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| CMS-SMP-20-015 ; CERN-EP-2021-224 | ||
| Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 17 December 2021 | ||
| Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 092014 | ||
| Abstract: The measurement of the cross section for the production of a Z boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2016-2018. The integrated cross sections for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet and Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels. The fiducial cross sections in the combined channel are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets . The differential cross section distributions are measured as functions of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections for Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets and Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All measurements are compared with predictions from various event generators. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2112.09659 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; Physics Briefing ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Examples of Feynman diagrams for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet (left) and Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets (middle and right). |
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Figure 2:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as a function of Z transverse momenta for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. The uncertainties in the predictions are shown as colored bands in the bottom panel around the theoretical predictions including statistical, PDF, scale, and ${\alpha _\mathrm {S}}$ uncertainties for the MG3_aMC (NLO, NNPDF 3.1, CP5), MG3_aMC (NLO, NNPDF 3.0, CUETP8M1) and the statistical and PDF uncertainties for the SHERPA predictions. The statistical, theoretical, and total uncertainties in data are indicated by the vertical bars, yellow, and hatched bands centered at 1, respectively. The same description applies to all of the remaining figures. |
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Figure 2-a:
Differential cross section distribution as a function of Z transverse momenta for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. The uncertainties in the predictions are shown as colored bands in the bottom panel around the theoretical predictions including statistical, PDF, scale, and ${\alpha _\mathrm {S}}$ uncertainties for the MG3_aMC (NLO, NNPDF 3.1, CP5), MG3_aMC (NLO, NNPDF 3.0, CUETP8M1) and the statistical and PDF uncertainties for the SHERPA predictions. The statistical, theoretical, and total uncertainties in data are indicated by the vertical bars, yellow, and hatched bands centered at 1, respectively. |
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Figure 2-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of Z transverse momenta for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. The uncertainties in the predictions are shown as colored bands in the bottom panel around the theoretical predictions including statistical, PDF, scale, and ${\alpha _\mathrm {S}}$ uncertainties for the MG3_aMC (NLO, NNPDF 3.1, CP5), MG3_aMC (NLO, NNPDF 3.0, CUETP8M1) and the statistical and PDF uncertainties for the SHERPA predictions. The statistical, theoretical, and total uncertainties in data are indicated by the vertical bars, yellow, and hatched bands centered at 1, respectively. |
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Figure 3:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as a function of b jet transverse momenta for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 3-a:
Differential cross section distribution as a function of b jet transverse momenta for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 3-b:
Normalized Differential cross section distribution as a function of b jet transverse momenta for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 4:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of b jet absolute pseudorapidity for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 4-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of b jet absolute pseudorapidity for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 4-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of b jet absolute pseudorapidity for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 5:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of ${\Delta \phi ^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 5-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of ${\Delta \phi ^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 5-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of ${\Delta \phi ^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 6:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of ${\Delta y^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 6-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of ${\Delta y^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 6-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of ${\Delta y^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 7:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of ${\Delta R^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 7-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of ${\Delta R^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 7-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of ${\Delta R^{(\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{b} \, \, \text {jet})}}$ between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Figure 8:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the leading b jet transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 8-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the leading b jet transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 8-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the leading b jet transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 9:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the leading b jet absolute pseudorapidity for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 9-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the leading b jet absolute pseudorapidity for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 9-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the leading b jet absolute pseudorapidity for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 10:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the subleading b jet transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 10-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the subleading b jet transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 10-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the subleading b jet transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 11:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the Z boson transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 11-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the Z boson transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 11-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the Z boson transverse momentum for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 12:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the angular separation between two b jets, $\Delta R_{\mathrm {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b}}}$ for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 12-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the angular separation between two b jets, $\Delta R_{\mathrm {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b}}}$ for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 12-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the angular separation between two b jets, $\Delta R_{\mathrm {\mathrm{b} \mathrm{b}}}$ for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 13:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the minimum angular separation between the Z boson and two b jets, $\Delta R^{\text {min}}_{\mathrm {Zbb}}$ for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 13-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the minimum angular separation between the Z boson and two b jets, $\Delta R^{\text {min}}_{\mathrm {Zbb}}$ for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 13-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the minimum angular separation between the Z boson and two b jets, $\Delta R^{\text {min}}_{\mathrm {Zbb}}$ for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Figure 14:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the asymmetry of the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets system, $A_{\mathrm {Zbb}}$. |
