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CMS-HIG-18-013 ; CERN-EP-2020-079
Search for resonant pair production of Higgs bosons in the bbZZ channel in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
Phys. Rev. D 102 (2020) 032003
Abstract: A search for the production of a narrow-width resonance decaying into a pair of Higgs bosons decaying into the bbZZ channel is presented. The analysis is based on data collected with the CMS detector during 2016, in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The final states considered are the ones where one of the Z bosons decays into a pair of muons or electrons, and the other Z boson decays either to a pair of quarks or a pair of neutrinos. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the production of narrow-width spin-0 or spin-2 particles decaying to a pair of Higgs bosons, in models with and without an extended Higgs sector. For a resonance mass range between 260 and 1000 GeV, limits on the production cross section times branching fraction of a spin-0 and spin-2 resonance range from 0.1 to 5.0 pb and 0.1 to 3.6 pb, respectively. These results set limits in parameter space in bulk Randall-Sundrum radion, Kaluza-Klein excitation of the graviton, and N2HDM models. For specific choices of parameters the N2HDM can be excluded in a mass range between 360 and 620 GeV for a resonance decaying to two Higgs bosons. This is the first search for Higgs boson resonant pair production in the bbZZ channel.
Figures Summary References CMS Publications
Figures

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Figure 1:
Comparison of the BDT discriminant for $m_\mathrm {X} =$ 500 and 1000 GeV after the final selection in the muon (upper row) and electron (lower row) final states of the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ channel. The signals of an RS1 radion with mass of 500 (left) and 1000 GeV (right) are normalized to a cross section of 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 1-a:
Comparison of the BDT discriminant for $m_\mathrm {X} =$ 500 GeV after the final selection in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mu\mu \mathrm {jj}}$ channel. The signals of an RS1 radion with mass of 500 GeV are normalized to a cross section of 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 1-b:
Comparison of the BDT discriminant for $m_\mathrm {X} =$ 1000 GeV after the final selection in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mu\mu \mathrm {jj}}$ channel. The signals of an RS1 radion with mass of 1000 GeV are normalized to a cross section of 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 1-c:
Comparison of the BDT discriminant for $m_\mathrm {X} =$ 500 GeV after the final selection in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{ee} \mathrm {jj}}$ channel. The signals of an RS1 radion with mass of 500 GeV are normalized to a cross section of 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 1-d:
Comparison of the BDT discriminant for $m_\mathrm {X} =$ 1000 GeV after the final selection in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{ee} \mathrm {jj}}$ channel. The signals of an RS1 radion with mass of 1000 GeV are normalized to a cross section of 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 2:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The upper and lower rows correspond to the muon and electrons channels. For each row, the left and middle plots are for the $\mathrm{Z} /\gamma ^{*}$+jets and ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ control regions, and the right is for the signal region. The signals are normalized to 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 2-a:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mu\mu \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The plot is for the $\mathrm{Z} /\gamma ^{*}$+jets control region. The signals are normalized to 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

png pdf
Figure 2-b:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mu\mu \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The plot is for the ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ control region. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

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Figure 2-c:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mu\mu \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The plot is for the signal region. The signals are normalized to 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

png pdf
Figure 2-d:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{ee} \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The plot is for the $\mathrm{Z} /\gamma ^{*}$+jets ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ control region. signal region. The signals are normalized to 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

png pdf
Figure 2-e:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{ee} \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The plot is for the $\mathrm{Z} /\gamma ^{*}$+jets ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ control region. signal region. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

png pdf
Figure 2-f:
Pseudo transverse mass of the reconstructed $\mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ candidates, in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{ee} \nu \nu}$ channel, for data, simulated spin-2 RS1 graviton signal with a mass of 300 GeV, and simulated backgrounds scaled according to the fit results. The plot is for the $\mathrm{Z} /\gamma ^{*}$+jets ${\mathrm{t} {}\mathrm{\bar{t}}}$ control region. signal region. The signals are normalized to 1 pb for the ${\mathrm{p}} {\mathrm{p}} \to \mathrm {X}\to \mathrm{h} \mathrm{h} $ process. The shaded area represents the combined statistical and systematic uncertainties in the background estimate.

png pdf
Figure 3:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the resonance mass for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ (upper row) and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ (lower row) channels, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-0 case is shown on the left and the spin-2 case is shown on the right. The red solid line shows the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 radion with $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}} = $ 1 TeV and $kL=$ 35 (left) and an RS1 KK graviton with $\tilde{k} = $ 0.1 (right). In the spin-0 case only, the blue (green) line shows the decays of ${\mathrm{H}}_3\to {\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_1/{\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_2/{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_2\to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ in the N2HDM formulation, with $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0), the scalar ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ vev set to 45 GeV, and the mixing angles $\alpha _1$, $\alpha _2$, $\alpha _3$ set to 0.76, 0.48, and 1.00, respectively. The correction factor based on the relative partial width of ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ to two gluons is around 3.0 (0.7) for $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0). In the lower row, the vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

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Figure 3-a:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the resonance mass for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ channel, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-0 case is shown. The red solid line shows the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 radion with $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}} = $ 1 TeV and $kL=$ 35. The blue (green) line shows the decays of ${\mathrm{H}}_3\to {\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_1/{\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_2/{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_2\to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ in the N2HDM formulation, with $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0), the scalar ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ vev set to 45 GeV, and the mixing angles $\alpha _1$, $\alpha _2$, $\alpha _3$ set to 0.76, 0.48, and 1.00, respectively. The correction factor based on the relative partial width of ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ to two gluons is around 3.0 (0.7) for $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0).

png pdf
Figure 3-b:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the resonance mass for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ channel, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-2 case is shown. The red solid line shows the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 KK graviton with $\tilde{k} = $ 0.1.

