CMS-PAS-HIN-24-006

CMS-PAS-HIN-24-006
Azimuthal anisotropy of prompt $\mathrm{D}_\mathrm{s}^{\pm}$ mesons in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV
CMS Collaboration
6 April 2025

Abstract: The azimuthal anisotropy of prompt $\mathrm{D}_\mathrm{s}^{\pm}$ mesons in lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV is measured using data obtained with the CMS detector. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 0.58 nb $^{-1}$ . The $v_2$ and $v_3$ Fourier coefficients are studied as a function of the $\mathrm{D}_\mathrm{s}^{\pm}$ transverse momentum ( $p_\mathrm{T}$ ). The $v_2$ coefficient is determined in the range 4 $< p_\mathrm{T} <$ 40 GeV/ $c$ for three event centrality ranges, while the $v_3$ coefficient is measured in the range 4 $< p_\mathrm{T} <$ 20 GeV/ $c$ for one event centrality range. The results align with those observed for $\mathrm{D}^{0}$ mesons, suggesting that the inclusion of a strange quark in the $\mathrm{D}_\mathrm{s}^{\pm}$ meson has a minimal impact on the flow coefficients when these are compared to the non-strange $\mathrm{D}^{0}$ meson within the measured $p_\mathrm{T}$ range of the analysis.
Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ;

Figures	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: The elliptic flow ( $v_2$ ) and triangular flow ( $v_3$ ) extracted from the fit to the $m_\mathrm{inv}$ distribution for the centrality 10-30% and 6 $< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 8 GeV/ $c$ .
png pdf	Figure 2: The elliptic, $v_{2}$ (upper panel), and the triangular, $v_{3}$ (lower panel), flow coefficients for prompt $\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ and prompt $\mathrm{D^0}$ (from Ref. [16]) as functions of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and in different bins of centrality. The bars and the boxes represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.The hatched area shown on top of the ALICE $v_{2}$ results in the 30-50% centrality bin represents the contribution to the systematic uncertainty of the non-prompt contribution.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: The elliptic, $v_{2}$ (upper panel), and the triangular, $v_{3}$ (lower panel), flow coefficients for prompt $\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ and prompt $\mathrm{D^0}$ (from Ref. [16]) as functions of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and in different bins of centrality. The bars and the boxes represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.The hatched area shown on top of the ALICE $v_{2}$ results in the 30-50% centrality bin represents the contribution to the systematic uncertainty of the non-prompt contribution.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: The elliptic, $v_{2}$ (upper panel), and the triangular, $v_{3}$ (lower panel), flow coefficients for prompt $\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ and prompt $\mathrm{D^0}$ (from Ref. [16]) as functions of $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and in different bins of centrality. The bars and the boxes represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.The hatched area shown on top of the ALICE $v_{2}$ results in the 30-50% centrality bin represents the contribution to the systematic uncertainty of the non-prompt contribution.

Summary

In summary, the elliptic flow

$v_{2}$ and triangular flow

$v_{3}$ coefficients for prompt

$\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ mesons in PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The

$v_{2}$ results for transverse momenta in the range 4

$< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 40 GeV/

$c$ are presented in three centrality ranges corresponding to central, mid-central, and peripheral collisions, while the

$v_{3}$ results for transverse momenta in the range 4

$< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 20 GeV/

$c$ are presented for mid-central collisions, exploring the full rapidity coverage of the CMS detector. The high precision

$v_{2}$ results exhibit a strong centrality and transverse momentum dependence. A non-zero

$v_{3}$ coefficient is also observed for 4

$< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 10 GeV/

$c$ , suggesting the influence of initial state geometry fluctuations. The consistency of Fourier coefficients between

$\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ and

$\mathrm{D^0}$ mesons suggests that the strangeness content of the

$\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ meson does not strongly interact with the enhanced strange quark abundance in the QGP, resulting in no substantial effect on the

$v_{2}$ and

$v_{3}$ measurements across the measured

$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ range.

