CMS-PAS-HIN-21-008

CMS-PAS-HIN-21-008
Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy of charmonia in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
CMS Collaboration
April 2022

Abstract: The second-order ( $v_{2}$ ) and third-order ( $v_{3}$ ) Fourier coefficients describing the azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt J/ $\psi$ and prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons are measured in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}=$ 5.02 TeV. The analysis uses a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 nb $^{-1}$ recorded with the CMS detector in 2018. J/ $\psi$ and $\psi$ (2S) mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay channel. The $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ values are extracted using the scalar product method and studied as functions of meson transverse momentum and PbPb collision centrality. The measured $v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons are larger than of those of nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons. The study of azimuthal anisotropy for prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons is reported for the first time, showing $v_{2}$ larger than that of J/ $\psi$ mesons.
Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to JHEP. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here.

Figures & Tables	Summary	Additional Figures	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: Invariant mass (left) and $\ell _{\mathrm{J}/\psi}$ (right) distributions for the bin of 3 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 4.5 GeV/ $c$ and 0 $< v_{2} <$ 0.3 in centrality 10-60%. The solid lines represent the total fit while the dashed and dashed-dotted lines represent the prompt and nonprompt components, respectively. The background dimuons are described by the shaded boxes.
png pdf	Figure 1-a: Invariant mass (left) and $\ell _{\mathrm{J}/\psi}$ (right) distributions for the bin of 3 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 4.5 GeV/ $c$ and 0 $< v_{2} <$ 0.3 in centrality 10-60%. The solid lines represent the total fit while the dashed and dashed-dotted lines represent the prompt and nonprompt components, respectively. The background dimuons are described by the shaded boxes.
png pdf	Figure 1-b: Invariant mass (left) and $\ell _{\mathrm{J}/\psi}$ (right) distributions for the bin of 3 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 4.5 GeV/ $c$ and 0 $< v_{2} <$ 0.3 in centrality 10-60%. The solid lines represent the total fit while the dashed and dashed-dotted lines represent the prompt and nonprompt components, respectively. The background dimuons are described by the shaded boxes.
png pdf	Figure 2: Simultaneous fits of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the ${v_{2}} ^{S+B}$ (left) and ${v_{3}} ^{S+B}$ (right) distributions for $\psi$ (2S), as defined in Equation 4 for 6.5 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 10 GeV/ $c$ and centrality 10-60%. In the top panel, the solid (signal + background) and dashed (background only) blue lines show the result of the mass fit. In the bottom panel, the vertical lines of the $v^{s}_{n}$ points represent the statistical uncertainty. The solid ( $v_{n}$ signal) and dashed ( $v_{n}$ background) lines indicate the corresponding fit to the $v_{n}$ distributions.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: Simultaneous fits of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the ${v_{2}} ^{S+B}$ (left) and ${v_{3}} ^{S+B}$ (right) distributions for $\psi$ (2S), as defined in Equation 4 for 6.5 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 10 GeV/ $c$ and centrality 10-60%. In the top panel, the solid (signal + background) and dashed (background only) blue lines show the result of the mass fit. In the bottom panel, the vertical lines of the $v^{s}_{n}$ points represent the statistical uncertainty. The solid ( $v_{n}$ signal) and dashed ( $v_{n}$ background) lines indicate the corresponding fit to the $v_{n}$ distributions.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: Simultaneous fits of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the ${v_{2}} ^{S+B}$ (left) and ${v_{3}} ^{S+B}$ (right) distributions for $\psi$ (2S), as defined in Equation 4 for 6.5 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 10 GeV/ $c$ and centrality 10-60%. In the top panel, the solid (signal + background) and dashed (background only) blue lines show the result of the mass fit. In the bottom panel, the vertical lines of the $v^{s}_{n}$ points represent the statistical uncertainty. The solid ( $v_{n}$ signal) and dashed ( $v_{n}$ background) lines indicate the corresponding fit to the $v_{n}$ distributions.
png pdf	Figure 3: $v_{2}$ (top) and $v_{3}$ (bottom) values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (left panel) and collision centrality (right panel) for prompt and nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons. The results for ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 3-6.5 and 6.5-50 GeV/ $c$ are studied in the rapidity range of 1.6 $< {\| y \|} <$ 2.4 and ${\| y \|} <$ 2.4, respectively (left panel). The ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ range for the right panel is ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 6.5-50 GeV/ $c$ and rapidity of ${\| y \|} <$ 2.4. The vertical bars denote the statistical uncertainties, and the rectangular bands show the systematic uncertainties.
png pdf	Figure 4: $v_{2}$ (top) and $v_{3}$ (bottom) values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (left panel) and $N_{part}$ (right panel) for prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons. The results for ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 4-6.5 and 6.5-50 GeV/ $c$ are studied in the rapidity range of 1.6 $< {\| y \|} <$ 2.4 and ${\| y \|} <$ 2.4, respectively (left panel). The ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ range for the right panel is ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ 6.5-50 GeV/ $c$ and rapidity of ${\| y \|} <$ 2.4. The vertical bars denote the statistical uncertainties, and the rectangular bands show the systematic uncertainties.

