CMS-PAS-HIG-18-003

CMS-PAS-HIG-18-003
A search for pair production of new light bosons decaying into muons at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
CMS Collaboration
July 2018

Abstract: This letter presents a search for new light bosons decaying into muon pairs using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb $^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The search is model independent, only requiring the pair production of a new light boson and its subsequent decay to a pair of muons. No significant deviation is observed from the predicted background and a model independent limit is set on the product of the cross section, branching ratio, and acceptance as a function of mass. This limit varies between 0.16 fb and 0.45 fb over a range of new light boson masses from 0.25 GeV to 8.5 GeV. It is then interpreted in the context of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and a dark supersymmetry model that allows for non-negligible light boson lifetimes.
Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, PLB 796 (2019) 131. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here.

Figures & Tables	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: Left: The distribution of the invariant masses $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1}$ vs. $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ for the isolated dimuon systems. There are 56 events in the data (bullets) that pass all selection criteria except for the $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1} \simeq m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ requirement and thus fall outside the diagonal region. The diagonal signal region $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1} \simeq m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ (outlined with dashed lines) contains the 13 events observed in data (triangles) that pass all selection criteria. The expected SM background distribution is indicated by the color scale. Right: The 95% CL upper limit set on ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to 2 \text {a} + \text {X}) \times \mathcal {B}^2 (\text {a} \rightarrow 2 {\mu}) \times \alpha _\text {Gen}}$ over the range 0.25 $< m_{{\mathrm {a}}} <$ 8.5 GeV.
png pdf	Figure 1-a: Left: The distribution of the invariant masses $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1}$ vs. $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ for the isolated dimuon systems. There are 56 events in the data (bullets) that pass all selection criteria except for the $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1} \simeq m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ requirement and thus fall outside the diagonal region. The diagonal signal region $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1} \simeq m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ (outlined with dashed lines) contains the 13 events observed in data (triangles) that pass all selection criteria. The expected SM background distribution is indicated by the color scale. Right: The 95% CL upper limit set on ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to 2 \text {a} + \text {X}) \times \mathcal {B}^2 (\text {a} \rightarrow 2 {\mu}) \times \alpha _\text {Gen}}$ over the range 0.25 $< m_{{\mathrm {a}}} <$ 8.5 GeV.
png pdf	Figure 1-b: Left: The distribution of the invariant masses $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1}$ vs. $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ for the isolated dimuon systems. There are 56 events in the data (bullets) that pass all selection criteria except for the $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1} \simeq m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ requirement and thus fall outside the diagonal region. The diagonal signal region $m_{({\mu} {\mu})_1} \simeq m_{({\mu} {\mu})_2}$ (outlined with dashed lines) contains the 13 events observed in data (triangles) that pass all selection criteria. The expected SM background distribution is indicated by the color scale. Right: The 95% CL upper limit set on ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to 2 \text {a} + \text {X}) \times \mathcal {B}^2 (\text {a} \rightarrow 2 {\mu}) \times \alpha _\text {Gen}}$ over the range 0.25 $< m_{{\mathrm {a}}} <$ 8.5 GeV.
png pdf	Figure 2: Left: The 95% CL upper limits in the NMSSM scenario as functions of ${m_{\text {h}_1}}$ on ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1,2} \to 2 \text {a}_1) \times \mathcal {B}^2(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})}$ with $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 0.25 GeV (dashed curve) and $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 3.55 GeV (dotted curve). The limits are compared to a representative predicted rate (solid curve) obtained using a simplified scenario where $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_1)=\sigma _\mathrm {SM}(m_{\text {h}_1})$ [60], ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_2) \times \mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text {a}_1) = 0}$ , $\mathcal {B}(\text {h}_1 \to 2 \text {a}_1) = 0.3%$ , and $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu}) = 7.7%$ . For the chosen $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ , taken from [46], $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 2 GeV and NMSSM parameter $\tan\beta = 20$ . The figure is separated into two regions: $m_{\text {h}_i}=m_{\text {h}_1} < 125 GeV$ with $m_{\text {h}_2}$ = 125 GeV (unshaded), and $m_{\text {h}_1}$ = 125 GeV with $m_{\text {h}_i}=m_{\text {h}_2} > 125 GeV$ (shaded). Right: The 95% CL upper limits as functions of $m_{\text {a}_1}$ in the NMSSM scenario on $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1,2} \to 2 \text {a}_1) \times \mathcal {B}^2(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ with $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 90 GeV (dashed curve), $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 125 GeV (dash-dotted curve), and $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 150 GeV (dotted curve). These limits are compared to a representative predicted rate (solid curve) from a simplified case in which $\mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{1} \to 2 \text {a}_1) = 0.3%$ , $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1})=\sigma _\mathrm {SM}(m_{\text {h}_{1}} = 125 GeV)$ [60], and $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_2) \times \mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text {a}_1) = 0$ . Additionally, $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ as a function of $m_{\text {a}_1}$ is taken from [46] and assumes that the NMSSM parameter $\tan\beta$ is 20. The simplified scenario includes gg-fusion, VBF, and VH production modes. The structures in the predicted curves arise because $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \rightarrow gg)$ varies rapidly as $m_{\text {a}_1}$ crosses internal quark loop thresholds [46].
