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| CMS-PAS-SMP-25-013 | ||
| First measurements of vector boson scattering in $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ and WZ diboson events with vector boson decays to leptons at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13.6 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 2026-03-14 | ||
| Abstract: The production cross sections of same-sign WW and WZ boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions are measured at $ \sqrt{s} = $ 13.6 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 171 fb$ ^{-1} $, collected with the CMS detector during 2022--2024. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes: $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm \to \ell^\pm\nu\ell'^\pm\nu $ and $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{Z} \to \ell\nu\ell'\ell' $, where $ \ell, \ell' = \mathrm{e} $, $ \mu $. Electroweak production of same-sign WW and WZ bosons is observed at a significance larger than five standard deviations each. Differential fiducial cross sections as a function of several observables are also measured. | ||
| Links: CDS record (PDF) ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Representative Feynman diagrams of a VBS process contributing to the EW-induced production of events containing $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ (left) and WZ (right) boson pairs decaying to leptons, and two forward jets. New physics in the EW sector, represented by a dashed circle, can modify the quartic gauge couplings. |
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Figure 1-a:
Representative Feynman diagrams of a VBS process contributing to the EW-induced production of events containing $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ (left) and WZ (right) boson pairs decaying to leptons, and two forward jets. New physics in the EW sector, represented by a dashed circle, can modify the quartic gauge couplings. |
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Figure 1-b:
Representative Feynman diagrams of a VBS process contributing to the EW-induced production of events containing $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ (left) and WZ (right) boson pairs decaying to leptons, and two forward jets. New physics in the EW sector, represented by a dashed circle, can modify the quartic gauge couplings. |
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Figure 2:
Representative Feynman diagrams of the QCD-induced production of $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ (left) and WZ (right) boson pairs decaying to leptons, and two jets. |
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Figure 2-a:
Representative Feynman diagrams of the QCD-induced production of $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ (left) and WZ (right) boson pairs decaying to leptons, and two jets. |
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Figure 2-b:
Representative Feynman diagrams of the QCD-induced production of $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ (left) and WZ (right) boson pairs decaying to leptons, and two jets. |
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Figure 3:
Distributions of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower) in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. Vertical bars on data points represent the statistical uncertainty in the data. The histograms for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{x} $ backgrounds include the contributions from $ {\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{V} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ processes. The histograms for the wrong-sign background include the contributions from oppositely charged dilepton final states. The overflow is included in the last bin. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the number of events observed in data to that of the total SM prediction. The gray bands represent the uncertainties in the predicted yields. |
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Figure 3-a:
Distributions of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower) in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. Vertical bars on data points represent the statistical uncertainty in the data. The histograms for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{x} $ backgrounds include the contributions from $ {\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{V} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ processes. The histograms for the wrong-sign background include the contributions from oppositely charged dilepton final states. The overflow is included in the last bin. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the number of events observed in data to that of the total SM prediction. The gray bands represent the uncertainties in the predicted yields. |
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Figure 3-b:
Distributions of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower) in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. Vertical bars on data points represent the statistical uncertainty in the data. The histograms for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{x} $ backgrounds include the contributions from $ {\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{V} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ processes. The histograms for the wrong-sign background include the contributions from oppositely charged dilepton final states. The overflow is included in the last bin. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the number of events observed in data to that of the total SM prediction. The gray bands represent the uncertainties in the predicted yields. |
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Figure 3-c:
Distributions of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower) in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. Vertical bars on data points represent the statistical uncertainty in the data. The histograms for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{x} $ backgrounds include the contributions from $ {\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{V} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ processes. The histograms for the wrong-sign background include the contributions from oppositely charged dilepton final states. The overflow is included in the last bin. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the number of events observed in data to that of the total SM prediction. The gray bands represent the uncertainties in the predicted yields. |
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Figure 3-d:
Distributions of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower) in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. Vertical bars on data points represent the statistical uncertainty in the data. The histograms for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{x} $ backgrounds include the contributions from $ {\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{V} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ processes. The histograms for the wrong-sign background include the contributions from oppositely charged dilepton final states. The overflow is included in the last bin. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the number of events observed in data to that of the total SM prediction. The gray bands represent the uncertainties in the predicted yields. |
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Figure 3-e:
