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CMS-PAS-HIG-16-025
Search for a narrow heavy resonance decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
Abstract: An inclusive search for a narrow resonance produced in proton-proton collisions and decaying to a bottom quark-antiquark pair is presented. A data sample collected at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV and comprising 2.69 fb$^{-1}$ of collision events recorded in 2015 with the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC has been analysed. The search focuses on the production of scalar resonances through gluon-gluon fusion, and of Randall-Sundrum gravitons, both with a negligible natural width relative to the experimental dijet mass resolution. A maximum likelihood fit to the dijet mass spectrum is performed to separate the signal from the continuum multijet background. No significant excess over the expectation from the background is observed. Limits on production cross sections times branching ratio are obtained for values of the resonance mass ranging from 550 to 1200 GeV.
Figures & Tables Summary References CMS Publications
Figures

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Figure 1-a:
Acceptance ($\mathrm {A}$) times reconstruction efficiency $(\epsilon )$ for the simulated ${\rm X}\to { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } $ signal samples as a function of the resonance mass ($m_{\rm X}$). For each value of $m_{\rm X}$, the acceptance includes the requirement that the dijet mass is contained in the range utilised for the final signal extraction as described in Section 7.

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Figure 1-b:
Comparison between the probability density function used to model the dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distribution for the signal in the case where $m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$ is computed with (solid line) or without (dashed line) the FSR-recovery algorithm. The ratio $\sigma _{\rm m}/\mu _{\rm m}$, where the $\sigma _{\rm m}$ is proportional to the full width at half maximum of the distribution and $\mu _{\rm m}$ is the peak position, is also reported.

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Figure 1-c:
The same probability density functions as in Fig. 1-b for different values of the resonance mass and for the two spin hypotheses, after FSR recovery.

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Figure 2-a:
The distributions after preselection of (a) the pseudorapidity difference between the b jets, (b) their distance in azimuth angle, (c) their ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ balance, and (d) leading b-jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in units of the dijet mass. For each plot, the expected contribution from a spin-0 (solid-red line) and spin-1 (dashed-blue line) signal with $m_{\rm X}=$ 750 GeV, and normalised to a cross section of 1 pb, have been overlayed for comparison. Distributions of (e) the pseudo-rapidity difference between the b jets, and (f) the dijet mass in the top-quark sideband.

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Figure 2-b:
The distributions after preselection of (a) the pseudorapidity difference between the b jets, (b) their distance in azimuth angle, (c) their ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ balance, and (d) leading b-jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in units of the dijet mass. For each plot, the expected contribution from a spin-0 (solid-red line) and spin-1 (dashed-blue line) signal with $m_{\rm X}=$ 750 GeV, and normalised to a cross section of 1 pb, have been overlayed for comparison. Distributions of (e) the pseudo-rapidity difference between the b jets, and (f) the dijet mass in the top-quark sideband.

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Figure 2-c:
The distributions after preselection of (a) the pseudorapidity difference between the b jets, (b) their distance in azimuth angle, (c) their ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ balance, and (d) leading b-jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in units of the dijet mass. For each plot, the expected contribution from a spin-0 (solid-red line) and spin-1 (dashed-blue line) signal with $m_{\rm X}=$ 750 GeV, and normalised to a cross section of 1 pb, have been overlayed for comparison. Distributions of (e) the pseudo-rapidity difference between the b jets, and (f) the dijet mass in the top-quark sideband.

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Figure 2-d:
The distributions after preselection of (a) the pseudorapidity difference between the b jets, (b) their distance in azimuth angle, (c) their ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ balance, and (d) leading b-jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in units of the dijet mass. For each plot, the expected contribution from a spin-0 (solid-red line) and spin-1 (dashed-blue line) signal with $m_{\rm X}=$ 750 GeV, and normalised to a cross section of 1 pb, have been overlayed for comparison. Distributions of (e) the pseudo-rapidity difference between the b jets, and (f) the dijet mass in the top-quark sideband.

