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| CMS-HIN-21-019 ; CERN-EP-2024-331 | ||
| First measurement of jet axis decorrelation with photon-tagged jets in pp and $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions at 5.02 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 20 February 2026 | ||
| Submitted to Physics Letters B | ||
| Abstract: The first measurement of the jet axis decorrelation in events with jets recoiling from an isolated photon is presented for lead-lead ($ \mathrm{PbPb} $) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The jet axis decorrelation is the angular difference ($ \Delta{j} $) between two definitions of the jet axis. This quantity is expected to be sensitive to the scattering of jet constituents in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Events which have a leading isolated photon with transverse momentum 60 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\gamma} < $ 200 GeV and recoiling jets with 30 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} < $ 100 GeV are selected for the analysis. The $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ result is reported as a function of collision centrality and compared to pp reference data. Jets with $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} < $ 60 GeV have consistent $ \Delta{j} $ shapes for pp and $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions. However, a narrowing is observed for jets with $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} > $ 60 GeV in central $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions. The results are compared to predictions from the JEWEL, PYQUEN and HYBRID theoretical models, which include different descriptions of parton energy loss in the QGP. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:2602.18279 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
png pdf |
Figure 1:
Photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in pp collisions (red boxes, open circles) and $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions (blue boxes, filled circles), normalized per photon. The columns show different $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ centralities, while the top (bottom) row shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 2:
Ratios of photon-tagged jet $ \Delta{j} $ spectra in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ and pp collisions normalized per photon-jet pair. The columns show different $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ centralities, while the top (bottom) row shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent total systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. |
png pdf |
Figure 3:
Photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in pp collisions, normalized per photon. The left (right) panel shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, statistical uncertainties are within the marker size, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The results are compared to theoretical predictions from the HYBRID, JEWEL, PYQUEN, and PYTHIA models. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
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Figure 4:
Photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions with 0--10% centrality, normalized per photon. The left (right) column shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ while the top (bottom) row shows comparisons to predictions from the HYBRID (JEWEL and PYQUEN) models. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-a:
Photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions with 0--10% centrality, normalized per photon. The left (right) column shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ while the top (bottom) row shows comparisons to predictions from the HYBRID (JEWEL and PYQUEN) models. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
png pdf |
Figure 4-b:
Photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions with 0--10% centrality, normalized per photon. The left (right) column shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ while the top (bottom) row shows comparisons to predictions from the HYBRID (JEWEL and PYQUEN) models. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
png pdf |
Figure 5:
Ratios of photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ and pp collisions normalized per photon-jet pair, shown for centrality 0--10%. The left (right) column shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ while the top (bottom) row shows comparisons to predictions from the HYBRID (JEWEL and PYQUEN) models. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-a:
Ratios of photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ and pp collisions normalized per photon-jet pair, shown for centrality 0--10%. The left (right) column shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ while the top (bottom) row shows comparisons to predictions from the HYBRID (JEWEL and PYQUEN) models. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
png pdf |
Figure 5-b:
Ratios of photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation $ \Delta{j} $ in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ and pp collisions normalized per photon-jet pair, shown for centrality 0--10%. The left (right) column shows low (high) jet $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ while the top (bottom) row shows comparisons to predictions from the HYBRID (JEWEL and PYQUEN) models. The leftmost bins extend down to $ \Delta{j} = $ 0. The shaded boxes represent systematic uncertainties, the vertical bars indicate statistical uncertainties, and the horizontal bars indicate the bin width. The theory bands represent the statistical uncertainties. |
| Tables | |
png pdf |
Table 1:
Average of the bin-by-bin $ \Delta{j} $ absolute, symmetric systematic uncertainties for jets with 30 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} < $ 60 GeV in pp data as well as in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ data for each of the centrality bins. |
png pdf |
Table 2:
Average of the bin-by-bin $ \Delta{j} $ absolute, symmetric systematic uncertainties for jets with 60 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} < $ 100 GeV in pp data as well as in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ data for each of the centrality bins. |
| Summary |
| Measurements of the photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation ($ \Delta{j} $), between jet axes defined by the energy-weight ($ E\text{--scheme} $) and the winner-take-all (WTA) schemes, are reported for the first time. These measurements are performed at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV, using proton-proton (pp) and lead-lead ($ \mathrm{PbPb} $) data sets recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2017 and 2018, respectively. This study uses comparisons between $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ and pp collisions to investigate the in-medium modification of the $ \Delta{j} $ distribution. The corrected $ \Delta{j} $ spectra are analyzed in four $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ centrality intervals: 0--10%, 10--30%, 30--50%, and 50--90%. The use of photon-tagged jet events reduces the jet survivor bias and allows a focus on a quark-enriched sample with the initial transverse momentum tagged by the photon with energy between 60 and 200 GeV. This tagging requirement reduces competing effects compared to inclusive jet-based measurements, allowing for the investigation of jet survivor bias effects. The data are divided into lower- and higher-$ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ jet intervals to explore the effects of jet survivor bias. In contrast to the narrowing effects observed in the ALICE inclusive charged jet measurement in $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ collisions, the CMS results show that the $ \mathrm{PbPb} $ and pp spectra for 30 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} < $ 60 GeV are consistent. However, the higher-$ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ jet sample of 60 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} < $ 100 GeV, which is more affected by jet survivor bias, displays similar signs of narrowing at small $ \Delta{j} $ as reported by the ALICE experiment. The JEWEL model offers a reasonable description of the experimental data and suggests that the $ \Delta{j} $ observable is relatively insensitive to the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium recoil effects. The broadening predicted by JEWEL at large $ \Delta{j} $ and low $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} $, as well as the narrowing at small $ \Delta{j} $ and high $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\text{jet}} $ in the most central collisions, both align with the data. Similarly, the HYBRID model indicates that $ \Delta{j} $ is relatively unaffected by the QGP wake contribution, but is highly sensitive to elastic scattering of partons with the QGP. In contrast, the PYQUEN model overestimates medium-induced broadening effects, with only slight improvement when wide-angle radiation is included. These new measurements of the photon-tagged jet axis decorrelation provide deeper insights into the mechanisms of jet quenching in the QGP. |
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