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| CMS-HIN-16-023 ; CERN-EP-2018-110 | ||
| Measurement of nuclear modification factors of $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons in PbPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 23 May 2018 | ||
| Phys. Lett. B 790 (2019) 270 | ||
| Abstract: The cross sections for $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factors, $ {R_{\mathrm{AA}}} $, derived from the PbPb-to-pp ratio of yields for each state, are studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as PbPb collision centrality. The yields of all three states are found to be significantly suppressed, and compatible with a sequential ordering of the suppression, $ {R_{\mathrm{AA}}}( \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S}) ) > {R_{\mathrm{AA}}}( \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})) > {R_{\mathrm{AA}}} (\Upsilon(\mathrm{3S}) )$. The suppression of $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$ is larger than that seen at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The upper limit on the ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ of $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ integrated over $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}} $ and rapidity is 0.096 at 95% confidence level, which is the strongest suppression observed for any hadron species in heavy ion collisions to date. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1805.09215 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures & Tables | Summary | Additional Figures | References | CMS Publications |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Invariant mass distribution of muon pairs in pp (left) and PbPb (right) collisions, for the kinematic range $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{{{\mu ^+}} {{\mu ^-}}}} < $ 30 GeV and $ | y^{{{{\mu ^+}} {{\mu ^-}}}} | < $ 2.4. In both figures, the results of the fits to the data are shown as solid blue lines. The separate yields for each $ {\Upsilon} $ state in pp are shown as dashed red lines in the left panel. The dashed red lines in the right panel are the result of the fits in PbPb (blue solid line). In order to show the suppression of all three $\Upsilon $ states, the amplitudes of the corresponding peaks are increased above those found in the fit by the inverse of the measured ${R_ {\mathrm {AA}}} $ for the corresponding $\Upsilon $ meson. |
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Figure 1-a:
Invariant mass distribution of muon pairs in pp collisions, for the kinematic range $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{{{\mu ^+}} {{\mu ^-}}}} < $ 30 GeV and $ | y^{{{{\mu ^+}} {{\mu ^-}}}} | < $ 2.4. The results of the fits to the data are shown as solid blue lines. The separate yields for each $ {\Upsilon} $ state are shown as dashed red lines. |
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Figure 1-b:
Invariant mass distribution of muon pairs in PbPb collisions, for the kinematic range $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} ^{{{{\mu ^+}} {{\mu ^-}}}} < $ 30 GeV and $ | y^{{{{\mu ^+}} {{\mu ^-}}}} | < $ 2.4. The results of the fits to the data are shown as solid blue lines. The dashed red lines are the result of the fits (blue solid line). In order to show the suppression of all three $\Upsilon $ states, the amplitudes of the corresponding peaks are increased above those found in the fit by the inverse of the measured ${R_ {\mathrm {AA}}} $ for the corresponding $\Upsilon $ meson. |
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Figure 2:
Differential cross sections of the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ for pp (left) and PbPb (right) collisions. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson in PbPb collisions, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown, and are calculated for the same bins as for the pp dataset. The global integrated luminosity uncertainties of 2.3% in pp collisions and $ ^{+3.4}_{-3.9}$% in PbPb collisions are not shown. |
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Figure 2-a:
Differential cross sections of the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ for pp PbPb collisions. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. The global integrated luminosity uncertainty of 2.3% in pp collisions is not shown. |
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Figure 2-b:
Differential cross sections of the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ for pp PbPb collisions. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown, and are calculated for the same bins as for the pp dataset. The global integrated luminosity uncertainty of $ ^{+3.4}_{-3.9}$% in PbPb collisions is not shown. |
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Figure 3:
Differential cross sections of the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of rapidity for pp (left) and PbPb (right) collisions. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson in PbPb collisions, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The global integrated luminosity uncertainties of 2.3% in pp collisions and $ ^{+3.4}_{-3.9}$% in PbPb collisions are not shown. |
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Figure 3-a:
Differential cross sections of the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of rapidity for pp collisions. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. The global integrated luminosity uncertainty of 2.3% in pp collisions is not shown. |
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Figure 3-b:
Differential cross sections of the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of rapidity for PbPb collisions. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The global integrated luminosity uncertainty of $ ^{+3.4}_{-3.9}$% in PbPb collisions is not shown. |
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Figure 4:
Nuclear modification factors for $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as functions of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ (left) and rapidity (right). The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The gray box near the line at unity displays the global uncertainty, which combines the uncertainties from $ {T_{{\mathrm {AA}}}} $, pp luminosity, and PbPb $ {N_{\mathrm {MB}}} $. |
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Figure 4-a:
Nuclear modification factors for $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as functions of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The gray box near the line at unity displays the global uncertainty, which combines the uncertainties from $ {T_{{\mathrm {AA}}}} $, pp luminosity, and PbPb $ {N_{\mathrm {MB}}} $. |
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Figure 4-b:
Nuclear modification factors for $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as functions of rapidity. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties. For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The gray box near the line at unity displays the global uncertainty, which combines the uncertainties from $ {T_{{\mathrm {AA}}}} $, pp luminosity, and PbPb $ {N_{\mathrm {MB}}} $. |
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Figure 5:
Nuclear modification factors for the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons as a function of $< {N_{\text {part}}} > $. The boxes at the dashed line at unity represent global uncertainties: the open box for the integrated luminosity in pp collisions and ${N_{\mathrm {MB}}}$ in PbPb collisions, while the full boxes show the uncertainties of pp yields for $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$ and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ states (with the larger box corresponding to the excited state). For the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. |
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Figure 6:
Nuclear modification factors for the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$ (left) and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ (right) mesons as a function of $< {N_{\text {part}}} > $ compared to calculations from Krouppa and Strickland [9], and Du, He, and Rapp [12]. The box at the dashed line at unity represents the global uncertainty from the integrated luminosity in pp collisions, ${N_{\mathrm {MB}}}$ in PbPb collisions, and the total uncertainty in the pp yields. The data to theory ratios are shown in the bottom panels. For Ref. [9], the points correspond to the $4\pi \eta /s=$ 2 curve, while the error bars show the difference between this one and the other two $\eta /s$ curves. For Ref. [12], the points and error bars correspond to the center and width of the published theory band, respectively. |
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Figure 6-a:
Nuclear modification factors for the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$ meson as a function of $< {N_{\text {part}}} > $ compared to calculations from Krouppa and Strickland [9], and Du, He, and Rapp [12]. The box at the dashed line at unity represents the global uncertainty from the integrated luminosity in pp collisions, ${N_{\mathrm {MB}}}$ in PbPb collisions, and the total uncertainty in the pp yields. The data to theory ratios are shown in the bottom panel. For Ref. [9], the points correspond to the $4\pi \eta /s=$ 2 curve, while the error bars show the difference between this one and the other two $\eta /s$ curves. For Ref. [12], the points and error bars correspond to the center and width of the published theory band, respectively. |
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Figure 6-b:
Nuclear modification factors for the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ meson as a function of $< {N_{\text {part}}} > $ compared to calculations from Krouppa and Strickland [9], and Du, He, and Rapp [12]. The box at the dashed line at unity represents the global uncertainty from the integrated luminosity in pp collisions, ${N_{\mathrm {MB}}}$ in PbPb collisions, and the total uncertainty in the pp yields. The data to theory ratios are shown in the bottom panel. For Ref. [9], the points correspond to the $4\pi \eta /s=$ 2 curve, while the error bars show the difference between this one and the other two $\eta /s$ curves. For Ref. [12], the points and error bars correspond to the center and width of the published theory band, respectively. |
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Figure 7:
Comparison of ${R_ {\mathrm {AA}}}$ values for the $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$,$ \Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ and $ \Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV [21] for integrated centrality in the full kinematic range. The error bars represent the statistical uncertainties and the boxes the systematic uncertainties, including global uncertainties. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Glauber model parameters for PbPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. |
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Table 2:
Centrality classes, average number of participating nucleons ($< {N_{\text {part}}} > $), number of binary collisions (${N_{\text {coll}}}$), and the nuclear overlap (${T_{{\mathrm {AA}}}}$) for PbPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV, obtained using the Glauber model parameters of Table 1. |
| Summary |
| Data from pp and PbPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV collected with the CMS detector were analyzed to measure the cross sections of $\Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$, $\Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$, and $\Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ mesons and their nuclear modification factors as functions of $\Upsilon$ transverse momentum ($ {p_{\mathrm{T}}} $) and rapidity ($ y$ ), as well as PbPb collision centrality. A gradual decrease in ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ with $ < {N_{\mathrm{part}}} >$ for the $\Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$ and $\Upsilon(\mathrm{2S})$ states is observed, while no significant dependence on $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}} $ or $ y$ is found in the measured region. The suppression of $\Upsilon(\mathrm{1S})$ is larger than that seen at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ of the $\Upsilon(\mathrm{3S})$ state is measured to be below 0.096 at 95% confidence level, making this the smallest ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ value found for any hadron species in heavy ion collisions. |
| Additional Figures | |
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Additional Figure 1:
Nuclear modification factor for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ meson as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (red points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and red boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from the pp luminosity and yield, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 2:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ meson as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (red points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and red boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 3:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ meson as a function of $y$ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (red points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and red boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 4:
Nuclear modification factor for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ meson as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (blue points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and blue boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from the pp luminosity and yield, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 5:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ meson as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (blue points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and blue boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 6:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ meson as a function of $y$ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV (blue points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and blue boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. |
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Additional Figure 7:
Nuclear modification factors for the the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$, ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ mesons as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The open box at unity, which applies to both the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ mesons, represents the global uncertainty, combining the uncertainties in the integrated luminosity in pp collisions and ${{N_{\mathrm {MB}}}}$ in PbPb collisions. The red and blue boxes show the uncertainties from pp yields for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ states, respectively. For the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. For the centrality-integrated results in the right sub-panel, the systematic uncertainty values include the global uncertainties. The lines represent calculations from Ref. [2]. |
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Additional Figure 8:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$, ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ mesons as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The open box at unity, which applies to both the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ mesons, represents the global uncertainty, combining the uncertainties in the integrated luminosity in pp collisions and ${{N_{\mathrm {MB}}}}$ in PbPb collisions. The red and blue boxes show the uncertainties from pp yields for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ states, respectively. For the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. For the centrality-integrated results in the right sub-panel, the systematic uncertainty values include the global uncertainties. The bands represent calculations from Ref. [3]. |
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Additional Figure 9:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ mesons as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The gray box at unity represents the global uncertainty, which combines uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$. The bands represent calculations from Ref. [3], with red (blue) bands showing the total modification factor and orange (teal) bands showing the regeneration component of the calculations for the $ {\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}({\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}})$ mesons. |
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Additional Figure 10:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$, ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ mesons as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The gray box at unity represents the global uncertainty, which combines uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$. For the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The lines represent calculations from Ref. [2]. |
png pdf |
Additional Figure 11:
Nuclear modification factors for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$, ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ mesons as a function of $y$. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The gray box at unity represents the global uncertainty, which combines uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$. For the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. The lines represent calculations from Ref. [2]. |
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Additional Figure 12:
Nuclear modification factor for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ meson as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (red points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and red boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from the pp luminosity and yield, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The lines represent calculations from Ref. [2]. |
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Additional Figure 13:
Same as Fig. 12 but with an expanded Y axis to show more detail. |
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Additional Figure 14:
Nuclear modification factor for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ meson as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (black points) [1] and $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV (red points). The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The black and red boxes at unity represent the global uncertainties, which combine uncertainties from the pp luminosity and yield, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$, for the two energies 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The lines represent calculations from Ref. [2]. |
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Additional Figure 15:
Nuclear modification factor for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$, ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ mesons as well as the $J/\psi $, $\psi $(2S) mesons [4] as a function of $< {{N_{\text {part}}}} > $ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The open box at unity, which applies to both the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ mesons, represents the global uncertainty, combining the uncertainties in the integrated luminosity in pp collisions and ${{N_{\mathrm {MB}}}}$ in PbPb collisions. The red and blue boxes show the uncertainties of pp yields for ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ states, respectively. For the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. For the centrality-integrated results in the right sub-panel, the systematic uncertainty values include the global uncertainties. |
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Additional Figure 16:
Nuclear modification factor for the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(1S)}}$, ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(2S)}}$ and ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ mesons as well as the $J/\psi $, $\psi $(2S) mesons [4] as a function of ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The error bars and boxes represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The gray box at unity represents the global uncertainty, which combines uncertainties from ${{T_{{{\mathrm {AA}}}}}}$, pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_{\mathrm {MB}}$. For the ${\Upsilon \mathrm {(3S)}}$ meson, the upper limits at 68% (green box) and 95% (green arrow) CL are shown. |
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