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| CMS-PAS-SMP-21-003 | ||
| Azimuthal correlations in Z+jets events at 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| July 2021 | ||
| Abstract: The production of Z bosons associated with jets is measured at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV with data recorded at the LHC corresponding to a luminosity of 36.3 fb$^{-1}$. The multiplicity of jets with $p_\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{Z}) > $ 30 GeV is measured for different regions of the Z transverse momentum, ranging from $p_\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{Z}) < $ 10 GeV to $p_\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{Z}) > $ 100 GeV. The azimuthal correlation $\Delta \phi$ between the Z boson and the leading jet as well as the correlation $\Delta\phi (j_1, j_2)$ between the two leading jets is measured for different $p_\mathrm{T}(\mathrm{Z})$. The measurements are compared with predictions with up to two additional partons merged at next-to-leading order supplemented with parton shower and hadronization, with predictions at NLO for up to two additional partons based on transverse momentum dependent parton distributions and the corresponding parton showers, and with resummed predictions of Z production at NNLO supplemented with conventional parton shower. Predictions based on matrix element calculations with up to two additional partons at NLO come close to the measurements. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to EPJC. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Data to simulation comparison of the dilepton invariant mass for $\mu^{+} {}\mu^{-}$ channel (left) and $\mathrm{e^{+}} {}\mathrm{e^{-}}$ channel (right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Data to simulation comparison of the dilepton invariant mass for $\mu^{+} {}\mu^{-}$ channel (left) and $\mathrm{e^{+}} {}\mathrm{e^{-}}$ channel (right). |
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Figure 1-b:
Data to simulation comparison of the dilepton invariant mass for $\mu^{+} {}\mu^{-}$ channel (left) and $\mathrm{e^{+}} {}\mathrm{e^{-}}$ channel (right). |
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Figure 2:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 2-a:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 2-b:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 2-c:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 3:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 3-a:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 3-b:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 3-c:
Jet multiplicity in three different regions of ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ : $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 4:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 4-a:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 4-b:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 4-c:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
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Figure 5:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 5-a:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 5-b:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 5-c:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi _{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}}$ between the Z boson and the leading jet in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ bins: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
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Figure 6:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-a:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-b:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 6-c:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $ (right). The error bars on the data points represent the statistical uncertainty of the measurement, and the hatched band shows the total uncertainties of statistical and systematic sources added in quadrature. Predictions using MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with and without multi-parton interactions are shown. |
png pdf |
Figure 7:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $(right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
png pdf |
Figure 7-a:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $(right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
png pdf |
Figure 7-b:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $(right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
png pdf |
Figure 7-c:
Cross section as a function of ${\Delta \phi (j_1j_2)}$ between two leading jets in different ${p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}}$ regions: $ {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} \leq $ 10 GeV (left), 30 $\leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} < $ 50 GeV (middle), 100 GeV $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}{(\mathrm{Z})}} $(right). Predictions from Geneva NNLO, MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO are shown. An overall normalization factor of 1.2 is applied to MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Description of the simulated samples used in the analysis. |
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Table 2:
Phase space of the measurement at particle level. |
| Summary |
|
We have measured Z+jet production in pp collisions at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The associated jet multiplicity for different regions of the transverse momentum of the Z boson, ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$, has been measured. At ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}} \leq $ 10 GeV only about 1% of the event have jets with ${p_{\mathrm{T}}} > $ 30 GeV, with a non-negligible tail to high multiplicity. At 30 $ \leq {p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}} \leq $ 50 GeV most of the events have at least one jet with a significant tail to higher jet multiplicities. The angular correlation, ${\Delta\phi_{\mathrm{Z}, \text{Jet}1}} $, between the Z boson and the leading jet as well as correlation between the two leading jets has been measured for different regions in ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$. At low ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ the Z boson is only loosely correlated with the jets, while the two jets are strongly correlated. At large ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ the Z boson is highly correlated with the leading jet, while the two leading jets are not strongly correlated. The measurement shows a region at low ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$, where the Z boson appears as an EW correction to high ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ jet production, while at large ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}^{\mathrm{Z}}$ the dominant process is Z+1 noncollinear hard parton production. The NLO prediction of MG5_aMC+Py8 ($\leq 2j $ NLO) with Z+0,1,2 noncollinear hard partons supplemented with parton shower and underlying events from PYTHIAE merged with the FxFx procedure describes the measurement well. The predictions of MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+1) NLO and MG5_aMC+CA3 (Z+2) NLO using PB-TMDs with the corresponding parton showers are close to the measurments, keeping in mind that the parameters of the initial state parton shower are fixed by the PB-TMD and no MPI is simulated. The prediction from Geneva NNLO using matrix elements at NNLO for Z production supplemented with resummation, parton shower and MPI from PYTHIA 8 is in most regions close to the measurements. In summary, Z+jet measurements challenge theoretical predictions; a good agreement can be achieved including contributions of multiparton interactions, parton shower, parton densities as well as multijet matrix-element merging. The differential measurements provided here help to disentangle the different contributions, and illustrate where which contribution becomes important. |
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