CMS-SMP-17-005

CMS-SMP-17-005 ; CERN-EP-2018-161
Measurement of differential cross sections for Z boson pair production in association with jets at $\sqrt{s}=$ 8 and 13 TeV
CMS Collaboration
28 June 2018
Phys. Lett. B 789 (2019) 19
Abstract: This Letter reports measurements of differential cross sections for the production of two Z bosons in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 8 and 13 TeV. The analysis is based on data samples collected at the LHC with the CMS detector, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 35.9 fb $^{-1}$ at 8 and 13 TeV, respectively. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes $\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{Z}\to\ell^+ \ell^- \ell'^+ \ell'^-$ , where $\ell,\ell' = \mathrm{e}$ , $\mu$ . The differential cross sections as a function of the jet multiplicity, the transverse momentum ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ , and pseudorapidity of the ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ -leading and subleading jets are presented. In addition, the differential cross sections as a function of variables sensitive to the vector boson scattering, such as the invariant mass of the two ${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ -leading jets and their pseudorapidity separation, are reported. The results are compared to theoretical predictions and found in good agreement within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties.
Links: e-print arXiv:1806.11073 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ;

Figures & Tables	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: Distribution of the reconstructed jet multiplicity in the 8 TeV (left) and 13 TeV (right) data. The points represent the data and the vertical bars correspond to the statistical uncertainty. The shaded histograms represent MC predictions and the background estimates, while the hatched band on their sum indicates the systematic uncertainty of the prediction. The Z+jets and ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ background is obtained from the data.
png pdf	Figure 1-a: Distribution of the reconstructed jet multiplicity in the 8 TeV data. The points represent the data and the vertical bars correspond to the statistical uncertainty. The shaded histograms represent MC predictions and the background estimates, while the hatched band on their sum indicates the systematic uncertainty of the prediction. The Z+jets and ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ background is obtained from the data.
png pdf	Figure 1-b: Distribution of the reconstructed jet multiplicity in the 13 TeV data. The points represent the data and the vertical bars correspond to the statistical uncertainty. The shaded histograms represent MC predictions and the background estimates, while the hatched band on their sum indicates the systematic uncertainty of the prediction. The Z+jets and ${{\mathrm {t}\overline {\mathrm {t}}}}$ background is obtained from the data.
png pdf	Figure 2: Differential cross sections of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 4.7 (top panels) and $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 2.4 (bottom panels), for the 8 (left) and 13 (right) TeV data. The measurements are compared to the predictions of MG5_aMC@nlo, POWHEG, and MadGraph5 (8 TeV only) sets of samples. Each MC set, along with the main MC generator, includes the MCFM and Phantom generators. PYTHIA 6 and PYTHIA 8 are used for parton showering, hadronization, and underlying event simulation, for the 8 and 13 TeV analysis, respectively, with the sole exception of MG5_aMC@nlo, which is always interfaced to PYTHIA 8. The total experimental uncertainties are shown as hatched regions, while the colored bands display the theoretical uncertainties in the matrix element calculations.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: Differential cross sections of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 4.7, for the 8 TeV data. The measurements are compared to the predictions of MG5_aMC@nlo, POWHEG, and MadGraph5 (8 TeV only) sets of samples. Each MC set, along with the main MC generator, includes the MCFM and Phantom generators. PYTHIA 6 and PYTHIA 8 are used for parton showering, hadronization, and underlying event simulation, for the 8 and 13 TeV analysis, respectively, with the sole exception of MG5_aMC@nlo, which is always interfaced to PYTHIA 8. The total experimental uncertainties are shown as hatched regions, while the colored bands display the theoretical uncertainties in the matrix element calculations.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: Differential cross sections of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 4.7, for the 13 TeV data. The measurements are compared to the predictions of MG5_aMC@nlo, POWHEG, and MadGraph5 (8 TeV only) sets of samples. Each MC set, along with the main MC generator, includes the MCFM and Phantom generators. PYTHIA 6 and PYTHIA 8 are used for parton showering, hadronization, and underlying event simulation, for the 8 and 13 TeV analysis, respectively, with the sole exception of MG5_aMC@nlo, which is always interfaced to PYTHIA 8. The total experimental uncertainties are shown as hatched regions, while the colored bands display the theoretical uncertainties in the matrix element calculations.
png pdf	Figure 2-c: Differential cross sections of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 2.4, for the 8 TeV data. The measurements are compared to the predictions of MG5_aMC@nlo, POWHEG, and MadGraph5 (8 TeV only) sets of samples. Each MC set, along with the main MC generator, includes the MCFM and Phantom generators. PYTHIA 6 and PYTHIA 8 are used for parton showering, hadronization, and underlying event simulation, for the 8 and 13 TeV analysis, respectively, with the sole exception of MG5_aMC@nlo, which is always interfaced to PYTHIA 8. The total experimental uncertainties are shown as hatched regions, while the colored bands display the theoretical uncertainties in the matrix element calculations.
png pdf	Figure 2-d: Differential cross sections of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 2.4, for the 13 TeV data. The measurements are compared to the predictions of MG5_aMC@nlo, POWHEG, and MadGraph5 (8 TeV only) sets of samples. Each MC set, along with the main MC generator, includes the MCFM and Phantom generators. PYTHIA 6 and PYTHIA 8 are used for parton showering, hadronization, and underlying event simulation, for the 8 and 13 TeV analysis, respectively, with the sole exception of MG5_aMC@nlo, which is always interfaced to PYTHIA 8. The total experimental uncertainties are shown as hatched regions, while the colored bands display the theoretical uncertainties in the matrix element calculations.
png pdf	Figure 3: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 4.7 (top panels) and $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 2.4 (bottom panels), for the 8 (left) and 13 (right) TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 3-a: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 4.7, for the 8 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 3-b: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 4.7, for the 13 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 3-c: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 2.4, for the 8 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 3-d: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the multiplicity of jets with $\| \eta _{\mathrm {j}} \| <$ 2.4, for the 13 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 4: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 1 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -leading jet transverse momentum (top panels) and the absolute value of the pseudorapidity (bottom panels), for the 8 (left) and 13 (right) TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 4-a: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 1 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -leading jet transverse momentum, for the 8 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 4-b: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 1 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -leading jet transverse momentum, for the 13 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 4-c: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 1 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the absolute value of the pseudorapidity, for the 8 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 4-d: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 1 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ as a function of the absolute value of the pseudorapidity, for the 13 TeV data. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 5: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 2 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -subleading jet transverse momentum (left) and the absolute value of the pseudorapidity (right). Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 5-a: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 2 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -subleading jet transverse momentum. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 5-b: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 2 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the absolute value of the pseudorapidity. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 6: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 2 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the invariant mass of the two ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -leading jets (left) and their pseudorapidity separation (right). Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 6-a: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 2 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the invariant mass of the two ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -leading jets. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.
png pdf	Figure 6-b: Differential cross sections normalized to the cross section for ${N_{\text {jets}}} \ge$ 2 of ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to 4\ell$ at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the pseudorapidity separation of the two ${p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ -leading jets. Other details are as described in the caption of Fig. 2.

