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| CMS-PAS-B2G-20-008 | ||
| Search for weak vector boson and gluon-gluon fusion production of heavy resonances decaying to Z($\nu\bar{\nu}$)Vqq | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| March 2021 | ||
| Abstract: A search is presented for heavy bosons decaying to Z($\nu\bar{\nu}$)Vqq, where V can either be a Z or a W boson. A sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV were collected by the CMS experiment during 2016, 2017, and 2018. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. Events are categorized using substructure techniques and the presence of large missing transverse momentum to identify W and Z bosons decaying to quarks and neutrinos, respectively. Events are also categorized based on the presence of high-momentum jets in the forward region to identify production through weak vector boson fusion. The dominant standard model backgrounds are estimated using data taken from control regions. The data are interpreted in terms of radions, W' bosons, and gravitons, all under the assumption that these bosons are produced in gluon-gluon fusion, $\mathrm{q}\bar{\mathrm{q}}$-annihilation, or weak vector boson fusion processes. No evidence is found for physics beyond the standard model, and 95% confidence level upper limits are set on various types of hypothetical new bosons. Exclusion limits on the masses of these bosons range from 1.2 TeV to 4.0 TeV. | ||
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Links:
CDS record (PDF) ;
inSPIRE record ;
CADI line (restricted) ;
These preliminary results are superseded in this paper, Submitted to PRD. The superseded preliminary plots can be found here. |
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| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Distributions are shown for the decay angle of SM vector bosons in the rest frame of their parent particle. Solid lines represent VBF scenarios. Dashed lines represent ggF scenarios. |
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Figure 2:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for ggF- (left) and VBF-produced (right) resonances. |
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Figure 2-a:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for ggF- (left) and VBF-produced (right) resonances. |
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Figure 2-b:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for ggF- (left) and VBF-produced (right) resonances. |
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Figure 3:
The distributions of $\alpha $ versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ in the various event categories are shown. The last bin corresponds to the value obtained by integrating events above the penultimate bin. |
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Figure 4:
Comparison of validation signal region background estimations and observations for the high-purity ggF/DY (top left), high-purity VBF (top right), low-purity ggF/DY (bottom left), and low-purity VBF (bottom right). The bottom panel shows the ratio of the estimated and the observed event yields. The hashed band represents the total uncertainty in the corresponding SR. |
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Figure 4-a:
Comparison of validation signal region background estimations and observations for the high-purity ggF/DY (top left), high-purity VBF (top right), low-purity ggF/DY (bottom left), and low-purity VBF (bottom right). The bottom panel shows the ratio of the estimated and the observed event yields. The hashed band represents the total uncertainty in the corresponding SR. |
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Figure 4-b:
Comparison of validation signal region background estimations and observations for the high-purity ggF/DY (top left), high-purity VBF (top right), low-purity ggF/DY (bottom left), and low-purity VBF (bottom right). The bottom panel shows the ratio of the estimated and the observed event yields. The hashed band represents the total uncertainty in the corresponding SR. |
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Figure 4-c:
Comparison of validation signal region background estimations and observations for the high-purity ggF/DY (top left), high-purity VBF (top right), low-purity ggF/DY (bottom left), and low-purity VBF (bottom right). The bottom panel shows the ratio of the estimated and the observed event yields. The hashed band represents the total uncertainty in the corresponding SR. |
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Figure 4-d:
Comparison of validation signal region background estimations and observations for the high-purity ggF/DY (top left), high-purity VBF (top right), low-purity ggF/DY (bottom left), and low-purity VBF (bottom right). The bottom panel shows the ratio of the estimated and the observed event yields. The hashed band represents the total uncertainty in the corresponding SR. |
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Figure 5:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for high-purity VBF (left) and ggF/DY (right) CR events after performing background-only fits. The last bin in the left (right) plot corresponds to the yields integrated above 2.3 TeV (3 TeV). The top panels of each plot show the post-fit prediction, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A VBF-produced (ggF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 5-a:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for high-purity VBF (left) and ggF/DY (right) CR events after performing background-only fits. The last bin in the left (right) plot corresponds to the yields integrated above 2.3 TeV (3 TeV). The top panels of each plot show the post-fit prediction, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A VBF-produced (ggF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 5-b:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for high-purity VBF (left) and ggF/DY (right) CR events after performing background-only fits. The last bin in the left (right) plot corresponds to the yields integrated above 2.3 TeV (3 TeV). The top panels of each plot show the post-fit prediction, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A VBF-produced (ggF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 6:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for low-purity VBF (left) and ggF/DY (right) CR events after performing background-only fits. The last bin in the left (right) plot corresponds to the yields integrated above 2.7 TeV (3.5 TeV). The top panels of each plot show the post-fit prediction, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A VBF-produced (ggF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 6-a:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for low-purity VBF (left) and ggF/DY (right) CR events after performing background-only fits. The last bin in the left (right) plot corresponds to the yields integrated above 2.7 TeV (3.5 TeV). The top panels of each plot show the post-fit prediction, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A VBF-produced (ggF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 6-b:
