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| CMS-TOP-19-005 ; CERN-EP-2019-226 | ||
| Measurement of the jet mass distribution and top quark mass in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 9 November 2019 | ||
| Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 (2020) 202001 | ||
| Abstract: A measurement is reported of the jet mass distribution in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks produced in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The measurement is performed in the lepton+jets channel of $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ events, where the lepton is an electron or muon. The products of the hadronic top quark decay $\mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{b}\mathrm{W} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{q\bar{q}}'$ are reconstructed as a single jet with transverse momentum larger than 400 GeV. The $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ cross section as a function of the jet mass is unfolded at the particle level and used to extract a value of the top quark mass of 172.6 $\pm$ 2.5 GeV. A novel jet reconstruction technique is used for the first time at the LHC, which improves the precision by a factor of three relative to an earlier measurement. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1911.03800 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | Summary | Additional Figures & Tables | References | CMS Publications |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Simulated ${m_{\text {jet}}}$ distribution after the particle level selection from a ${\mathrm{t} \mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ simulation with $ {m_{\mathrm{t}}} = $ 172.5 GeV. Also shown are the distributions separately for fully merged and not merged events, as defined in the text. |
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Figure 2:
Reconstructed distribution of ${m_{\text {jet}}}$ after the full event selection in the $\ell$+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Figure 3:
The particle-level ${\mathrm{t} \mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ differential cross section in the fiducial region as a function of the XCone-jet mass (left). The measurement is compared to predictions from POWHEG and MadGraph 5_aMC@NLO with $ {m_{\mathrm{t}}} = $ 172.5 GeV. Theoretical uncertainties are shown as colored bands for the predictions from POWHEG. The normalized differential cross section (right) is compared to predictions from POWHEG for different values of ${m_{\mathrm{t}}}$. The vertical bars represent the statistical (inner) and the total (outer) uncertainties. The horizontal bars reflect the bin widths. The panels below show the ratios of theoretical predictions to data. |
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Figure 3-a:
The particle-level ${\mathrm{t} \mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ differential cross section in the fiducial region as a function of the XCone-jet mass. The measurement is compared to predictions from POWHEG and MadGraph 5_aMC@NLO with $ {m_{\mathrm{t}}} = $ 172.5 GeV. Theoretical uncertainties are shown as colored bands for the predictions from POWHEG. The vertical bars represent the statistical (inner) and the total (outer) uncertainties. The horizontal bars reflect the bin widths. The panel below shows the ratios of theoretical predictions to data. |
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Figure 3-b:
The normalized differential cross section is compared to predictions from POWHEG for different values of ${m_{\mathrm{t}}}$. Theoretical uncertainties are shown as colored bands for the predictions from POWHEG. The vertical bars represent the statistical (inner) and the total (outer) uncertainties. The horizontal bars reflect the bin widths. The panel below shows the ratios of theoretical predictions to data. |
| Summary |
| In summary, a measurement has been presented of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ differential cross section for $\mathrm{t} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{W} \to \mathrm{b} \mathrm{q\bar{q}}'$ decays of boosted top quarks as a function of the jet mass $ m_{\text{jet}} $. The result relies on a novel method to reconstruct the decay of a boosted top quark using the XCone jet algorithm, which provides an improvement by a factor of two in both the width of the $ m_{\text{jet}} $ distribution at the particle level and the $ m_{\text{jet}} $ resolution, as well as reduced systematic uncertainties. The unfolded distribution is well described by simulation of $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production and shows high sensitivity to the top quark mass $ m_{\text{t}} $. A determination of $ m_{\text{t}} $ from the normalized $ m_{\text{jet}} $ distribution provides a value of 172.6 $\pm$ 2.5 GeV, which has an uncertainty close to that of events at the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production threshold. This measurement shows for the first time the importance of boosted top quarks for extracting standard model parameters such as $ m_{\text{t}} $. The differential cross section as a function of $ m_{\text{jet}} $ will enable a determination of $ m_{\text{t}} $ using precise analytical calculations, feasible only in the boosted regime [24]. This is an important step in understanding the ambiguities arising between the top quark pole mass and $ m_{\text{t}} $ measurements at hadron colliders. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
Display of a simulated ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ event at the particle level in the $\eta $-$\phi $ plane clustered with the XCone algorithm with $R_{\text {jet}}=$ 1.2 and $N_{\text {jet}} = $ 2. The generated stable particles are shown by gray dots. The resulting XCone jets are represented by colored areas, where the jet including the lepton from the $ {{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}} \to \ell $+jets decay is shown in blue, and the jet reconstructing the fully-hadronic decay is shown in orange. For information, the decay products of the $ {{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}} $ decay are shown as well, where quarks are shown by triangles, the lepton is shown by a solid circle and the neutrino by an open circle. |
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Additional Figure 2:
Display of the same simulated ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ event at the particle level in the $\eta $-$\phi $ plane, where the constituents of the XCone jets are re-clustered with the XCone algorithm with $R_\text {sub}=$ 0.4, and $N_\text {sub} = $ 2 for the lepton jet and $N_\text {sub} = $ 3 for the other jet. The generated stable particles are shown by gray dots. The original XCone jets are represented by gray areas, the subjets are shown by colored areas. The hadronic jet has $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} = $ 688 GeV and $m_{\text {jet}} = $ 191 GeV. For information, the decay products of the $ {{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}} $ decay are shown as well, where quarks are shown by triangles, the lepton is shown by a solid circle and the neutrino by an open circle. |
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Additional Figure 3:
Simulated distribution in $m_{\text {jet}}$ after selections at particle level comparing the use of XCone jets (blue) and Cambridge-Aachen jets (red) clustered with the same radius parameter of $R_{\text {jet}}=$ 1.2. Shown is only the fully merged $ {{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}} $ fraction where all decay products of the top quark are found within the jet radius. Both distributions are normalized enabling a comparison between the shape without considering selection or reconstruction efficiencies. |
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Additional Figure 4:
Reconstructed distribution of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ of the XCone jet in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 5:
