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| CMS-EXO-17-021 ; CERN-EP-2018-211 | ||
| Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to quark pairs in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $ 13 TeV | ||
| CMS Collaboration | ||
| 9 August 2018 | ||
| Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 112014 | ||
| Abstract: A general search for the pair production of resonances, each decaying to two quarks, is reported. The search is conducted separately for heavier resonances (masses above 400 GeV), where each of the four final-state quarks generates a hadronic jet resulting in a four-jet signature, and for lighter resonances (masses between 80 and 400 GeV), where the pair of quarks from each resonance is collimated and reconstructed as a single jet resulting in a two-jet signature. In addition, a b-tagged selection is applied to target resonances with a bottom quark in the final state. The analysis uses data collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The mass spectra are analyzed for the presence of new resonances, and are found to be consistent with standard model expectations. The results are interpreted in the framework of $R$-parity-violating supersymmetry assuming the pair production of scalar top quarks decaying via the hadronic coupling $ \lambda_{312}'' $ or $ \lambda_{313}'' $, and upper limits on the cross section as a function of the top squark mass are set. These results probe a wider range of masses than previously explored at the LHC, and extend the top squark mass limits in the $ {\tilde{\mathrm{t}}\to\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q}^{\prime}} $ scenario. | ||
| Links: e-print arXiv:1808.03124 [hep-ex] (PDF) ; CDS record ; inSPIRE record ; HepData record ; CADI line (restricted) ; | ||
| Figures | |
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Figure 1:
Diagrams for the benchmark models used in this analysis: pair production of top squarks decaying into $ {{{\mathrm {q}}}{{\mathrm {q}}}^{\prime}} $ via the RPV coupling $ {\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{312}}} $ (left), and ${{\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ via the RPV coupling ${\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{323}}}$ (right). |
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Figure 1-a:
Diagram for the pair production of top squarks decaying into $ {{{\mathrm {q}}}{{\mathrm {q}}}^{\prime}} $ via the RPV coupling $ {\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{312}}} $. |
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Figure 1-b:
Diagram for the pair production of top squarks decaying into ${{\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ via the RPV coupling ${\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{323}}}$. |
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Figure 2:
Boosted search kinematic distributions, normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. In the case of the $ {\tau _{21}} $ and $ {\tau _{32}} $ variables, both $ {\tau _{21}} $ and $ {\tau _{32}} $ requirements are removed. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. Upper left: ${m_{\text {asym}}}$. Upper right: ${\Delta \eta}$. Middle left: leading jet ${\tau _{21}}$. Middle right: subleading jet ${\tau _{21}}$. Lower left: leading jet ${\tau _{32}}$. Lower right: subleading jet ${\tau _{32}}$. |
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Figure 2-a:
Distribution of ${m_{\text {asym}}}$, normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. |
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Figure 2-b:
Distribution of ${\Delta \eta}$, normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. |
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Figure 2-c:
Distribution of the leading jet ${\tau _{21}}$, normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. Both requirements on $ {\tau _{21}} $ and $ {\tau _{32}} $ are removed. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. |
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Figure 2-d:
Distribution of the subleading jet ${\tau _{21}}$ , normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. Both requirements on $ {\tau _{21}} $ and $ {\tau _{32}} $ are removed. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. |
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Figure 2-e:
Distribution of the leading jet ${\tau _{32}}$ subleading jet ${\tau _{32}}$, normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. Both requirements on $ {\tau _{21}} $ and $ {\tau _{32}} $ are removed. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. |
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Figure 2-f:
Distribution of the subleading jet ${\tau _{32}}$, normalized to unity, showing the comparison between data (black dots), backgrounds (solid colored lines), and a few selected $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ signal simulated samples (dashed colored lines). All inclusive selection criteria are applied, apart from that on the variable being presented. Both requirements on $ {\tau _{21}} $ and $ {\tau _{32}} $ are removed. The black dashed lines indicate the maximum value imposed by the selection in the upper and middle rows of plots, and the minimum allowed value in the lower plots. |
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Figure 3:
Boosted search signal distributions. Left: signal mass distributions after applying the inclusive selection, for various simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ masses probed in this analysis. Right: signal efficiency as a function of $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} $ for the inclusive and b-tagged selections. |
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Figure 3-a:
Signal mass distributions after applying the inclusive selection, for various simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ masses probed in this analysis. |
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Figure 3-b:
Signal efficiency as a function of $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} $ for the inclusive and b-tagged selections. |
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Figure 4:
Boosted search transfer factor $B/D$ as a function of $ {\overline {m}} $ for data (black points) with the inclusive selection applied, and corrected for the resonant background component. The fit to the data (black dotted line) with the sigmoid function described in Eq. (2) is also displayed. Light gray and dark red bands represent the uncertainties of the fit for the inclusive and b-tagged selection, respectively, and are treated as systematic uncertainties. |
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Figure 5:
Boosted search $ {\overline {m}} $ distribution for data (black points) and for the total background prediction, for the inclusive (left) and the b-tagged (right) selection. The different background components are presented with different colors, while the grey hashed band displays the total background uncertainty. The expected signals from simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ and $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ samples at $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 80 GeV and $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 200 GeV are also displayed (shaded lines) for the inclusive selection and the b-tagged selections, respectively. The lower panel shows the ratio between data and the background prediction. The shaded peaks in the lower distributions show the expected effect produced by the presence of a top squark signal, for two different top squark masses. |
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Figure 5-a:
Boosted search $ {\overline {m}} $ distribution for data (black points) and for the total background prediction, for the inclusive selection. The different background components are presented with different colors, while the grey hashed band displays the total background uncertainty. The expected signals from simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ and $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ samples at $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 80 GeV and $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 200 GeV are also displayed (shaded lines) for the inclusive selection and the b-tagged selections, respectively. The lower panel shows the ratio between data and the background prediction. The shaded peaks in the lower distribution show the expected effect produced by the presence of a top squark signal, for two different top squark masses. |
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Figure 5-b:
Boosted search $ {\overline {m}} $ distribution for data (black points) and for the total background prediction, for the b-tagged selection. The different background components are presented with different colors, while the grey hashed band displays the total background uncertainty. The expected signals from simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ and $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ samples at $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 80 GeV and $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 200 GeV are also displayed (shaded lines) for the inclusive selection and the b-tagged selections, respectively. The lower panel shows the ratio between data and the background prediction. The shaded peaks in the lower distribution show the expected effect produced by the presence of a top squark signal, for two different top squark masses. |
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Figure 6:
Resolved search $ {M_{\text {asym}}} $ distribution normalized to unity for data (black dots), background (solid blue line), and a selected signal $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ with $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV (dashed red line). All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region to the left of the black dashed line indicates the optimized region of selected $ {M_{\text {asym}}} $ values. |
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Figure 7:
Resolved search distribution of $\eta _{\mathrm {jj2}}$ of the lower-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ dijet system in the selected pair as a function of the $\eta _{\mathrm {jj1}}$ of the higher-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ dijet system. The distribution is shown for simulated QCD multijet events (left) and a representative signal $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ with $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV (right). All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region between the two red dashed lines indicates the optimized region of selected $ {\Delta \eta _{\text {dijet}}} $ values. |
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Figure 7-a:
Resolved search distribution of $\eta _{\mathrm {jj2}}$ of the lower-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ dijet system in the selected pair as a function of the $\eta _{\mathrm {jj1}}$ of the higher-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ dijet system. The distribution is shown for simulated QCD multijet events. All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region between the two red dashed lines indicates the optimized region of selected $ {\Delta \eta _{\text {dijet}}} $ values. |
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Figure 7-b:
Resolved search distribution of $\eta _{\mathrm {jj2}}$ of the lower-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ dijet system in the selected pair as a function of the $\eta _{\mathrm {jj1}}$ of the higher-$ {p_{\mathrm {T}}}$ dijet system. The distribution is shown a representative signal $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ with $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV. All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region between the two red dashed lines indicates the optimized region of selected $ {\Delta \eta _{\text {dijet}}} $ values. |
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Figure 8:
Resolved search distribution of $\Delta $ as a function of $ {\overline {M}}$, shown for simulated QCD multijet events (left) and a representative signal $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ with $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV (right). All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region above the red dashed line indicates the optimized region of selected $\Delta $ values. |
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Figure 8-a:
Resolved search distribution of $\Delta $ as a function of $ {\overline {M}}$, shown for simulated QCD multijet events. All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region above the red dashed line indicates the optimized region of selected $\Delta $ values. |
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Figure 8-b:
Resolved search distribution of $\Delta $ as a function of $ {\overline {M}}$, shown for a representative signal $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ with $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV. All inclusive selection criteria are applied apart from that on the variable being presented. The region above the red dashed line indicates the optimized region of selected $\Delta $ values. |
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Figure 9:
Resolved search distribution of $ {\overline {M}} $ for the data (black points), along with the resulting fit to the functional form in Eq. (3) (blue solid line) for the inclusive (left) and the b-tagged (right) selections. The expected signals from simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ and $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ samples at $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV are also displayed (red dot-dashed lines) for the inclusive selection and the b-tagged selections, respectively. The lower panel displays the bin-by-bin difference between the data and the fit divided by the statistical uncertainty. |
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Figure 9-a:
Resolved search distribution of $ {\overline {M}} $ for the data (black points), along with the resulting fit to the functional form in Eq. (3) (blue solid line) for the inclusive selection. The expected signal from simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ sample at $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV is also displayed (red dot-dashed lines). The lower panel displays the bin-by-bin difference between the data and the fit divided by the statistical uncertainty. |
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Figure 9-b:
Resolved search distribution of $ {\overline {M}} $ for the data (black points), along with the resulting fit to the functional form in Eq. (3) (blue solid line) for the b-tagged selection. The expected signal from simulated $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ sample at $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} = $ 500 GeV is also displayed. The lower panel displays the bin-by-bin difference between the data and the fit divided by the statistical uncertainty. |
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Figure 10:
Simulated signal distributions for the resolved search. Left: Gaussian fits to the mass of the simulated signals for various $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} $ probed in this search for the inclusive selection. Right: signal efficiency, as a function of ${m_{{\tilde{t}}}}$, for the inclusive and b-tagged selections. |
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Figure 10-a:
Gaussian fits to the mass of the simulated signals for various $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} $ probed in this search for the inclusive selection. |
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Figure 10-b:
Signal efficiency, as a function of ${m_{{\tilde{t}}}}$, for the inclusive and b-tagged selections. |
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Figure 11:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the signal cross section as a function of ${m_{{\tilde{t}}}}$. The branching fraction to quarks is assumed to be 100%. The boosted analysis probes 80 $ \leq {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} < $ 400 GeV, while the resolved analysis searches for $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} \ge $ 400 GeV. Left: limits using the inclusive selection for $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ assuming the RPV coupling ${\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{312}}}$. Right: limits using the b-tagged selection for $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ assuming the RPV coupling ${\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{323}}}$. The dashed pink line shows the NLO+NLL theoretical prediction for top squark pair production [38,39]. |
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Figure 11-a:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the signal cross section as a function of ${m_{{\tilde{t}}}}$. The branching fraction to quarks is assumed to be 100%. The boosted analysis probes 80 $ \leq {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} < $ 400 GeV, while the resolved analysis searches for $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} \ge $ 400 GeV. Limits using the inclusive selection for $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {q}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ assuming the RPV coupling ${\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{312}}}$. The dashed pink line shows the NLO+NLL theoretical prediction for top squark pair production [38,39]. |
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Figure 11-b:
Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the signal cross section as a function of ${m_{{\tilde{t}}}}$. The branching fraction to quarks is assumed to be 100%. The boosted analysis probes 80 $ \leq {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} < $ 400 GeV, while the resolved analysis searches for $ {m_{{\tilde{t}}}} \ge $ 400 GeV. Limits using the b-tagged selection for $ {{\tilde{t}} \to {\mathrm {b}} {\mathrm {q}}^{\prime}} $ assuming the RPV coupling ${\lambda ^{\prime \prime}_{{323}}}$. The dashed pink line shows the NLO+NLL theoretical prediction for top squark pair production [38,39]. |
| Tables | |
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Table 1:
Summary of the signal selection criteria for the boosted search (second column) and resolved search (third column). The criteria are shown for the inclusive selection and the b-tagged selection. |
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Table 2:
Definition of the regions used in the QCD multijet background estimate for the boosted analysis. Region $A$ is the signal-dominated region while regions $B$, $C$, and $D$ are background-dominated sideband regions. |
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Table 3:
Summary of the source of systematic uncertainties in the background prediction. |
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Table 4:
Summary of the sources of systematic uncertainties for the signal samples affecting both the shape and yield. |
| Summary |
| A search has been performed for the pair production of diquark resonances in two-jet events in a boosted jet topology and in four-jet events in a resolved jet topology. Data from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV collected in 2016 with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, have been analysed. In the boosted search, the distribution of the average mass of the selected two jets has been investigated for localized disagreements between data and the background estimate, consistent with the presence of a narrow resonance, while in the resolved analysis the average mass of the selected dijet pairs is utilized. The boosted search explores resonance masses between 80 and 400 GeV, while the resolved one covers masses above 400 GeV. We find agreement between the observation and standard model expectations. These results are interpreted in the framework of $R$-parity-violating supersymmetry with the pair production of top squarks decaying promptly to quarks via the $ \lambda_{312}'' $ or the $ \lambda_{313}'' $ couplings, assuming 100% branching fractions to $ {\tilde{\mathrm{t}}\to\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q}^{\prime}} $ or ${\tilde{\mathrm{t}}\to\mathrm{b}\mathrm{q}^{\prime}} $, respectively. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the pair production cross section of top squarks as a function of the top squark mass. We exclude top squark masses with the $ \lambda_{312}'' $ coupling from 80 to 520 GeV. For the $ \lambda_{313}'' $ coupling, the boosted search excludes masses from 80 to 270 and from 285 to 340 GeV; and the resolved search excludes masses from 400 to 525 GeV. These results probe a wider range of masses than previously explored at the LHC, and extend the top squark mass limits in the $ {\tilde{\mathrm{t}}\to\mathrm{q}\mathrm{q}^{\prime}} $ scenario. |
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