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| CMS-HIN-14-008 ; CERN-EP-2016-042 | ||
| Pseudorapidity dependence of long-range two-particle correlations in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 18 April 2016 | ||
| Phys. Rev. C 96 (2017) 014915 | ||
| Abstract: Two-particle correlations in pPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV are studied as a function of the pseudorapidity separation ($\Delta \eta$) of the particle pair at small relative azimuthal angle ($| \Delta \phi | < \pi/3$). The correlations are decomposed into a jet component that dominates the short-range correlations ($ | \Delta \eta | < $ 1), and a component that persists at large $\Delta \eta$ and may originate from collective behavior of the produced system. The events are classified in terms of the multiplicity of the produced particles. Finite azimuthal anisotropies are observed in high-multiplicity events. The second and third Fourier components of the particle-pair azimuthal correlations, $V_2$ and $V_3$, are extracted after subtraction of the jet component. The single-particle anisotropy parameters $v_2$ and $v_3$ are normalized by their lab frame mid-rapidity value and are studied as a function of $\eta_{\text{cm}}$. The normalized $v_2$ distribution is found to be asymmetric about $\eta_{\text{cm}} = $ 0, with smaller values observed at forward pseudorapidity, corresponding to the direction of the proton beam, while no significant pseudorapidity dependence is observed for the normalized $v_3$ distribution within the statistical uncertainties. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1604.05347 [nucl-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Efficiency-corrected 2D associated yields with Pb-side trigger particle ($-2.4 < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < -2.0$, left panels) and p-side trigger particle (2.0 $ < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < $ 2.4, right panels) in low-multiplicity (2 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 20, upper panels) and high-multiplicity (220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260, lower panels) are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The associated and trigger particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. |
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Figure 1-a:
Efficiency-corrected 2D associated yields with Pb-side trigger particle ($-2.4 < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < -2.0$) in low-multiplicity (2 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 20) and are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The associated and trigger particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. |
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Figure 1-b:
Efficiency-corrected 2D associated yields with p-side trigger particle (2.0 $ < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < $ 2.4) in low-multiplicity (2 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 20) and are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The associated and trigger particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. |
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Figure 1-c:
Efficiency-corrected 2D associated yields with Pb-side trigger particle ($-2.4 < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < -2.0$) in high-multiplicity (220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260) are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The associated and trigger particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. |
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Figure 1-d:
Efficiency-corrected 2D associated yields with p-side trigger particle (2.0 $ < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < $ 2.4) in high-multiplicity (220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260) are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The associated and trigger particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. |
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Figure 2:
Examples of the distribution of the associated yields after ZYAM subtraction for both low-multiplicity (2 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 20, blue triangles) and high-multiplicity (220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260, red circles) are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The results for Pb-side (left panels) and p-side (right panels) trigger particles are both shown; small $ {\Delta \eta} $ in the upper panels and large $ {| {\Delta \eta} |}$ in the lower panels. The trigger and associated particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. |
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Figure 3:
The near-side ($| {\Delta \phi} | < \pi /3$) correlated yield after ZYAM subtraction in low-multiplicity 2 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 20 (upper panels) and high-multiplicity 220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260 (lower panels) are shown for pPb collisions at $ {\sqrt {\smash [b]{s_{_{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV. The trigger and associated particle $ {p_{\mathrm {T}}} $ ranges are both 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$. The trigger particles are restricted to the Pb-side ($-2.4 < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < -2.0$, left panels) and the p-side (2.0 $ < {\eta _\text {lab}^{\text {trig}}} < $ 2.4, right panels), respectively. Fit results using Eq.(1) (black solid curves) are superimposed; the red dashed curve and the blue open points are the two fit components, jet and ridge, respectively. |
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Figure 4:
Fourier coefficients, $V_2$ (upper) and $V_3$ (lower), of two-particle azimuthal correlations in high-multiplicity collisions (220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260) with (circles) and without (triangles) subtraction of low-multiplicity data, as a function of $ {\eta _{\text {lab}}} $. Left panel shows data for Pb-side trigger particles and the right panel for the p-side. Statistical uncertainties are mostly smaller than point size; systematic uncertainties are 3.9% and 10% for $V_2$ and $V_3$ without low-multiplicity subtraction, 5.8% and 15% for $V_2$ and $V_3$ with low-multiplicity subtraction, respectively. The systematic uncertainties are shown by the shaded bands. |
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Figure 5:
