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| CMS-HIN-15-008 ; CERN-EP-2017-218 | ||
| Pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependence of flow harmonics in pPb and PbPb collisions | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 22 October 2017 | ||
| Phys. Rev. C 98 (2018) 044902 | ||
| Abstract: Measurements of azimuthal angular correlations are presented for high-multiplicity pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = $ 5.02 TeV and peripheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = $ 2.76 TeV. The data used in this work were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Fourier coefficients as functions of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity are studied using the scalar product method, 4-, 6-, and 8-particle cumulants, and the Lee-Yang zeros technique. The influence of event plane decorrelation is evaluated using the scalar product method and found to account for most of the observed pseudorapidity dependence. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1710.07864 [nucl-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
(Top) The $v_2$ coefficients as a function of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ in pPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. (Bottom) Same, but for PbPb collisions. The $v_2\{2, < \Delta \eta >\ > 2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$ results are from Ref. [38]. For the pPb collisions, the notations p-SP and Pb-SP indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane, and correspond to the p- and Pb-going directions, respectively. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 1-a:
The $v_2$ coefficients as a function of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ in pPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. The $v_2\{2, < \Delta \eta >\ > 2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$ results are from Ref. [38]. The notations p-SP and Pb-SP indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane, and correspond to the p- and Pb-going directions, respectively. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 1-b:
The $v_2$ coefficients as a function of $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ in PbPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. The $v_2\{2, < \Delta \eta >\ > 2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$ results are from Ref. [38]. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 2:
(Top) Comparison of $v_{2}({p_{\mathrm {T}}})$ distributions located on the Pb-going ($-2.0 < \eta _{\text {CM}} < -1.6$) and p-going (1.6 $ < \eta _{\text {CM}} < $ 2.0) sides of the tracker region, with $\eta _{\text {C}} = $ 0. The notations p-SP and Pb-SP indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane and correspond to the p- and Pb-going directions, respectively. (Bottom) Same, but with $\eta _{\text {C}} = \eta _{\text {ROI}}$, as discussed in the text. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 3:
(Top) Yield-weighted $v_2\{{\text {SP}}\}$ with 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3.0 GeV/$c$ as a function of $\eta $ in pPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges with $\eta _{\text {C}} = $ 0. (Bottom) Same, but with $\eta _{\text {C}} = \eta _{\text {ROI}}$. The notations p-SP and Pb-SP indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane and correspond to the p- and Pb-going directions, respectively. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 4:
(Top) Yield-weighted $v_2\{{\text {SP}}\}$ coefficients as a function of $\eta $ in PbPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges with $\eta _{\text {C}} = $ 0. (Bottom) Same, but with $\eta _{\text {C}} = \eta _{\text {ROI}}$. The notations HF$^+$ and HF$^-$ indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 5:
(Top) Yield-weighted $v_2$ values calculated using the scalar product, cumulant, and LYZ methods as a function of $\eta $ in pPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. (Bottom) Same, but for PbPb collisions. The $v_2\{{\text {SP}}\}$ results are based on the furthest HF event plane in pseudorapidity from the particles of interest. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-a:
Yield-weighted $v_2$ values calculated using the scalar product, cumulant, and LYZ methods as a function of $\eta $ in pPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. The $v_2\{{\text {SP}}\}$ results are based on the furthest HF event plane in pseudorapidity from the particles of interest. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 5-b:
Yield-weighted $v_2$ values calculated using the scalar product, cumulant, and LYZ methods as a function of $\eta $ in PbPb collisions for different ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. The $v_2\{{\text {SP}}\}$ results are based on the furthest HF event plane in pseudorapidity from the particles of interest. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 6:
The ratio $\sigma _v$/$ < v > $ in the pPb and PbPb systems as a function of pseudorapidity for the indicated ${N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}}$ ranges. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
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Figure 7:
Comparison of the scalar product ($v_2\{{\text {SP}}\}$) and cumulant ($v_2\{4\}$) results for the ratio $v_{2}(\eta)/v_{2}(\eta = 0)$ with the two-particle correlation results from Ref. [74] for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV and with 220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260. The scalar product results with $\eta < $ 0 use the p-side reference event plane with 3.0 $ < \eta < $ 5.0, and the results with $\eta > $ 0 are based on the Pb-side reference event plane with $-5.0 < \eta < -3.0$. The two-particle correlation results of Ref. [74] for p-side (p-trig 2-part) and Pb-side (Pb-trig 2-part) trigger particles are shown without the peripheral $v_{2}$ component subtraction, a correction for nonflow effects that increases the $v_{2}$ harmonics. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Error bars are statistical uncertainties. |
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Figure 8:
Ratio of the p- to Pb-going side $v_2$ coefficients at comparable $\eta _{\text {CM}}$ values for pPb collisions. The two-particle correlation results (labelled "2-part") are from Ref. [74]. The reference $HF$ event plane is the one furthest from the particles of interest. |
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Figure 9:
(Top) The $v_{3}$ values from the scalar product method for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV with $\eta _{\text {C}} = $ 0. (Bottom) Same, but with $\eta _{\text {C}} = \eta _{\text {ROI}}$. The notations p-SP and Pb-SP indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane and correspond to the p- and Pb-going directions, respectively. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
png pdf |
Figure 10:
(Top) The $v_{3}$ values from the scalar product method for PbPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}} = $ 2.76 TeV with $\eta _{\text {C}} = $ 0. (Bottom) Same, but with $\eta _{\text {C}} = \eta _{\text {ROI}}$. The notations HF$^+$ and HF$^-$ indicate the pseudorapidity side of the reference event plane. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
png pdf |
Figure 11:
The $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ values for pPb (PbPb) collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{\mathrm {NN}}}}}}= $ 5.02 (2.76) TeV with $\eta _{\text {C}} = \eta _{\text {ROI}}$. The $v_n\{{\text {SP}}\}$ results are based on the furthest HF event plane in pseudorapidity. Pseudorapidities are given in the laboratory frame. Systematic uncertainties are indicated by the grey boxes. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Systematic uncertainties. |
| Summary |
|
The pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependencies of the elliptic flow $v_{2}$ coefficient are presented for pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = $ 5.02 TeV and for peripheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = $ 2.76 TeV based on scalar product, multiparticle cumulant, and Lee-Yang zeros analyses. The data are obtained using the CMS detector. The $\eta$ dependence of the triangular flow $v_{3}$ coefficient is also presented based on the scalar product analysis. For the first time, ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$- and $\eta$-dependent cumulant results are presented based on 6- and 8-particle correlations. The results provide detailed information for the theoretical understanding of the initial state effect and final state evolution mechanism. All methods lead to a similar $\eta$ dependence for the $v_2$ harmonic across the pseudorapidity range studied. The scalar product results are consistently higher than the corresponding multiparticle correlation behavior, with the $v_{2}\{4\}$, $v_{2}\{6\}$, $v_{2}\{8\}$, and $v_{2}\{\text{LYZ}\}$ having comparable magnitude. An analysis of fluctuations suggests their greater influence in the system formed in pPb as compared to that in the PbPb collisions. No significant pseudorapidity dependence is found for the fluctuation component, although there is a small increase in the level of the fluctuations with increasing ${N_\text{trk}^\text{offline}} $ in both the pPb and PbPb systems. A method is presented to account for the possible decorrelation of the event plane angle with an increasing $\eta$ gap between two regions of pseudorapidity. The results suggest that most of the $\eta$ dependence observed using the different methods might be a consequence of the decorrelation effect. Earlier results exploring the $\eta$ dependence of elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions may need to be reassessed based on the presence of such decorrelation effects. Only a small difference is found for the $v_{2}$ coefficients on the Pb- and p-going sides for the pPb collisions once decorrelation effects are considered. This is in contrast to a previous study, in which the decorrelation effects were not considered and where a larger $v_{2}$ value was found on the Pb-going side. If the decorrelation effects are not considered, as is the case with the current cumulant, LYZ, and scalar product analysis with $\eta_{\text{C}} = $ 0, good agreement is found with the previous results. When decorrelation effects are considered, there appears to be very little longitudinal dependence of the flow coefficients near midrapidity. The yield-weighted $v_2$ results of pPb and PbPb collisions at comparable values of ${N_\text{trk}^\text{offline}} $ show a similar $\eta$ dependence, with the heavier system values being about 20% higher than found for pPb collisions. No significant difference is observed for the PbPb $v_3$ values as compared to pPb collisions, suggesting that the $v_3$ results are solely a consequence of fluctuations in the initial-state participant geometry. |
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