Tables
png pdf	Table 1: The contributions to the uncertainty in the absolute and normalized differential cross section measurements. Uncertainties that depend on jet multiplicity are listed as ranges.
png pdf	Table 2: Phase space definitions for cross section measurements at 8 TeV [6] and 13 TeV [8]. The common definitions apply to both measurements.
png pdf	Table 3: The ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to \ell \ell \ell '\ell '$ cross section at $\sqrt {s} =$ 8 TeV as a function of the jet multiplicity. The integrated luminosity uncertainty for number of jets = 2 and $\ge$ 3 is negligible and not quoted. The cross sections are compared to the theoretical predictions (last column) from MG5_aMC@nlo+MCFM+Phantom.
png pdf	Table 4: The ${\mathrm {p}} {\mathrm {p}}\to {\mathrm {Z}} {\mathrm {Z}} \to \ell \ell \ell '\ell '$ cross section at $\sqrt {s} =$ 13 TeV as a function of the jet multiplicity. The integrated luminosity uncertainty for the number of jets $\ge$ 3 is smaller than 0.1 fb and is not quoted. The cross sections are compared to the theoretical predictions (last column) from MG5_aMC@nlo+MCFM+Phantom.

Summary

The differential cross sections for the production of Z pairs in the four-lepton final state in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at

$\sqrt{s}=$ 8 and 13 TeV have been measured. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 (35.9) fb

$^{-1}$ for a center-of-mass energy of 8 (13) TeV. Cross sections are presented for the production of a pair of Z bosons as a function of the number of jets, the transverse momentum

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ , and pseudorapidity of the

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ -leading and subleading jets. Distributions of the invariant mass of the two

${p_{\mathrm{T}}}$ -leading jets and their separation in pseudorapidity are also presented. Good agreement is observed between the measurements and the theoretical predictions when next-to-leading order matrix-element calculations are used together with the PYTHIA parton shower simulation. Cross sections for ZZ production in association with jet have been measured with a precision ranging from 10 to 72% (8 to 38%) at 8 (13) TeV, for jet multiplicities ranging from 0 to

$\geq$ 3. The systematic uncertainty is of the same size, or smaller, than the statistical one. Analyses using future, larger data sets, with smaller statistical uncertainties, will allow the theoretical prediction of ZZ+jets to undergo more stringent tests.

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