Self-normalized anisotropy parameters, $v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$ (left panel) and $v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$ (right panel), as a function of $ {\eta _{\text {lab}}} $. Data points (curves) are results with (without) low-multiplicity data subtraction; filled circles and solid lines are from the Pb-side trigger. Open circles and dashed lines are from the p-side trigger. The bands show systematic uncertainties of $ \pm $5.7% and $ \pm $14% for $v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$ and $v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$, respectively. The systematic uncertainties in $v_n({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_n({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$ without subtraction are similar. Error bars indicate statistical uncertainties only. |
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Figure 5-a:
Self-normalized anisotropy parameter $v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$ as a function of $ {\eta _{\text {lab}}} $. Data points (curves) are results with (without) low-multiplicity data subtraction; filled circles and solid lines are from the Pb-side trigger. Open circles and dashed lines are from the p-side trigger. The bands show systematic uncertainties of $ \pm $5.7% for $v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_2({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$. Error bars indicate statistical uncertainties only. |
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Figure 5-b:
Self-normalized anisotropy parameter $v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$ as a function of $ {\eta _{\text {lab}}} $. Data points (curves) are results with (without) low-multiplicity data subtraction; filled circles and solid lines are from the Pb-side trigger. Open circles and dashed lines are from the p-side trigger. The bands show systematic uncertainties of $ \pm $14% for $v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}})/v_3({\eta _{\text {lab}}} =0)$. Error bars indicate statistical uncertainties only. |
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Figure 6:
$v_2({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}})/v_2(- {\eta _{\text {c.m.}}})$, as a function of $ {\eta _{\text {c.m.}}} $ in the center-of-mass frame. The data points are results from $V_n^\text {sub}$ with low-multiplicity data subtracted. The bands show the systematic uncertainty of $\pm $5.7%. Error bars indicate statistical uncertainties only. |
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Figure 7:
Self-normalized $v_2({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}})/v_2({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}} =-0.465)$ distribution with low-multiplicity subtraction from Pb-side (filled circles) and p-side (open circles) triggers, and $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > ({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}})/< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > ({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}} = - 0.465)$ of 0 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 6 GeV/$c$ range from minimum-bias events (solid line) and 0.3 $ < {p_{\mathrm {T}}} < $ 3 GeV/$c$ range from high-multiplicity (220 $ \leq {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} < $ 260) events (dotted line) as functions of $ {\eta _{\text {c.m.}}} $. Dashed curve is the hydrodynamic prediction for $< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > ({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}})/< {p_{\mathrm {T}}} > ({\eta _{\text {c.m.}}} = -0.465)$ distribution. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of fit parameters for low- and high-$ {N_\text {trk}^\text {offline}} $ ranges in pPb collisions. |
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Table 2:
Summary of systematic uncertainties in the second and third Fourier harmonics in pPb collisions. The label "low-mult sub'' indicates the low-multiplicity subtracted results, while "no sub" indicates the results without subtraction. |
| Summary |
|
Two-particle correlations as functions of $\Delta \phi$ and $\Delta \eta$ are reported in pPb\ collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} = 5.02$ TeV by the CMS experiment. The trigger particle is restricted to narrow pseudorapidity windows. The combinatorial background is assumed to be uniform in $\Delta \phi$ and normalized by the ZYAM procedure as a function of $\Delta \eta$. The near-side jet correlated yield is fitted and found to be greater in high-multiplicity than in low-multiplicity collisions. The ridge yield is studied as a function of $\Delta \phi$ and $\Delta \eta$ and it is found to depend on pseudorapidity and the underlying background shape ZYAM($\Delta \eta$). The pseudorapidity dependence differs for trigger particles selected on the proton and the Pb sides. The Fourier coefficients of the two-particle correlations in high-multiplicity collisions are reported, with and without subtraction of the scaled low-multiplicity data. The pseudorapidity dependence of the single-particle anisotropy parameters, $v_2$ and $v_3$, is inferred. Significant pseudorapidity dependence of $v_2$ is found. The distribution is asymmetric about $\eta_{\text{cm}} = $ 0 with an approximate (20 $\pm$ 4 )% decrease from $\eta_{\text{cm}} = $ 0 to $\eta_{\text{cm}}\approx $ 1.5, and a smaller decrease towards the Pb-beam direction. Finite $v_3$ is observed, but the uncertainties are presently too large to draw conclusions regarding the pseudorapidity dependence. The self-normalized $v_2(\eta_{\text{cm}})/v_2(\eta_{\text{cm}}=-0.465)$ distribution is compared to the $ < {p_{\mathrm{T}}} > (\eta_{\text{cm}})/ < {p_{\mathrm{T}}} > (\eta_{\text{cm}}= -0.465)$ distribution as well as from hydrodynamic calculations. The $ < {p_{\mathrm{T}}} > (\eta_{\text{cm}})/ < {p_{\mathrm{T}}} > (\eta_{\text{cm}}= -0.465)$ distribution shows a decreasing trend towards positive $\eta_{\text{cm}}$. The $v_2(\eta_{\text{cm}})/v_2(\eta_{\text{cm}} = -0.465)$ distribution also shows a decreasing trend towards positive $\eta_{\text{cm}}$, but the decrease is more significant in the case of the $v_2$ measurement. This indicates that physics mechanisms other than the change in the underlying particle spectra, such as event plane decorrelation over pseudorapidity, may influence the anisotropic flow. |
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