CMS-HIN-23-010

CMS-HIN-23-010 ; CERN-EP-2025-020
Search for jet quenching with dijets from high-multiplicity pPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 8.16 TeV
CMS Collaboration
11 April 2025
Submitted to J. High Energy Phys.
Abstract: The first measurement of the dijet transverse momentum balance $x_{j}$ in proton-lead (pPb) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 8.16 TeV is presented. The $x_{j}$ observable, defined as the ratio of the subleading over leading jet transverse momentum in a dijet pair, is used to search for jet quenching effects. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 174.6 nb $^{-1}$ , were collected with the CMS detector in 2016. The $x_{j}$ distributions and their average values are studied as functions of the charged-particle multiplicity of the events and for various dijet rapidity selections. The latter enables probing hard scattering of partons carrying distinct nucleon momentum fractions $x$ in the proton- and lead-going directions. The former, aided by the high-multiplicity triggers, allows probing for potential jet quenching effects in high-multiplicity events (with up to 400 charged particles), for which collective phenomena consistent with quark-gluon plasma (QGP) droplet formation were previously observed. The ratios of $x_{j}$ distributions for high- to low-multiplicity events are used to quantify the possible medium effects. These ratios are consistent with simulations of the hard-scattering process that do not include QGP production. These measurements set an upper limit on medium-induced energy loss of the subleading jet of 1.26% of its transverse momentum at the 90% confidence level in high multiplicity pPb events.
Links: e-print arXiv:2504.08507 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ;

Figures	Summary	References	CMS Publications

Figures
png pdf	Figure 1: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 1-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 1-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 1-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 1-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 1-e: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 1-f: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 2: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 2-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 2-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 2-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 2-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 2-e: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 2-f: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, in the multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 from different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 3: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 3-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 3-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 3-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 3-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed. Monte Carlo event generation for multiplicities greater than 250 was deemed impractical.
png pdf	Figure 4: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 4-a: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 4-b: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 4-c: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 4-d: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 4-e: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 4-f: The ratio of unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions between dijet events from multiplicity range 185 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 250 to 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 is shown for leading and subleading jet combinations at mid-, forward, and backward rapidity regions. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure 5: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure 5-a: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure 5-b: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure 5-c: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure 5-d: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure 5-e: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure 5-f: The ratio of the mean $x_{j}$ values ratio $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ for dijet events from different multiplicity classes to that of events with the lowest multiplicity selection in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60. The ratios of $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ values, extracted from unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, are presented for different leading and subleading jet selections from mid-, forward and backward rapidity regions. Comparison with the generator-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The multiplicity range shown on the x-axis represents the multiplicity selection for the numerator of the ratio.
png pdf	Figure A1: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A1-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A1-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A1-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A1-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A1-e: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A1-f: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2-e: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A2-f: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3-e: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A3-f: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4-e: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A4-f: The unfolded $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities, and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A5: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A5-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A5-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A5-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A5-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A6: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A6-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A6-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A6-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A6-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A7: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A7-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A7-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A7-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A7-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A8: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A8-a: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A8-b: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A8-c: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A8-d: The unfolded $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the generator-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9-e: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A9-f: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10-e: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A10-f: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11-e: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A11-f: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12-e: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A12-f: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13-e: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A13-f: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ distributions, from lower to higher multiplicities and for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparisons with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A14: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A14-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A14-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A14-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A14-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for both leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity region, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A15: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A15-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A15-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A15-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A15-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and forward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A16: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A16-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A16-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A16-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A16-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the midrapidity and backward regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A17: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A17-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A17-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A17-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A17-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the forward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A18: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A18-a: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A18-b: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A18-c: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A18-d: The measured (raw) $x_{j}$ ratio in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60, from lower to higher multiplicities for leading and subleading jets in the backward and midrapidity regions, respectively, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC simulation (green band) are also displayed.
png pdf	Figure A19: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.
png pdf	Figure A19-a: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.
png pdf	Figure A19-b: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.
png pdf	Figure A19-c: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.
png pdf	Figure A19-d: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.
png pdf	Figure A19-e: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.
png pdf	Figure A19-f: Mean $x_{j}$ ratio, $\langle x_{j} \rangle$ , in the range 10 $\leq N_{\text{trk}}^{\text{offline}} <$ 60 as measured (raw) for different multiplicities, for different leading and subleading jet combinations for the midrapidity, forward, and backward regions, are shown. Comparison with the reconstruction-level (green band) PYTHIA8+EPOS LHC are also displayed. The $\langle x_{j} \rangle_{\text{range}}$ corresponds to the higher multiplicity ranges shown in the x-axis.