png pdf	Figure 2-a: Left: The 95% CL upper limits in the NMSSM scenario as functions of ${m_{\text {h}_1}}$ on ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1,2} \to 2 \text {a}_1) \times \mathcal {B}^2(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})}$ with $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 0.25 GeV (dashed curve) and $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 3.55 GeV (dotted curve). The limits are compared to a representative predicted rate (solid curve) obtained using a simplified scenario where $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_1)=\sigma _\mathrm {SM}(m_{\text {h}_1})$ [60], ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_2) \times \mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text {a}_1) = 0}$ , $\mathcal {B}(\text {h}_1 \to 2 \text {a}_1) = 0.3%$ , and $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu}) = 7.7%$ . For the chosen $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ , taken from [46], $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 2 GeV and NMSSM parameter $\tan\beta = 20$ . The figure is separated into two regions: $m_{\text {h}_i}=m_{\text {h}_1} < 125 GeV$ with $m_{\text {h}_2}$ = 125 GeV (unshaded), and $m_{\text {h}_1}$ = 125 GeV with $m_{\text {h}_i}=m_{\text {h}_2} > 125 GeV$ (shaded). Right: The 95% CL upper limits as functions of $m_{\text {a}_1}$ in the NMSSM scenario on $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1,2} \to 2 \text {a}_1) \times \mathcal {B}^2(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ with $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 90 GeV (dashed curve), $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 125 GeV (dash-dotted curve), and $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 150 GeV (dotted curve). These limits are compared to a representative predicted rate (solid curve) from a simplified case in which $\mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{1} \to 2 \text {a}_1) = 0.3%$ , $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1})=\sigma _\mathrm {SM}(m_{\text {h}_{1}} = 125 GeV)$ [60], and $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_2) \times \mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text {a}_1) = 0$ . Additionally, $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ as a function of $m_{\text {a}_1}$ is taken from [46] and assumes that the NMSSM parameter $\tan\beta$ is 20. The simplified scenario includes gg-fusion, VBF, and VH production modes. The structures in the predicted curves arise because $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \rightarrow gg)$ varies rapidly as $m_{\text {a}_1}$ crosses internal quark loop thresholds [46].
png pdf	Figure 2-b: Left: The 95% CL upper limits in the NMSSM scenario as functions of ${m_{\text {h}_1}}$ on ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1,2} \to 2 \text {a}_1) \times \mathcal {B}^2(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})}$ with $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 0.25 GeV (dashed curve) and $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 3.55 GeV (dotted curve). The limits are compared to a representative predicted rate (solid curve) obtained using a simplified scenario where $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_1)=\sigma _\mathrm {SM}(m_{\text {h}_1})$ [60], ${\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_2) \times \mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text {a}_1) = 0}$ , $\mathcal {B}(\text {h}_1 \to 2 \text {a}_1) = 0.3%$ , and $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu}) = 7.7%$ . For the chosen $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ , taken from [46], $m_{\text {a}_1} =$ 2 GeV and NMSSM parameter $\tan\beta = 20$ . The figure is separated into two regions: $m_{\text {h}_i}=m_{\text {h}_1} < 125 GeV$ with $m_{\text {h}_2}$ = 125 GeV (unshaded), and $m_{\text {h}_1}$ = 125 GeV with $m_{\text {h}_i}=m_{\text {h}_2} > 125 GeV$ (shaded). Right: The 95% CL upper limits as functions of $m_{\text {a}_1}$ in the NMSSM scenario on $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1,2} \to 2 \text {a}_1) \times \mathcal {B}^2(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ with $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 90 GeV (dashed curve), $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 125 GeV (dash-dotted curve), and $m_{\text {h}_1} =$ 150 GeV (dotted curve). These limits are compared to a representative predicted rate (solid curve) from a simplified case in which $\mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{1} \to 2 \text {a}_1) = 0.3%$ , $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_{1})=\sigma _\mathrm {SM}(m_{\text {h}_{1}} = 125 GeV)$ [60], and $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to \text {h}_2) \times \mathcal {B}(\text {h}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \text {a}_1) = 0$ . Additionally, $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \to 2 {\mu})$ as a function of $m_{\text {a}_1}$ is taken from [46] and assumes that the NMSSM parameter $\tan\beta$ is 20. The simplified scenario includes gg-fusion, VBF, and VH production modes. The structures in the predicted curves arise because $\mathcal {B}(\text {a}_1 \rightarrow gg)$ varies rapidly as $m_{\text {a}_1}$ crosses internal quark loop thresholds [46].
png pdf	Figure 3: The 90% CL upper limits (black solid curves) from this search as interpreted in the dark SUSY scenario, where $\sigma ({\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {h}} +\mathrm{X}) \, \mathcal {B}({\mathrm {h}} \to 2{{\gamma}}_{D} + \mathrm{X})$ with $m_{\mathrm {n}_1}=$ 10 GeV, $m_{\mathrm {n}_{\mathrm {D}}}=$ 1 GeV. The limits are presented in the plane of the parameters ( $\varepsilon$ and $m_{{{\gamma}}_{D}}$ ). Constraints from other experiments [21,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75] showing their 90% CL exclusion contours are also shown. The colored contours for the CMS and ATLAS limits represent different values of $\mathcal {B}({\mathrm {h}} \to 2{{\gamma}}_{D} + \mathrm{X})$ that range from 0.1 to 40%.