Tables
png pdf	Table 1: Summary of dominant systematic uncertainties

Summary

The second-order (

$v_{2}$ ) and third-order (

$v_{3}$ ) Fourier coefficients of the azimuthal distributions for prompt and nonprompt J/

$\psi$ mesons and prompt

$\psi$ (2S) mesons are measured in PbPb collisions as functions of

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and PbPb collision centrality. The

$v_{2}$ values for prompt and nonprompt J/

$\psi$ mesons both indicate a decreasing trend from mid-central towards central collision events. On the other hand, the

$v_{2}$ is found to be flat for

${p_{\mathrm{T}}} >$ 9 GeV/

$c$ for prompt J/

$\psi$ mesons while the dependence on

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ is found to be weak for nonprompt J/

$\psi$ mesons. The prompt J/

$\psi$

$v_{2}$ values are found to be larger than that of nonprompt J/

$\psi$ throughout studied kinematic region, suggesting different in-medium effects for charm and beauty quarks. The observation of sizable and flattened

$v_{2}$ values at high-

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ for prompt J/

$\psi$ mesons provides a hint of the contribution of jet quenching for prompt J/

$\psi$ suppression. The

$v_{3}$ values of prompt and nonprompt J/

$\psi$ are reported for the first time, where the results show consistency with zero in the measured

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ and centrality intervals. Also, the

$v_{2}$ and

$v_{3}$ values for prompt

$\psi$ (2S) mesons are measured for the first time. The results show larger

$v_{2}$ values than J/

$\psi$ mesons in mid-

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ region, indicating different degrees of recombination contribution for J/

$\psi$ and

$\psi$ (2S) mesons. The measured

$v_{3}$ values for both J/

$\psi$ and

$\psi$ (2S) are found to be consistent to zero within uncertainties in the overall kinematic range. These measurements provide a new insight in the understanding of the dynamics and in-medium effects of charmonia in heavy ion collisions.

Additional Figures
png pdf	Additional Figure 1: $v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range measured at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV (blue circles) and ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 2.76 TeV (black squares) [20]. Both results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 2: $v_{2}$ values for the nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range measured at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV (red diamonds) and ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 2.76 TeV (black squares) [20]. Both results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 3: $v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons measured with CMS (blue circles) and ATLAS (green squares) [19], and inclusive J/ $\psi$ mesons with ALICE (pink crosses) [21] as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 4: $v_{2}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ measured for nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons with CMS (red diamonds) and ATLAS (green squares) [19], and for bottom hadron decay muons (blue crosses) with ATLAS [43] at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 5: $v_{3}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ measured for prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles) and prompt D $^{0}$ mesons (green squares) [40] with CMS, for inclusive J/ $\psi$ mesons with ALICE (pink crosses) [21], and for charm hadron decay muons with ATLAS (brown triangles) [43] at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 6: $v_{3}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ measured for nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and nonprompt D $^{0}$ mesons (green squares) [44] with CMS, and for bottom hadron decay muons with ATLAS (brown triangles) [43] at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV. CMS results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 7: $v_{2}$ values as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range for prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (red diamonds), prompt D $^{0}$ mesons (green squares) [40], nonprompt D $^{0}$ mesons (brown stars) [44], $\Upsilon$ (1S) mesons (purple crosses) [23], and charged hadrons (gray band) [45] measured with CMS at ${\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV. J/ $\psi$ results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 8: $v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons (green squares) as a function of $\langle N_{\mathrm {part}} \rangle$ for 6.5 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 50 GeV/ $c$ . The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 9: $v_{2}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$ (2S) (green squares) as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range. All three results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 10: $v_{3}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons (green squares) as a function of $N_{\mathrm {part}}$ for 6.5 $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} <$ 50 GeV/ $c$ . The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 11: $v_{3}$ values for the prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles), nonprompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (red diamonds) and prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons (green squares) as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range. All three results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 12: $v_{2}$ (top) and $v_{3}$ (bottom) values of prompt J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles) and prompt $\psi$ (2S) mesons (green squares) as functions of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ (left) and $\langle N_{\mathrm {part}} \rangle$ . Both results are shown in rapidity 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 (open markers) and $\|y\| <$ 2.4 (closed markers). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.
png pdf	Additional Figure 13: The $v_{2}$ values of J/ $\psi$ mesons (blue circles) as a function of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in the 10-60% centrality range compared with a theoretical calculation using leading power NRQCD and LBT model [46] (green dashed line). The results for 3 $< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 6.5 and 6.5 $< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 50 GeVc are studied in the rapidity range of 1.6 $< \|y\| <$ 2.4 and $\|y\| <$ 2.4, respectively. The vertical bars denote the statistical uncertainties, and the rectangular bands show the systematic uncertainties.

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