Summary

The first search for jet quenching effects on dijet momentum balance in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of

$\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} =$ 8.16 TeV is presented. The dijet transverse momentum balance (

$x_{j}$ ), defined as the ratio of the subleading over the leading jet in a dijet pair, was studied as a function of charged-particle multiplicity for several dijet kinematic selections. The data collected by the CMS experiment with minimum bias and special high-multiplicity triggers during the 2016 data-taking period corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 174.6 nb

$^{-1}$ . These special triggers aided the accumulation of a substantial sample of high multiplicity events (producing up to 400 charged-particles per event) and enabled jet-quenching signal search in high-multiplicity events. An anti-

$k_{\mathrm{T}}$ algorithm with a distance parameter of 0.4 is used to reconstruct jets using a combination of tracker and calorimeter information. The dijets were formed by the two highest transverse momentum (

$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ ) jets in the event with the minimum

$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ requirements of 100 GeV and 50 GeV, respectively, that pass back-to-back selection (azimuthal separation greater than 5

$\pi/$ 6). The

$x_{j}$ distributions for such dijets were measured for events in several multiplicity ranges, and modifications of the measured distributions were quantified by taking ratios of the measurements from the higher multiplicity event selections to that of the lowest multiplicity class. These high-to-low multiplicity selection ratios are found to be close to unity and in agreement with simulations that do not include jet-quenching effects. These measurements set an upper limit on medium-induced energy loss of the subleading jet to be less than 1.26% of its transverse momentum at the one-sided 90% confidence level at an average

$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ of 103.5 GeV for high-multiplicity pPb events, where strong collective signals have been reported. Interpreting this upper limit on jet quenching and the previously observed evidence for collective behavior in small systems will require further theoretical developments to reproduce all observations.

