone. The points show the data while the filled histograms show the background contributions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-c:
Sideband $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search in the resolved V, untagged category, after fitting the sideband data alone. The points show the data while the filled histograms show the background contributions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-d:
Sideband $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search in the resolved V, tagged category, after fitting the sideband data alone. The points show the data while the filled histograms show the background contributions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
The signal region $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distributions for the low-mass search, in the the merged V (top), resolved V (bottom), untagged (left) and tagged (right) categories, after fitting the signal and sideband regions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-a:
The signal region $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search, in the the merged V, untagged category, after fitting the signal and sideband regions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-b:
The signal region $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search, in the the merged V, tagged category, after fitting the signal and sideband regions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-c:
The signal region $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search, in the the resolved V, untagged category, after fitting the signal and sideband regions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-d:
The signal region $ {m_{{\mathrm {V}\mathrm {Z}}}} $ distribution for the low-mass search, in the the resolved V, tagged category, after fitting the signal and sideband regions. Electron and muon events are shown combined. A 600 GeV bulk graviton signal prediction is represented by the black dashed histogram. The gray band indicates the statistical and post-fit systematic uncertainties in the normalization and shape of the background. |
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Figure 6:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma _{{\mathrm {W}} '} {\mathcal {B}} ({\mathrm {W}} '\to {\mathrm {Z}\mathrm {W}})$ (left) and $\sigma _{{\mathrm {G}}} {\mathcal {B}} ({\mathrm {G}} \to {\mathrm {Z}\mathrm {Z}})$ (right) as a function of the resonance mass, including all statistical and systematic uncertainties. The electron and muon channels and the various categories used in the analysis are combined together. The green and yellow bands represent the 68% and 95% coverage of the expected limit in the background-only hypothesis. The dashed vertical line represents the separation between the low- and the high-mass analysis strategy. Theoretical predictions for the signal production cross section are also shown: (left) W' produced in the framework of HVT model A with $g_\text {v}= $ 1 and model B with $g_\text {v}= $ 3; (right) G produced in the WED bulk graviton model with $ \tilde{\kappa} = $ 0.5. |
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Figure 6-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma _{{\mathrm {W}} '} {\mathcal {B}} ({\mathrm {W}} '\to {\mathrm {Z}\mathrm {W}})$ as a function of the resonance mass, including all statistical and systematic uncertainties. The electron and muon channels and the various categories used in the analysis are combined together. The green and yellow bands represent the 68% and 95% coverage of the expected limit in the background-only hypothesis. The dashed vertical line represents the separation between the low- and the high-mass analysis strategy. Theoretical predictions for the signal production cross section are also shown: (left) W' produced in the framework of HVT model A with $g_\text {v}= $ 1 and model B with $g_\text {v}= $ 3; (right) G produced in the WED bulk graviton model with $ \tilde{\kappa} = $ 0.5. |
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Figure 6-b:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma _{{\mathrm {G}}} {\mathcal {B}} ({\mathrm {G}} \to {\mathrm {Z}\mathrm {Z}})$ as a function of the resonance mass, including all statistical and systematic uncertainties. The electron and muon channels and the various categories used in the analysis are combined together. The green and yellow bands represent the 68% and 95% coverage of the expected limit in the background-only hypothesis. The dashed vertical line represents the separation between the low- and the high-mass analysis strategy. Theoretical predictions for the signal production cross section are also shown: (left) W' produced in the framework of HVT model A with $g_\text {v}= $ 1 and model B with $g_\text {v}= $ 3; (right) G produced in the WED bulk graviton model with $ \tilde{\kappa} = $ 0.5. |
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Figure 7:
Observed local p-values for W' (left) and G (right) narrow resonances as a function of the resonance mass. The dashed vertical line represents the separation between the low- and the high-mass analysis strategy. |
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Figure 7-a:
Observed local p-values for W' narrow resonance as a function of the resonance mass. The dashed vertical line represents the separation between the low- and the high-mass analysis strategy. |
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Figure 7-b:
Observed local p-values for G narrow resonance as a function of the resonance mass. The dashed vertical line represents the separation between the low- and the high-mass analysis strategy. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of systematic uncertainties affecting the normalization of background and signal samples. In the case a systematic uncertainty depends on the resonance mass (for signal) or on the category (for background), the smallest and largest values are reported in the table. A dash (-) represents uncertainties either estimated to be negligible (below 0.1%), or not applicable in the specific analysis category. |
| Summary |
| A search for heavy resonances decaying into a Z boson and a Z or a W boson in the 2$\ell$2q final state has been presented. The data analyzed was collected by the CMS experiment from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV during 2016 operations at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The final state searched for consists of a Z boson decaying leptonically into an electron or muon pair, and the decay of an additional W or Z boson into a pair of quarks. Two analysis strategies, dedicated to the low- and high-mass regimes, have been used to set limits in the range of resonance mass from 400 GeV to 4.5 TeV. Depending on the resonance mass, upper expected limits of 3-3000 fb and 1.5-400 fb have been set on the product of the cross section of a spin-1 W' signal and the ZW branching fraction, and on a spin-2 graviton signal and the ZZ branching fraction, respectively. The results of the present analysis extend the ones previously obtained by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations in the analogous final state [46,10]. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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