Distributions of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower) in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. Vertical bars on data points represent the statistical uncertainty in the data. The histograms for $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{x} $ backgrounds include the contributions from $ {\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}} \mathrm{V} $ and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ processes. The histograms for the wrong-sign background include the contributions from oppositely charged dilepton final states. The overflow is included in the last bin. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the number of events observed in data to that of the total SM prediction. The gray bands represent the uncertainties in the predicted yields. |
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Figure 4:
Distributions of the BDT score (left) and $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (right) in the WZ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. |
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Figure 4-a:
Distributions of the BDT score (left) and $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (right) in the WZ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. |
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Figure 4-b:
Distributions of the BDT score (left) and $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (right) in the WZ SR. The predicted yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit. |
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Figure 5:
Measured and predicted absolute EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 5-a:
Measured and predicted absolute EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 5-b:
Measured and predicted absolute EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 5-c:
Measured and predicted absolute EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 5-d:
Measured and predicted absolute EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 5-e:
Measured and predicted absolute EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 6:
Measured and predicted normalized EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 6-a:
Measured and predicted normalized EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 6-b:
Measured and predicted normalized EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 6-c:
Measured and predicted normalized EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 6-d:
Measured and predicted normalized EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 6-e:
Measured and predicted normalized EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (upper left), $ m_{\ell\ell} $ (upper right), $ \Delta\eta_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center left), $ \Delta\phi_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $ (center right), and $ N_{\mathrm{j}} $ (lower). The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 7:
Measured and predicted absolute (left) and normalized (right) EW WZ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $. The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 7-a:
Measured and predicted absolute (left) and normalized (right) EW WZ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $. The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
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Figure 7-b:
Measured and predicted absolute (left) and normalized (right) EW WZ cross sections in bins of $ m_{\mathrm{j}\mathrm{j}} $. The ratios of the predictions to the data are also shown. The measurements are compared with the predictions from the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA generators. The shaded bands around the data points correspond to the measurement uncertainty. The error bars around the predictions correspond to the combined statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions without applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Selection criteria defining the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ and WZ SRs. The third lepton in the WZ selection refers to the single lepton from the decay of the W boson. The $ |m_{\ell\ell} - m_{\mathrm{Z}}| $ requirement is applied to the dielectron final state only in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR. |
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Table 2:
List and description of the input variables to the BDT used in the WZ SR. The Zeppenfeld variable is defined in Eq. (1), where $ \eta $ refers either to a single lepton or to the trilepton system. |
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Table 3:
Systematic uncertainties in the signal strength $ \mu $, defined as the measured inclusive EW cross sections divided by the predicted cross sections. Lepton experimental uncertainties encompass the effects of the calibration of lepton momentum scale and resolution, as well as lepton trigger, reconstruction, identification, and isolation efficiencies. Jet experimental uncertainties encompass the effects of JES and JER. The limited sample size refers to the finite number of MC and data events used to estimate the backgrounds. |
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Table 4:
Expected yields from SM processes and observed data events in the $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ SR, nonprompt lepton CR, WZ SR, and $ \mathrm{t}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{q} $ CR. The combination of the statistical and systematic uncertainties is indicated. The expected yields are shown with their best fit normalizations from the simultaneous fit to the data. |
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Table 5:
Definition of the fiducial regions. |
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Table 6:
The measured inclusive cross sections for the EW $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $, EW+QCD $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $, EW WZ, and EW+QCD WZ processes, and the theoretical predictions with MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO and SHERPA at LO. The EW processes include the corresponding interference contributions. The theoretical uncertainties include statistical, PDF, and scale uncertainties. Predictions with applying the $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha_\mathrm{S}\alpha^6) $ and $ \mathcal{O}(\alpha^7) $ corrections to the MadGraph-5\_aMC@NLO LO cross sections, as described in the text, are also shown. The predictions of the QCD $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ and WZ processes do not include additional corrections. All reported values are in \unitfb. |
| Summary |
| The production cross sections of WZ and same-sign $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ boson pairs in association with two jets are measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 171 fb$ ^{-1} $, collected with the CMS detector during 2022--2024. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{Z} \to \ell^\pm\nu\ell'^\pm\ell'^\mp $ and $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm \to \ell^\pm\nu\ell'^\pm\nu $, where $ \ell, \ell' = \mathrm{e}, \mu $. Inclusive electroweak $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ and WZ fiducial cross section measurements and differential electroweak $ \mathrm{W}^\pm\mathrm{W}^\pm $ fiducial cross section measurements as functions of several kinematic observables are measured and show good agreement with standard model predictions. |
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