References
0	J. D. Bjorken	Energy loss of energetic partons in quark-gluon plasma: possible extinction of high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ jets in hadron-hadron collisions	Fermilab theory preprint FERMILAB-PUB-82-059-THY, 1982 link
2	CMS Collaboration	Observation and studies of jet quenching in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 2.76 TeV	Phys. Rev. C \textbf84 024906, 2011 link	CMS-HIN-10-004 1102.1957
3	ATLAS Collaboration	Observation of a centrality-dependent dijet asymmetry in lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC	PRL 105 (2010) 252303	1011.6182
4	STAR Collaboration	Measurements of jet quenching with semi-inclusive hadron+jet distributions in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 200 GeV	Phys. Rev. C 96 (2017) 024905	1702.01108
5	STAR Collaboration	Beam energy dependence of jet-quenching effects in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, and 62.4 GeV	PRL 121 (2018) 032301	1707.01988
6	CMS Collaboration	Comparing transverse momentum balance of b jet pairs in pp and PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 5.02 TeV	JHEP 03 (2018) 181	CMS-HIN-16-005 1802.00707
7	CMS Collaboration	Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC	Physics Reports 1115 (2025) 219
8	CMS Collaboration	Measurement of long-range near-side two-particle angular correlations in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV	PRL 116 (2016) 172302	CMS-FSQ-15-002 1510.03068
9	CMS Collaboration	Evidence for collectivity in pp collisions at the LHC	Phys. Lett. B \textbf765 193, 2017 link	CMS-HIN-16-010 1606.06198
10	CMS Collaboration	Observation of long-range near-side angular correlations in proton-lead collisions at the LHC	Phys. Lett. B \textbf718 795, 2013 link	CMS-HIN-12-015 1210.5482
11	PHENIX Collaboration	Creation of quark-gluon plasma droplets with three distinct geometries	Nature Phys. 15 (2019) 214	1805.02973
12	ALICE Collaboration	Enhanced production of multi-strange hadrons in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions	Nature Phys. 13 (2017) 535	1606.07424
13	CMS Collaboration	Studies of dijet transverse momentum balance and pseudorapidity distributions in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 5.02 TeV	EPJC 74 (2014) 2951	CMS-HIN-13-001 1401.4433
14	PHENIX Collaboration	Centrality-dependent modification of jet-production rates in deuteron-gold collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 200 GeV	Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf116 122301, 2016 link	1509.04657
15	CMS Collaboration	Measurement of inclusive jet production and nuclear modifications in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 5.02 TeV	EPJC 76 (2016) 372	CMS-HIN-14-001 1601.02001
16	ALICE Collaboration	Constraints on jet quenching in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 5.02 TeV measured by the event-activity dependence of semi-inclusive hadron-jet distributions	Phys. Lett. B \textbf783 95, 2018 link	1712.05603
17	ATLAS Collaboration	Strong constraints on jet quenching in centrality-dependent p+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV from ATLAS	PRL 131 (2023) 072301	2206.01138
18	STAR Collaboration	Correlations of event activity with hard and soft processes in p+Au collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 200 GeV at the RHIC STAR experiment	Phys. Rev. C 110 (2024) 044908	2404.08784
19	CMS Collaboration	Precision luminosity measurement in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016 at CMS	EPJC 81 (2021) 800	CMS-LUM-17-003 2104.01927
20	CMS Collaboration	CMS luminosity measurement for the 2017 data-taking period at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV	CMS Physics Analysis Summary, 2018 link	CMS-PAS-LUM-17-004
21	CMS Collaboration	CMS luminosity measurement for the 2018 data-taking period at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV	CMS Physics Analysis Summary, 2019 CMS-PAS-LUM-18-002	CMS-PAS-LUM-18-002
22	CMS Collaboration	HEPData record for this analysis	link
23	CMS Collaboration	The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC	JINST 3 (2008) S08004
24	CMS Collaboration	Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector	JINST 12 (2017) P10003	CMS-PRF-14-001 1706.04965
25	CMS Collaboration	Performance of the CMS Level-1 trigger in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV	JINST 15 (2020) P10017	CMS-TRG-17-001 2006.10165
26	CMS Collaboration	The CMS trigger system	JINST 12 (2017) P01020	CMS-TRG-12-001 1609.02366
27	CMS Collaboration	Constraints on the chiral magnetic effect using charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in pPb and PbPb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider	Phys. Rev. C 97 (2018) 044912	CMS-HIN-17-001 1708.01602
28	CMS Collaboration	Observation of correlated azimuthal anisotropy fourier harmonics in pp and p+Pb collisions at the LHC	PRL 120 (2018) 092301	CMS-HIN-16-022 1709.09189
29	CMS Collaboration	Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker	JINST 9 (2014) P10009	CMS-TRK-11-001 1405.6569
30	T. Sjöstrand et al.	An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2	Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 159	1410.3012
31	T. Pierog et al.	EPOS LHC: Test of collective hadronization with data measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider	Phys. Rev. C 92 (2015) 034906
32	CMS Collaboration	Event generator tunes obtained from underlying event and multiparton scattering measurements	EPJC 76 (2016) 155	CMS-GEN-14-001 1512.00815
33	GEANT4 Collaboration	GEANT 4---A simulation toolkit	NIM A 506 (2003) 250
34	M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez	The anti- $k_{\mathrm{T}}$ jet clustering algorithm	JHEP 04 (2008) 063	0802.1189
35	M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez	FASTJET user manual	EPJC 72 (2012) 1896	1111.6097
36	P. Berta, M. Spousta, D. W. Miller, and R. Leitner	Particle-level pileup subtraction for jets and jet shapes	JHEP 06 (2014) 092	1403.3108
37	CMS Collaboration	Jet energy scale and resolution in the CMS experiment in pp collisions at 8 TeV	JINST 12 (2017) P02014	CMS-JME-13-004 1607.03663
38	CMS Collaboration	Jet momentum dependence of jet quenching in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 2.76 TeV	PLB 712 (2012) 176	CMS-HIN-11-013 1202.5022
39	ATLAS Collaboration	Measurements of the suppression and correlations of dijets in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}}$ = 5.02 TeV	Phys. Rev. C 107 (2023) 054908	2205.00682
40	CMS Collaboration	Pileup mitigation at CMS in 13 TeV data	JINST 15 (2020) P09018	CMS-JME-18-001 2003.00503
41	T. Adye	Unfolding algorithms and tests using RooUnfold	in , . CERN, Geneva, 2011 PHYSTAT 201 (2011) 313	1105.1160
42	L. Brenner et al.	Comparison of unfolding methods using RooFitUnfold	Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 35 (2020) 2050145	1910.14654
43	G. D'Agostini	A multidimensional unfolding method based on Bayes' theorem	NIM A 362 (1995) 487
44	W. H. Richardson	Bayesian-based iterative method of image restoration $\ast$	J. Opt. Soc. Am. 62 (1972) 55
45	L. B. Lucy	An iterative technique for the rectification of observed distributions	Astron. J. 79 (1974) 745
46	CMS Collaboration	Determination of jet energy calibration and transverse momentum resolution in CMS	JINST 6 (2011) P11002	CMS-JME-10-011 1107.4277
47	CMS Collaboration	First measurement of large area jet transverse momentum spectra in heavy-ion collisions	JHEP 05 (2021) 284	CMS-HIN-18-014 2102.13080
48	M. Kordell and A. Majumder	Jets in d(p)-A collisions: Color transparency or energy conservation	Phys. Rev. C 97 (2018) 054904	1601.02595