Distributions of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for low-purity VBF (left) and ggF/DY (right) CR events after performing background-only fits. The last bin in the left (right) plot corresponds to the yields integrated above 2.7 TeV (3.5 TeV). The top panels of each plot show the post-fit prediction, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A VBF-produced (ggF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 7:
Distribution of the predicted and observed event yields versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for high-purity VBF (right) and ggF/DY (left) signal region events. The last bin in each plot corresponds to the yields integrated above the penultimate bin. The top panels of each plot show the prediction based on a background-only fit to data, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A ggF-produced (VBF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 7-a:
Distribution of the predicted and observed event yields versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for high-purity VBF (right) and ggF/DY (left) signal region events. The last bin in each plot corresponds to the yields integrated above the penultimate bin. The top panels of each plot show the prediction based on a background-only fit to data, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A ggF-produced (VBF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 7-b:
Distribution of the predicted and observed event yields versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for high-purity VBF (right) and ggF/DY (left) signal region events. The last bin in each plot corresponds to the yields integrated above the penultimate bin. The top panels of each plot show the prediction based on a background-only fit to data, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A ggF-produced (VBF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 8:
Distribution of the predicted and observed event yields versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for low-purity VBF (right) and ggF/DY (left) signal region events. The last bin in each plot corresponds to the yields integrated above the penultimate bin. The top panels of each plot show the prediction based on a background-only fit to data, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A ggF-produced (VBF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 8-a:
Distribution of the predicted and observed event yields versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for low-purity VBF (right) and ggF/DY (left) signal region events. The last bin in each plot corresponds to the yields integrated above the penultimate bin. The top panels of each plot show the prediction based on a background-only fit to data, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A ggF-produced (VBF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 8-b:
Distribution of the predicted and observed event yields versus ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ for low-purity VBF (right) and ggF/DY (left) signal region events. The last bin in each plot corresponds to the yields integrated above the penultimate bin. The top panels of each plot show the prediction based on a background-only fit to data, represented by filled histograms, compared to observed yields, represented by black points. A ggF-produced (VBF-produced) 1 TeV graviton signal is shown in the left (right) plot, represented by the open red histogram. The middle panels of each plot show the ratio of data and post-fit predictions in blue. The blue hashed area represents the total uncertainty from the post-fit predicted event yield as a function of ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$. Each plot's bottom panel shows the difference between the observed event yields and the post-fit predictions normalized by the quadrature sum of the statistical uncertainty of the observed yield and the total uncertainty from the post-fit prediction in each ${m_{\mathrm {T}}}$ bin. |
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Figure 9:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the radion (R) production cross section and the $R\to \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the radion mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent the 68% and 95% intervals of expected limits. The red curve shows the theoretical radion production cross section times their ZZ branching ratio. The hashed red area represents the theoretical cross section uncertainty due to limited knowledge of PDFs and QCD scale choices. Limits and theory cross sections for ggF-produced radions are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced radions. |
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Figure 9-a:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the radion (R) production cross section and the $R\to \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the radion mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent the 68% and 95% intervals of expected limits. The red curve shows the theoretical radion production cross section times their ZZ branching ratio. The hashed red area represents the theoretical cross section uncertainty due to limited knowledge of PDFs and QCD scale choices. Limits and theory cross sections for ggF-produced radions are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced radions. |