png pdf
Figure 3-c:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the resonance mass for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channel, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-0 case is shown. The red solid line shows the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 radion with $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}} = $ 1 TeV and $kL=$ 35. The blue (green) line shows the decays of ${\mathrm{H}}_3\to {\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_1/{\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_2/{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_2\to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ in the N2HDM formulation, with $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0), the scalar ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ vev set to 45 GeV, and the mixing angles $\alpha _1$, $\alpha _2$, $\alpha _3$ set to 0.76, 0.48, and 1.00, respectively. The correction factor based on the relative partial width of ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ to two gluons is around 3.0 (0.7) for $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0). The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 3-d:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the resonance mass for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channel, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-2 case is shown. The red solid line shows the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 KK graviton with $\tilde{k} = $ 0.1. The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 4:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the mass of the resonance for the combination of the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channels, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-0 case is shown on the left and the spin-2 case is shown on the right. The expected limits for each individual channel are shown with a red dashed line for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ channel and blue dashed line for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channel. The red solid lines show the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 radion with $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}} = $ 1 TeV and $kL=$ 35 (left) and an RS1 KK graviton with $\tilde{k} = $ 0.1 (right). In the spin-0 case only, the blue (green) line shows the decays of ${\mathrm{H}}_3\to {\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_1/{\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_2/{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_2\to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ in the N2HDM formulation, with $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0), the scalar ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ vev set to 45 GeV, and the mixing angles $\alpha _1$, $\alpha _2$, $\alpha _3$ set to 0.76, 0.48, and 1.00, respectively. The correction factor based on the relative partial width of ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ to two gluons is around 3.0 (0.7) for $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0). The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 4-a:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the mass of the resonance for the combination of the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channels, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-0 case is shown.The expected limits for each individual channel are shown with a red dashed line for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ channel and blue dashed line for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channel. The red solid lines show the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 radion with $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}} = $ 1 TeV and $kL=$ 35. The blue (green) line shows the decays of ${\mathrm{H}}_3\to {\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_1/{\mathrm{H}}_1{\mathrm{H}}_2/{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_2\to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ in the N2HDM formulation, with $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0), the scalar ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ vev set to 45 GeV, and the mixing angles $\alpha _1$, $\alpha _2$, $\alpha _3$ set to 0.76, 0.48, and 1.00, respectively. The correction factor based on the relative partial width of ${\mathrm{H}}_3$ to two gluons is around 3.0 (0.7) for $\tan\beta =$ 0.5 (2.0). The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 4-b:
Expected (black dashed line) and observed (black solid line) limits on the cross section of resonant $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} $ production times the branching fraction of $\mathrm{H} \mathrm{H} \to {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z}} $ as a function of the mass of the resonance for the combination of the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channels, where $\mathrm{H} $ can represent either the SM Higgs boson or an additional Higgs boson from an extended electroweak sector. The spin-2 case is shown. The expected limits for each individual channel are shown with a red dashed line for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ channel and blue dashed line for the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ channel. The red solid lines show the theoretical prediction for the cross section of an RS1 KK graviton with $\tilde{k} = $ 0.1. The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 5:
The expected and observed exclusion limits at 95% CL on the RS1 radion with $kL=$ 35 (RS1 KK graviton) hypothesis in the $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}}$ ($\tilde{k}$) versus mass plane for the individual ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ (red) and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ (blue) channels and their combination (black). The dark green and light yellow expected limit uncertainty bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence intervals. Solid lines represent the observed limits and dashed lines represent the expected limits. The shaded region is excluded by the current limits. The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 5-a:
The expected and observed exclusion limits at 95% CL on the RS1 radion with $kL=$ 35 hypothesis in the $\lambda _{\mathrm {R}}$ versus mass plane for the individual ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ (red) and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ (blue) channels and their combination (black). The dark green and light yellow expected limit uncertainty bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence intervals. Solid lines represent the observed limits and dashed lines represent the expected limits. The shaded region is excluded by the current limits. The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.

png pdf
Figure 5-b:
The expected and observed exclusion limits at 95% CL on the RS1 KK graviton hypothesis in the $\tilde{k}$ versus mass plane for the individual ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \mathrm {jj}}$ (red) and ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ (blue) channels and their combination (black). The dark green and light yellow expected limit uncertainty bands represent the 68 and 95% confidence intervals. Solid lines represent the observed limits and dashed lines represent the expected limits. The shaded region is excluded by the current limits. The vertical black dashed line indicates the resonance mass of 450 GeV, a mass point where the BDT used in the ${\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b} \ell \ell \nu \nu}$ analysis is switched from the one trained for low mass resonance to the one trained for high mass resonance.
Summary
A search for the production of a narrow-width resonance decaying into a pair of Higgs bosons decaying into the bbZZ channel is presented. The analysis is based on data collected with the CMS detector during 2016, in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The final states considered are the ones where one of the Z bosons decays into a pair of muons or electrons, and the other Z boson decays either to a pair of quarks or a pair of neutrinos. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the production of narrow-width spin-0 or spin-2 particles decaying to a pair of Higgs bosons, in models with and without an extended Higgs sector. For a resonance mass range between 260 and 1000 GeV, limits on the production cross section times branching fraction of a spin-0 and spin-2 resonance range from 0.1 to 5.0 pb and 0.1 to 3.6 pb, respectively. These results set limits in parameter space in bulk Randall-Sundrum radion, Kaluza-Klein excitation of the graviton, and N2HDM models. For specific choices of parameters the N2HDM can be excluded in a mass range between 360 and 620 GeV for a resonance decaying to two Higgs bosons. This is the first search for Higgs boson resonant pair production in the bbZZ channel.
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