Tables
png pdf	Table 1: The full reconstruction efficiency over signal acceptance $\epsilon _\mathrm {Full}/\alpha _\mathrm {Gen}$ in% for several representative signal NMSSM (top) and dark SUSY benchmark models (bottom).

Summary

A search for pairs of new light bosons that subsequently decay to pairs of oppositely charged muons is presented in this Letter. This search is developed in the context of a Higgs boson decay,

$\mathrm{h} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{A}+\mathrm{X}\rightarrow 4\mu+\mathrm{X}$ and is performed on a data sample collected by the CMS experiment in 2016 that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb

$^{-1}$ proton-proton collisions with

$\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV. This dataset is larger and collected at a higher center-of-mass energy than the previous version of this search [15]. Additionally, both the mass range of the a boson and the maximum possible displacement of its decay vertex are extended compared to the previous publication of this analysis. Thirteen events are observed in the signal region, with 9.90

$\pm$ 1.24 (stat)

$\pm$ 1.84 (syst) events expected from the SM backgrounds. The distribution of events in the signal region is consistent with SM expectations. A model independent 95% CL upper limit on the product of the cross section, branching fraction, and acceptance is set over the mass range 0.25

$< m_{\mathrm{A}} <$ 8.5 GeV. This model independent limit is then interpreted in the context of dark SUSY with non-negligible light boson lifetime and the NMSSM. In the dark SUSY interpretation of the result, the new limit constrains previously unexamined ranges of

$\varepsilon$ and

$m_{\gamma_D}$ .

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