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Figure 9-b:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the radion (R) production cross section and the $R\to \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the radion mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent the 68% and 95% intervals of expected limits. The red curve shows the theoretical radion production cross section times their ZZ branching ratio. The hashed red area represents the theoretical cross section uncertainty due to limited knowledge of PDFs and QCD scale choices. Limits and theory cross sections for ggF-produced radions are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced radions. |
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Figure 10:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the W' production cross section and the $\mathrm{W} '\to \mathrm{W} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the W' mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent the 68% and 95% intervals of the expected limit. The red curve shows the theoretical W' boson production cross section times their WZ branching ratio. Limits and theory cross sections for $\mathrm{q\bar{q}}$-produced (DY) W' bosons are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced W' bosons. |
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Figure 10-a:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the W' production cross section and the $\mathrm{W} '\to \mathrm{W} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the W' mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent the 68% and 95% intervals of the expected limit. The red curve shows the theoretical W' boson production cross section times their WZ branching ratio. Limits and theory cross sections for $\mathrm{q\bar{q}}$-produced (DY) W' bosons are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced W' bosons. |
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Figure 10-b:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the W' production cross section and the $\mathrm{W} '\to \mathrm{W} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the W' mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent the 68% and 95% intervals of the expected limit. The red curve shows the theoretical W' boson production cross section times their WZ branching ratio. Limits and theory cross sections for $\mathrm{q\bar{q}}$-produced (DY) W' bosons are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced W' bosons. |
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Figure 11:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the graviton (G) production cross section and the $\mathrm{G} \to \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the graviton mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent 68% and 95% intervals of the expected limit. The red curve shows the theoretical graviton production cross section times their ZZ branching ratio. Limits and theory cross sections for ggF-produced gravitons are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced gravitons. |
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Figure 11-a:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the graviton (G) production cross section and the $\mathrm{G} \to \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the graviton mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent 68% and 95% intervals of the expected limit. The red curve shows the theoretical graviton production cross section times their ZZ branching ratio. Limits and theory cross sections for ggF-produced gravitons are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced gravitons. |
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Figure 11-b:
Expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of the graviton (G) production cross section and the $\mathrm{G} \to \mathrm{Z} \mathrm{Z} $ branching ratio versus the graviton mass are shown as dashed and solid black lines, respectively. Green and yellow bands, respectively, represent 68% and 95% intervals of the expected limit. The red curve shows the theoretical graviton production cross section times their ZZ branching ratio. Limits and theory cross sections for ggF-produced gravitons are shown in the left figure, while the right figure shows the same for VBF-produced gravitons. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of systematic uncertainties (in%) for SM backgrounds. Columns two and three tabulate the representative size of effects on $\alpha $ in the VBF and ggF/DY events categories, respectively. Columns four through seven tabulate the typical size of effects on the prediction of resonant background yields in the VBF SR, VBF CR, ggF/DY SR, and ggF/DY CR, respectively. |
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Table 2:
Summary of the typical size of systematic uncertainties (in %) on the predicted signal yields in various regions. |
| Summary |
| A search is presented for new bosonic states decaying to either a pair of Z bosons or a Z boson and a W boson. The analyzed final state requires large missing transverse momentum and one high-momentum, large-radius jet. Large-radius jets are required to have a mass consistent with either a Z or W boson. Events are categorized based on the presence of large-radius jets passing high-purity and low-purity substructure requirements. Events are also categorized based on the presence or absence of high momentum jets in the forward region of the detector. Forward jets distinguish gluon-gluon fusion (ggF) and weak vector boson fusion (VBF) production mechanisms. The dominant SM backgrounds are estimated using an extrapolation method from data control regions. No deviation between SM expectation and data is found, and 95% confidence level (CL) upper limits are set on the product of the production cross section and branching ratio for several signal models. A lower limit of 3.0 TeV is set on the mass of ggF-produced radions. The mass exclusion limit for $\mathrm{q\bar{q}}$-produced W' bosons is found to be 4.0 TeV. The mass exclusion limit for ggF-produced gravitons is found to be 1.2 TeV. No mass exclusion limits are set for models in which resonances are exclusively produced through VBF. At 95% CL, upper limits on the product of the VBF production cross section and $X\rightarrow \mathrm{V} \mathrm{Z}$ branching ratio range between 0.2 fb and 20 fb. |
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