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Figure 14-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the asymmetry of the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets system, $A_{\mathrm {Zbb}}$. |
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Figure 14-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the asymmetry of the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets system, $A_{\mathrm {Zbb}}$. |
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Figure 15:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the invariant mass of the two b jets. |
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Figure 15-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the invariant mass of the two b jets. |
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Figure 15-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the invariant mass of the two b jets. |
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Figure 16:
(left) Differential cross section and the (right) normalized differential cross section distributions as functions of the invariant mass of the Z boson and two b jets. |
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Figure 16-a:
Differential cross section distribution as functions of the invariant mass of the Z boson and two b jets. |
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Figure 16-b:
Normalized differential cross section distribution as functions of the invariant mass of the Z boson and two b jets. |
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Figure 17:
Distributions of the cross section ratios, $\sigma $(Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets)/$\sigma $(Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet), as functions of the (left) leading b jet transverse momentum and (right) absolute pseudorapidity. |
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Figure 17-a:
Distributions of the cross section ratios, $\sigma $(Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets)/$\sigma $(Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet), as functions of the leading b jet transverse momentum. |
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Figure 17-b:
Distributions of the cross section ratios, $\sigma $(Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets)/$\sigma $(Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet), as functions of the absolute pseudorapidity. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Fiducial region definition at generator-level. |
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Table 2:
Summary of the uncertainties (in percent) in the integrated cross sections for the dielectron, dimuon, and combined channels in the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet and Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. |
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Table 3:
Summary of the uncertainties (in percent) in the differential cross section distributions for the combined channel in the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Table 4:
Summary of the uncertainties (in percent) in the normalized differential distributions for the combined channel in the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet events. |
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Table 5:
Summary of the uncertainties (in percent) in the differential cross section distributions for the combined channel in the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. The symbols, b1 and b2, stand for leading and subleading b jets, respectively. |
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Table 6:
Summary of the uncertainties (in percent) in the normalized differential distributions for the combined channel in the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets events. The symbols, b1 and b2, stand for leading and subleading b jets, respectively. |
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Table 7:
Measured and predicted cross sections (in pb) for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet and Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets final states. The cross section ratios between the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets and Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet are shown in the last three rows for the dielectron, dimuon, and combined channels. In the measured results the first, second, and third uncertainties correspond to the statistical, systematic, and theoretical sources, respectively. The MG3_aMC (NLO) predictions include theoretical uncertainties (PDF, and renormalization and factorization scales). |
| Summary |
| A measurement of fiducial cross sections of the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet and Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets processes, along with the differential and normalized differential cross section distributions of different kinematic observables, is performed using proton-proton collisions data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. This is the first measurement of these processes based on data collected during the 2016-2018 LHC running period. The fiducial cross sections are measured to be 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for the Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets , which are better described by the MG3_aMC leading order (LO) simulation but overestimated by MG3_aMC next-to-LO (NLO) and SHERPA predictions. Since all predictions are normalized to the inclusive Z $+$ jets next-to-NLO cross section, differences between MG3_aMC (NLO) and MG3_aMC (LO) results could be attributable to variations in shapes of observables and settings (parton distribution functions, Monte Carlo tunes, matching schemes) used in those simulations. The SHERPA simulation overestimates the measured integrated cross section; however, it provides a good description of the shapes of various kinematic observables. The MG3_aMC (LO) and MG3_aMC (NLO) generators interfaced with PYTHIA describe the fiducial cross section better but do not completely describe the shapes of the kinematic observables. Present measurements can be used as an input for the further optimization of the simulation parameters. The measured value of the cross section ratio of the Z $+ \geq $ 2 b jets to Z $+ \geq $ 1 b jet is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo), which is well described by the MG3_aMC (LO, NNPDF 3.0, CUETP8M1) and SHERPA calculations but overestimated by MG3_aMC (NLO) prediction. |
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