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Figure 2-e:
The distributions after preselection of (a) the pseudorapidity difference between the b jets, (b) their distance in azimuth angle, (c) their ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ balance, and (d) leading b-jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in units of the dijet mass. For each plot, the expected contribution from a spin-0 (solid-red line) and spin-1 (dashed-blue line) signal with $m_{\rm X}=$ 750 GeV, and normalised to a cross section of 1 pb, have been overlayed for comparison. Distributions of (e) the pseudo-rapidity difference between the b jets, and (f) the dijet mass in the top-quark sideband.

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Figure 2-f:
The distributions after preselection of (a) the pseudorapidity difference between the b jets, (b) their distance in azimuth angle, (c) their ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ balance, and (d) leading b-jet ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in units of the dijet mass. For each plot, the expected contribution from a spin-0 (solid-red line) and spin-1 (dashed-blue line) signal with $m_{\rm X}=$ 750 GeV, and normalised to a cross section of 1 pb, have been overlayed for comparison. Distributions of (e) the pseudo-rapidity difference between the b jets, and (f) the dijet mass in the top-quark sideband.

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Figure 3-a:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal plus background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 3-b:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal plus background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 3-c:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal plus background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 3-d:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal plus background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 3-e:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal plus background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 3-f:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal plus background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 4-a:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 850, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal-plus-background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 4-b:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 850, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal-plus-background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 4-c:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 850, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal-plus-background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 4-d:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 850, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal-plus-background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 4-e:
The dijet mass ($m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$) distributions in the ranges used to search for a resonance with mass $m_{\rm X}=$ 850, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 GeV. The results of the background-only fit are shown as a solid-blue line, while the signal-plus-background fit is shown as a dashed-red line. For illustrative purposes, the expected mass distribution for a spin-0 signal normalised to a large and arbitrary cross section is overlayed as a dotted light-red line. The bottom panels show the difference between the event counting and the fitted background yield in each bin, normalised to the total background uncertainty ($\sigma _{\rm Bkg.}$) in that bin.

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Figure 5:
The expected and observed upper limits at 95% CL on $\sigma \times \mathrm {BR}({\rm X}\to { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } )$ as a function of the resonance mass for the spin-0 (black) and spin-2 (blue) cases. The expected cross section times branching ratio for graviton production in the RS model [9] with $\tilde{\kappa }=$ 0.1 is overlayed for illustration. The one- and two-standard deviation confidence interval bands for the background-only expected limit in the spin-0 case are shown as solid coloured bands. The corresponding limits on the visible cross section $\sigma \times \mathrm {BR}({\rm X}\to { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } ) \times \mathrm {A} \times \epsilon $ can be obtained by using the acceptance-times-efficiency values reported in Fig. 5-a.
Tables

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Table 1:
Summary of the systematic uncertainties affecting the signal and background modelling. The last column indicates whether a given source of systematic uncertainty affects the shape of the $m_{ { {\mathrm {b}} {\overline {\mathrm {b}}} } }$ distribution.
Summary
A search for a narrow resonance with mass ranging from 550 to 1200 GeV, and decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs using 2.69 fb$^{-1}$ of collision events collected at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV in 2015 by the CMS experiment has been presented. Events are recorded by dedicated trigger paths that require the coincidence of a pair of high-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and b-tagged jets. The offline selection is further optimised to enrich the data sample in events compatible with a narrow resonance decaying into b jets. The signal yield is extracted by performing a fit to the dijet mass distribution, where an analytical parametrisation of the continuum background is assumed. No significant excess is observed over the background-only expectation. Results are presented in the form of 95% CL limits on $\sigma\times\mathrm{BR}({\rm X}\to \mathrm{ b \bar{b} })$ for two benchmark scenarios: a spin-0 resonance produced in gluon-gluon fusion, and a spin-2 Randall-Sundrum graviton, both with a negligible width-over-mass ratio. Upper limits ranging from 2 to 11 pb are obtained depending on the resonance mass and on its spin. This analysis extends previous results on dijet searches at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV.
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LHC, CERN