Reconstructed distribution of $\eta $ of the XCone jet in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 6:
Reconstructed distribution of $m_{\text {jet}}$ of the XCone jet in the sideband region that requires the measurement jet to have a smaller mass than the reconstructed system of the second jet and lepton. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 7:
Reconstructed distribution of $m_{\text {jet}}$ of the XCone jet in the sideband region that requires 350 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 400 GeV. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 8:
Jet energy scale for XCone subjets in simulated ttbar events. Shown is the relative difference between reconstructed and generated subjet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ as a function of the generated subjet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for uncorrected subjets, subjets corrected with the anti-$ {k_{\mathrm {T}}}$ $R=$ 0.4 correction, and subjets with the anti-$ {k_{\mathrm {T}}}$ $R=$ 0.4 correction and the additional XCone correction. |
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Additional Figure 9:
Test in simulated $ {\mathrm {t}} {\mathrm {W}}$ events of the additional correction applied to the XCone subjets. Shown is the relative difference between reconstructed and generated subjet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ as a function of the generated subjet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The uncertainty in the XCone subjet correction derived in ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ simulation is shown as gray area. |
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Additional Figure 10:
Reconstructed distribution of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ of the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}} $-leading XCone subjet after the full event selection in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 11:
Reconstructed distribution of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ of the second ${p_{\mathrm {T}}} $-leading XCone subjet after the full event selection in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 12:
Reconstructed distribution of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ of the third ${p_{\mathrm {T}}} $-leading XCone subjet after the full event selection in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 13:
Reconstructed distribution of XCone subjet $\eta $ in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 14:
Reconstructed distribution of the minimum pairwise mass derived from the three XCone subjets after the full event selection in the $\ell $+jets channel. The vertical bars on the points show the statistical uncertainty. The hatched region shows the total uncertainty in the simulation, including the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties. The panel below shows the ratio of the data to the simulation. The uncertainty band includes the statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties, where the statistical (light grey) and total (dark grey) uncertainties are shown separately in the ratio. |
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Additional Figure 15:
Mean values of the jet mass for XCone jets as function of the number of primary vertices. The jet mass from t decays is obtained from the four-vector sum of three XCone subjets, the jet mass from W decays is obtained from the two subjets with the smallest pairwise mass. The mean values are calculated in a jet mass range of 120-240 GeV for t decays and 65-95 GeV for W decays. |
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Additional Figure 16:
The XCone jet mass resolution as a function of the generated XCone jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The resolution is obtained in simulated ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ events after the selection of the fiducial measurement region. The resolution is shown for different selections on the number of primary vertices in the event, and for the inclusive sample. |
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Additional Figure 17:
The particle level ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ differential cross section in the fiducial region as a function of the jet mass, measured in the $ {\mathrm {e}}$+jets and $\mu $+jets channels. The inner vertical bars and dark gray areas represent the statistical uncertainties, the outer bars and light gray areas show the total uncertainties. |
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Additional Figure 18:
Statistical uncertainties compared to the individual experimental systematic uncertainties in the ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ cross section measurement, as a function of the XCone jet mass. The sum of statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties is indicated by the gray region. |
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Additional Figure 19:
Statistical uncertainties compared to the individual experimental systematic uncertainties in the normalized ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ cross section measurement, as a function of the XCone jet mass. The sum of statistical and experimental systematic uncertainties is indicated by the gray region. |
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Additional Figure 20:
Statistical uncertainties compared to the individual modeling uncertainties in the unfolding of the ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ cross section measurement, as a function of the XCone jet mass. The sum of statistical and modeling uncertainties is indicated by the gray region. |
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Additional Figure 21:
Statistical uncertainties compared to the individual modeling uncertainties in the unfolding of the normalized ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ cross section measurement, as a function of the XCone jet mass. The sum of statistical and modeling uncertainties is indicated by the gray region. |
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Additional Figure 22:
Measured top quark mass versus its true value in ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ simulation. The uncertainties include the statistical component and the uncertainty due to the choice of $m_{\mathrm{t}}$ in the unfolding correction. |
| Additional Tables | |
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Additional Table 1:
Covariance matrix for the total uncertainties in the differential cross section. All entries are given in units of [fb$^2$]. |
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Additional Table 2:
Covariance matrix for the total uncertainties in the normalized differential cross section. All entries are given in units of 10$^{-4}$. |
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Additional Table 3:
Measured differential cross section in the fiducial region as a function of $m_{\text {jet}}$, with individual and total uncertainties in percent. For the experimental uncertainty and the uncertainty due to variations in the signal modeling at the unfolding, the individual components are listed separately. |
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Additional Table 4:
Measured normalized differential cross section in the fiducial region as a function of $m_{\text {jet}}$, with individual and total uncertainties in percent. The two groups are experimental uncertainties, and uncertainties due to variations in the signal modeling at the unfolding. |
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Additional Table 5:
Individual and total uncertainties in the determination of the top quark mass from the normalized differential cross section in GeV. The three groups are experimental uncertainties, uncertainties due to variations in the signal modeling at the unfolding, and theoretical uncertainties in the prediction of the normalized $m_{\text {jet}}$ distribution. |
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Compact Muon Solenoid LHC, CERN |
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