References
1	BRAHMS Collaboration	Quark-gluon plasma and color glass condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment	Nucl. Phys. A 757 (2005) 1	nucl-ex/0410020
2	PHOBOS Collaboration	The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC	Nucl. Phys. A 757 (2005) 28	nucl-ex/0410022
3	STAR Collaboration	Experimental and theoretical challenges in the search for the quark-gluon plasma: the STAR Collaboration's critical assessment of the evidence from RHIC collisions	Nucl. Phys. A 757 (2005) 102	nucl-ex/0501009
4	PHENIX Collaboration	Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: experimental evaluation by the PHENIX Collaboration	Nucl. Phys. A 757 (2005) 184	nucl-ex/0410003
5	J.-Y. Ollitrault	Anisotropy as a signature of transverse collective flow	PRD 46 (1992) 229
6	U. Heinz and R. Snellings	Collective flow and viscosity in relativistic heavy-ion collisions	Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 63 (2013) 123	1301.2826
7	C. Gale, S. Jeon, and B. Schenke	Hydrodynamic modeling of heavy-ion collisions	Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 28 (2013) 1340011	1301.5893
8	B. Alver and G. Roland	Collision-geometry fluctuations and triangular flow in heavy-ion collisions	Phys. Rev. C 81 (2010) 054905	1003.0194
9	F. Prino and R. Rapp	Open heavy flavor in QCD matter and in nuclear collisions	JPG 43 (2016) 093002	1603.00529
10	R. Rapp et al.	Extraction of heavy-flavor transport coefficients in QCD matter	Nucl. Phys. A 979 (2018) 21	1803.03824
11	H. van Hees, V. Greco, and R. Rapp	Heavy-quark probes of the quark-gluon plasma and interpretation of recent data taken at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider	Phys. Rev. C 73 (2006) 034913	nucl-th/0508055
12	M. Gyulassy, I. Vitev, and X.-N. Wang	High $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ azimuthal asymmetry in noncentral $A+A$ at RHIC	PRL 86 (2001) 2537	nucl-th/0012092
13	E. V. Shuryak	Azimuthal asymmetry at large $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ seem to be too large for a pure ``jet quenching''	Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 027902	nucl-th/0112042
14	ALICE Collaboration	D-meson azimuthal anisotropy in midcentral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV	PRL 120 (2018) 102301	1707.01005
15	CMS Collaboration	Measurement of prompt $\mathrm{D^0}$ meson azimuthal anisotropy in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}=$ 5.02 TeV	PRL 120 (2018) 202301	CMS-HIN-16-007 1708.03497
16	CMS Collaboration	Measurement of prompt $\mathrm{D}^0$ and $\overline{\mathrm{D}}^0$ meson azimuthal anisotropy and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}=$ 5.02 TeV	PLB 816 (2021) 136253	CMS-HIN-19-008 2009.12628
17	ATLAS Collaboration	Measurement of azimuthal anisotropy of muons from charm and bottom hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector	PLB 807 (2020) 135595	2003.03565
18	ALICE Collaboration	$\mathrm{J}/\psi$ elliptic and triangular flow in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV	JHEP 10 (2020) 141	2005.14518
19	ALICE Collaboration	Transverse-momentum and event-shape dependence of D-meson flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV	PLB 813 (2021) 136054	2005.11131
20	CMS Collaboration	Probing charm quark dynamics via multiparticle correlations in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV	PRL 129 (2022) 022001	CMS-HIN-20-001 2112.12236
21	A. Tumasyan	Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt charmonia in pbpb collisions at 5.02 tev	Technical report, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), 2023
22	CMS Collaboration	The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC	JINST 03 (2008) S08004
23	CMS Collaboration	Performance of the CMS level-1 trigger in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV	JINST 15 (2020) P10017	CMS-TRG-17-001 2006.10165
24	CMS Collaboration	The CMS trigger system	JINST 12 (2017) P01020	CMS-TRG-12-001 1609.02366
25	CMS Collaboration	Electron and photon reconstruction and identification with the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC	JINST 16 (2021) P05014	CMS-EGM-17-001 2012.06888
26	CMS Collaboration	Performance of the CMS muon detector and muon reconstruction with proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV	JINST 13 (2018) P06015	CMS-MUO-16-001 1804.04528
27	CMS Collaboration	Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker	JINST 9 (2014) P10009	CMS-TRK-11-001 1405.6569
28	CMS Collaboration	Precision luminosity measurement in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016 at CMS	EPJC 81 (2021) 800	CMS-LUM-17-003 2104.01927
29	CMS Collaboration	CMS luminosity measurement using nucleus-nucleus collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}=$ 5.02 TeV in 2018	CMS Physics Analysis Summary, 2022 CMS-PAS-LUM-18-001	CMS-PAS-LUM-18-001
30	CMS Collaboration	Observation and studies of jet quenching in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}=$ 2.76 TeV	Phys. Rev. C 84 (2011) 024906	CMS-HIN-10-004 1102.1957
31	T. Sjöstrand et al.	An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2	Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 159	1410.3012
32	CMS Collaboration	Extraction and validation of a new set of CMS PYTHIA8 tunes from underlying-event measurements	EPJC 80 (2020) 4	CMS-GEN-17-001 1903.12179
33	D. J. Lange	The EVTGEN particle decay simulation package	NIM A 462 (2001) 152
34	I. P. Lokhtin and A. M. Snigirev	A model of jet quenching in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions and high- $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadron spectra at RHIC	EPJC 45 (2006) 211	hep-ph/0506189
35	GEANT4 Collaboration	GEANT 4---a simulation toolkit	NIM A 506 (2003) 250
36	Particle Data Group Collaboration	Review of particle physics	Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2022 (2022) 083C01
37	H. Voss, A. Höcker, J. Stelzer, and F. Tegenfeldt	TMVA, the toolkit for multivariate data analysis with ROOT	in XIth International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research, 2007 link	physics/0703039
38	STAR Collaboration	Elliptic flow from two- and four-particle correlations in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 130 GeV	Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 034904	nucl-ex/0206001
39	A. M. Poskanzer and S. A. Voloshin	Methods for analyzing anisotropic flow in relativistic nuclear collisions	Phys. Rev. C 58 (1998) 1671	nucl-ex/9805001
40	NA49 Collaboration	Directed and elliptic flow of charged pions and protons in Pb+Pb collisions at 40A and 158A GeV	Phys. Rev. C 68 (2003) 034903	nucl-ex/0303001
41	S. Acharya and et al.	Measurement of prompt $\mathrm{D}_{s}^{\pm}$ meson production and azimuthal anisotropy in Pb–Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 5.02 TeV	PLB 827 (2022) 136986